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YPOGRA
PHY:
LO S
T&
F O
UN
D
N a m h e e H y u n
Typo
graph
y
Han
dybo
ok
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C O N T E N TIntroduction
-Typograghy Anatomy..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Decorative TYpeface..4
Blackletter TYpeface..16
Condensed TYpeface18
Geometric TYpeface...20Graffiti23
Ligatures..26
Monospace Typeface.30
Proportional Typeface.34
Serif TYpeface.38
Sans-serif TYpeface..44
Script TYpeface.....48
Excerption
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3
IN
TR
O
D
U
C
TIO
N
Type Anatomy
The cap height is the distance from the top of the capital letter
to its bottom. Some vert ical e lements (ascenders) may extend
sl ightly above the cap height.
The x-height is the height of the main body of the lowercase
letter (or the height of a lowercase x ) , excluding its ascenders
and descenders . The bigger the x-height is in re lat ion to the
cap height, the bigger the letters wil l look.
The basel ine is the most stable axis along a l ine of text . The
curves at the bottom of letters such as a or c hang s l ight ly
be low the base l ine . Commas and semico lons a l so c ross the
base l ine . I f a typeface were not pos i t ioned th is way , i t wouldappear to tee te r p reca r i ous l y , l ack i ng a sense o f phys i ca l
grounding.
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D
ECO
RATIVE/D
IS
PLAYFON
T
TRUE GRIT
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Novel l Book Cover
Origin: Egyptian/Slab SerifCharacteristic : Slab-serif , Heavy Weight, Sol id
Decorative Type
While serifed and sans-serif typefaces c an often be used
for text typesetting, there are a vast majority of f onts and
typefaces whose legibi l ity wanes when used in smaller
point sizes. These typefaces are often developed with a
specific use in mind and are designed f or larger point size
use in headl ines, posters and bi l lboards. Decorative is less of
a classification and can inclu de a wide variety of typefaces
underneath the umbrel la of the term.
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6
D
ECO
R
ATIV
E/D
ISPLAY
FO
N
T
CONVEV PTV LTDCONTSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: SignboardOrigin: Geometric
Characteristic : Sans-serif , Ligature, Even
Stroke Width
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D
ECO
RATIVE/D
IS
PLAYFON
T
Nando's
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Shop sign
Orgin: Humanist Serif TypeCharacteristic : Serif , Ital ic
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D
ECO
RATIVE/D
IS
PLAYFON
T
Foam
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Handwash Product Cover
Origin: Humanist Serif TypeCharacteristic : Serif , Cal igraphic,
Heavy Weight
SOUTHWEST HOME PLANS
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Architecture Book Cover
Origin: Transit ional/Anonymous Sans Serif
Characteristic : Sans-serif , Condensed, Even Weight
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D
ECO
RATIVE/D
IS
PLAYFON
T
BANANA BOAT
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Sunscreen Product Cover
Origin: Geometric Sans SerifCharacteristic : Sans-serif , Even Heavy Weight
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D
ECO
R
ATIVE/D
ISPLAY
FO
N
T
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D
ECO
RATIVE/D
IS
PLAYFON
T
Precious memories
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Journal Cover
Origin: Cal igraphy
WITCH AND WIZARD
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Journal Cover
Origin: MesquiteCharacteristic : Upper case only, Slab-serif , Condensed
Magic spells
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Journal CoverOrigin: Blackletter Type
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D
ECO
RATIVE/D
IS
PLAYFON
T
BEATRIX POTTERTHE COMPLETE TALES
DECORATIVE/DISPLAY TYPEFACE
Source: Journal CoverOrigin: Roman Type
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BL
ACKLETTER
TYPE
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B
LAC
KLETTER
TY
PE
Blackletter
Blackletter typefaces are a script style of cal l igraphy
that were popularized in Germany, although they
were used al l over Europe from the middle ages
through the Renaissance. A highly ornamental style of
typgraphy, different styles are often associated with
the different regions in which they were developed
and used. The main classifications include Textura,
Schwabacher, Cursiva and Fraktur . Textura is the most
closely related to the cal l igraphic style and often
includes a large number of l igatures. Schwabacher
typefaces have a simplified, rounded stroke and
several of their lowercase letters, including 'o ' , are often
analogous forms. Cursiva, as the name suggests, is
closely related to cursive letters and can be recognized
by the more frequent presence of descenders and
looped ascenders. Fraktur is the most common form of
Blackletter and is characterized by broken strokes.
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C
O
N
D
EN
S
ED
TYP
E
C
O
N
D
EN
S
ED
TYP
E
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GEOM
ETRIC
TYPE
GEOMETRIC FONTSThe repetit ion of simple geometric shapes forms a daily part of our
environment. Throughout the 20th century and into the 21st ty pefaces
whose designs have taken advantage of this have remained popular . But
finding exactly the right mood can be tricky. For your convenience, we have
grouped some of our favorite geometric typefaces (mostly sans serif and
symbol) into four categories: circles, squares, ovals, and triangles.
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GEOM
ETRIC
TYPE
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GEOM
ETRIC
TYPE
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G
R
A
FFITTI
Graffiti
Graff i t i ( s ingular : graff i to ) i s wr i t ing or drawings that have been scr ibbled ,
scratched, or sprayed i l l ic it ly on a wal l or other surface in a publ ic place . [ 1 ]
Graff it i ranges from simple written words to elaborate wal l paint ings, and ithas existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Egypt,
Ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire.
