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Getting Started
Copyright 2007 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
What is Personality?
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Getting Started
Copyright 2007 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Topics Covered
Questions of Personality
What Is the Personality System? What Is the Field of Personality
Psychology?
Why Study Personality? How Is this Course Organized?
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Fundamental Questions of Personality
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
What Are Your Questions?
What Have You
Wondered About
Yourself? What Have You
Wondered About
Others?
What Is Personality to
You?
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Fundamental Questions of Personality
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Three Big Questions1. Who Am I?
3. What is My Future?2. How Do People Differ?
These inter-related questions (and others) tie ancient
philosophy to contemporary personality psychology
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Fundamental Questions of Personality
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
How and Why are People Different? Origins
Characterology: The literary study of different
personalities Theophrastus: The flatterer is a person who will say as hewalks with another, Do you observe how others are lookingat you? This happens to no man in Athens but you.
Theophrastus (again): The Garrulous man is one that will sitdown close beside somebody he does not know, and begin
talk with a eulogy of his own life, and then relate a dream hehad the night before, and after that tell dish by dish what hehad for supper. As he warms to his work he will remark thatwe are by no means the men we were, and there is a newship in town, and(description continues in orig.)
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Fundamental Questions of Personality
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
How and Why are People Different? (Cont.)
Origins (Continued)
Humoural Theory: The attempt to find biological
bases for individual differences Developed by Hippocrates; Galen
Four Types
Sanguine (even-tempered; blood)
Choleric (irritable; yellow-bile Melancholic (depressed; black bile)
Phlegmatic (low energy; phlegm).
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Fundamental Questions of Personality
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Contemporary
Assessment of personality
Mental measurement
The study of individual differences
How and Why are People Different? (Cont.)
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Fundamental Questions of Personality
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
What Will My Future Be?
Origins
Since the ancient oracle at Delphi, people
have wondered about their futures
Contemporary
Personality psychology tells us
given characteristic, x
how will x influence life outcomes?
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What Is the Personality System?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Wundts Views: Psychologys Job
Wilhelm Wundt: Founder of experimental
psychology
The discipline of psychology studies
various mental systems one by one
Sensation
Perception
Memory
Etc.
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What Is the Personality System?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Wundts Views: Personalitys Job
Personality
Sensation
and
Perception
Motives
and
Emotion
Emotion
and
Cognition
Sensation Perception Memory Emotion CognitionConscious-
ness
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What Is the Personality System?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Analyzing Wundts Conception
Personality is a system
A system is a set of
interrelated parts.
Examples of systems:
The jewelry organizer
(top, right)
A boiler (to right)
Personality
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What Is the Personality System?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Definition of PersonalityPersonality is the
organized,
developing, systemwithin the individual
that represents the
collective action of
that individualsmajor psychological
subsystems.
Self
Control
Action
Implementation
Motives and
Emotions
Knowledge
Guidance
Some Psychological Systems
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What Is the Personality System?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
The Molecular Molar ContinuumMolar Sociology
Psychology
Biology
Chemistry
Molecular Physics
PART EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
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What Is the Personality System?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Personality Amidst Its SubsystemsSocio-logicalLevel
Groups Including or Interactingwith Personality
Psycho-logical/Sym-bolicLevel
InternalPersonality
ExternalSituation
Bio-logicalLevel
Nervous System SituationalElements
PART 1 EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
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What Is the Field of Personality Psychology?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Occupations
contributing topersonality
psychology
Comparative
biologists
Researchers in
artificial
intelligence
Educational
psychologists
studyinglearning
styles
Human
resource
personnel
studying job
performance
Psycho-
therapists
interested inpersonality
psychology
Professors
who teach
personality
psychology
PART 1 EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
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What Is the Field of Personality Psychology?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Most Common Training Programs Central Training
Ph.D. programs in Personality
Ph.D. programs in Personality and Social Psychology
Related Training
Ph.D. programs in Clinical and CounselingPsychology
M.B.A. & Ph.D. programs in Organizational Behavior
M.D. programs in Psychiatry
Ed.D. programs in Educational Psychology
PART 1 EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
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Why Study Personality Psychology?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Rationale for Studying Personality Psychology
Knowledge for knowledges sake
Applications to assessment
Applications to prediction and selection
Applications to change
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How Is This Course Organized?
Copyright 2006 Allyn & Bacon Mayers Personality: A Systems Approach
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
The Four Topics of this Course The four topics follow the systems framework for personality
psychology The four topics:
1. Identifying the personality system Introduction
Theory and research
2. Parts of personality Here, you may feel interestedbut frustrated by fragmentation
Many small parts to cover
3. Personality organization
We will pull the parts together by examining structure Look at dynamics
4. Personality development Provides a second way to pull together what we have learned
Speaks to a persons past and future
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
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How Is This Course Organized?
PART 1: EXPLORING PERSONALITY CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
~Enjoy the Course!~