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LIG
ATU
R
ES
Ligature
In writ ing and typography, a l igature occurs where two or more graphemes
or letters are joined as a single glyph. Ligatures us ual ly replace consecutive
characters sharing common components and are part of a more general
class of glyphs cal led "contextual forms" , where the specific shape of a letter
depends on context such as surrounding letters or proxim ity to the end of a
l ine.
By way of example, the common ampersand ( "&") represents the Latin
conjunctive word et, for which the Engl ish equivalent is the word "and" . The
ampersand's symbol is a l igature, join ing the old handwritten Latin letters e
and t of the word et, so that the word is represented as a single glyph.
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LIG
AT
UR
ES
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LIGATU
R
ES
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M
ONOSPACE
TYPE
Monospace Type
A monospaced font , a lso cal led a f ixed-pitch , f ixed-width or non-proport ional font ,
is a font whose letters and characters each occupy the same amount of horizontal
space.This contrasts with variable-width fonts, where the letters differ in size from one
another.
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M
ONO
SPACE
TYPE
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M
ONOSPACE
TYPE
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M
ONO
SPACE
TYPE
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PR
O
R
PO
TION
AL
TYPE
Proportional Typeface
A proportional typeface contains glyphs of varying widths, while
a monospaced (non-proportional or fixed-width) typeface uses a
single standard width for al l glyphs in the font .
Most people general ly find proportional typefaces nicer-looking
and easier to read, and thus they appear more commonly in
professional ly publ ished printed material .
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PR
O
R
P
OTION
ALTYPE
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PR
O
R
P
OTION
ALTYPE
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S
ER
IF
VOGUEType: Modern
Modern serifed typefaces developed in the late 18th and early 19thcentury and were a radical break fr om the traditional typography of the
time with high contrast of strokes, straight serifs and a total ly vertical axis .
Example: Bodoni .
DAVID JONES
Type:Transitiona l
The bridge for the gap between Old Style and Modern serifed typefaces,
Transit ional type has a more vertical axis and sharper serifs than humanist
forms. Example: Baskervi l le .
Serif
In typography, a serif is a small l ine attached to the end of a stroke in a
letter or symbol , such as when handwrit ing is separated into distinct units
for a typewriter or typsetter . eg )
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S
ER
IF
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S
ER
IF
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S
ER
IF
EgyptianEgyptian , or s lab-serifed , typefaces have heavy ser ifs and were
used for decorat ive purposes and headl ines because the heavy
serifs impeded legibi l ity at small point sizes. Example: Rockwell .
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S
ER
IF
Old Style
The Old Style or Humanist serif typefaces developed in the 15th
and 16th centuries and are characterized by a low contrast in strokeweight and angled serifs . Example: Garamond.
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S
ER
IF
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SA
N
S
-SER
IF Sans-Serif
Just exact ly l ike what is sounds, a sans-serif typeface is a
typeface without ser i fs . They can be found in h istory as
early as the 5th century , a lthough the classical revival of
the Ital ian Renaissance return to old style serifed typefaces
made them v i r t ua l l y obso l e te un t i l the 20th centu ry .
The i r was much deve lopment of sans-ser i f typefaces in
Germany as a revo l t against the ornate letter ing of the
popular Blackletter styles which led to sans-serif typefaces
based on the purity of geometric forms. Much l ike serifed
typefaces, there are many different classifications for sans-
ser if typefaces, including Gothic , Grotesque, Doric , L inear ,
Swiss and Geometric .
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SA
N
S-
SER
IF
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SA
NS
-SER
IF
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S
C
R
IP
T-
C
alig
rap
h
y Calligraphic
Letters associated with the art of cal l igraphy and the fonts developed
from their production can be classified as cal l igraphic. Cal l igraphic letters
can be, although do not have to be, classified as Chancery, Etruscan or
Uncial . Chancery letters have sl ight ly s loping narrow letters and were
influential in the development of serif ital ics. Etruscan faces do not have
lowercase letters and are based on an early form of Roman cal l igraphy
in which the brush was held at a steep angle . The Celt ic style , Uncial
letters are created from holding the brus h at an almost horizontal angle.
There is only one case in Uncial designs, although they did become the
basis for the development of the roman lower case.
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S
C
R
IP
T-C
alig
rap
h
y
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S
C
R
IP
T-
C
alig
rap
h
y
S
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S
C
R
IP
T-C
alig
rap
h
y
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n
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SC
RIPT-Handw
ritten
S
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SCRIP
T-Handwrit
ten
n
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SC
RIPT-Handw
ritten
S
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SCRIP
T-Handwritten
n
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SC
RIPT-Handw
ritte
Typograghy Anatomy(http://papress.com/thinkingwithtype/letter/anatomy.htm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Decorative TYpeface
(http://www.designishistory.com/1450/type-classification/) ..4
Blackletter TYpeface
(http://www.designishistory.com/1450/type-classification/) ..16
Geometric TYpeface
(http://www.designishistory.com/1450/type-classification/) ...20
Graffiti
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graffiti )23
Ligatures
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typographic_ligature) ..26
Monospace Typeface
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monospaced_font) .30
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Proportional Typeface
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typeface#Proportion) .34
Serif TYpeface
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serif) .38
Sans-serif TYpeface
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-serif) ..44
Script TYpeface
(http://www.designishistory.com/1450/type-classification/) .... .48
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