7/27/2019 LTE Poster
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/lte-poster 1/1
LTE Evolved Packet System Architecture
LTE enables you to redefine the end-user experience
with the most advanced packet-based solution in
the industry. Continuing our 3G partnership into LTE,
the Alcatel-Lucent end-to-end LTE solution provides:
• A comprehensive transformation to an IPinfrastructure with minimal risk
• An open LTE ecosystem of devices, applicationsand content providers
• Smooth interworking with existing 2G/3G networksand evolution to the next generation For more information, visit:
www.alcatel-lucent.com/LTEinfo
or call your Alcatel-Lucent representative.
• IMSarchitectureis describedin TS23.228
• IMSsupports VoIPon EV-DO,HSPA+and LTE
• SingleRadio VoiceCall Continuity (SRVCC) IMSsupports optimizedhandoff of calls between VoIPdomains andwireless circuitdomainsusingtheVoice CallContinuity (VCC) application server(TS23.216)
• IMScentralizedservices (ICS) (TS23.292) andservice centralization andcontinuity (SCC) (TS23.237) enableIMSservices foruser equipmentinthecircuit-switcheddomain
Circuit-switched (CS) fall back
IMS - Industry-standard service architecture
Mobility Management Entity (MME) functions• Non-Access Stratum(NAS) signaling(attachment,bearersetup/deletion)
• NASsignalingsecurity
• Signalingformobility between 3GPPaccess networks (S3)
• Idlemodeuser equipmentreachability
• TrackingArea listmanagement
• PDN gateway andservinggateway selection
• MME selection forhandoffs with MME change
• Roaming-s6a to homesubscriberserver (HSS)
•Authentication
•
Bearermanagementfunctions includingdedicatedbearerestablishment• SupportforEarthquakeand TsunamiWarningSystem(ETWS) messagetransmission
•Alcatel-Lucent9471 MME
User Equipment (UE) functions• Contains theUniversalSubscriberIdentity Module(USIM) which holds
authentication information
• Supports services andapplications
• Monitors radios andconveys performanceto theEvolved NodeB (eNB) channelquality indicator(CQI)
• Supports LTE uplinkanddownlink airinterface
• Maps upstreamtrafficinto trafficclasses thataredefinedby upstreamtrafficflow templates
Home Subscriber Server (HSS)• Storageof subscriberdata
• EnhancedPresenceService (EPS) QoSsubscriberprofile
• Roamingrestrictions list
•AccessibleAccess PointNames (APNs)
•Address of currentserving mobility managemententity (MME)
• CurrentTrackingArea (TA) of userequipment(UE)
•Authentication vectors andsecurity keys perUE
•Alcatel-Lucent8650 SubscriberData Manager
Policy and charging rules function (PCRF)• Interfaces with application functions such as theproxy-callsession controlfunction
(P-CSCF) orotherpolicy enabledapplications
• Interfaces with thePDN gateway to convey policy decisions to it
• Decides how services shallbetreatedin the PDN gateway in accordancewitha usersubscriberpolicy
•Alcatel-Lucent5780 DSC
PDN Gateway (P-GW)• PDN gateway
• Per-userpacketfiltering
• Lawfulintercept
• Userequipment(UE) IPaddress allocation
• Transportlevelpacketmarking fordownlinking
• Uplink/downlinkservicelevelcharging,gating, andrateenforcement
• Downlinkrateenforcement basedon aggregatemaximumbitrate (AMBR)
•Alcatel-Lucent7750 ServiceRouter
Serving Gateway (S-GW)• Localmobility anchorforinter-evolvedNodeB (eNB) handover
• Mobility anchorforinter-third-generation partnershipproject(3GPP) mobility
• EvolvedUMTSTerrestrialRadio Access Network(E-UTRAN) idle-modedownlinkpacketbufferingandinitiation of networktriggeredservice requestprocedure
• Lawfulintercept
• Packetrouting/forwarding
• Transportlevelpacketmarking (uplinkinganddownlinking)
•Accountingon userand Quality of Service(QoS) class identifiergranularityforinter-operatorcharging
• Uplinkanddownlinkc hargingperuser equipment,packetdata node(PDN),andQoSclass identifier(forroamingwith homeroutedtraffic)
•Alcatel-Lucent7750 ServiceRouter
Evolved Node B (eNB) functions• Radio resourcemanagement:radio bearercontrol,radio admission control,
connection mobility control,uplink/downlinkscheduling
• IPheader compression andcipheringof userdata stream
• Mobility managemententity (MME) selection
• Forwardinguplinkdata to servinggateway
• Paging
• Schedulingandtransmission of broadcastinformation,originatedfrom themobilitymanagemententity (MME) oroperations andmaintenance(O&M)
• Measurementandmeasurementreportingconfiguration formobility andscheduling
• Schedulingandtransmission of Earthquakeand TsunamiWarningSystem(ETWS)messages,originatedfromthe MME
EPS BEARER (36.300, CLAUSE 13.1) :
• Evolvedpacketswitch (EPS) bearer(36.300,clause13.1):
•An EPSbeareris an end-to-endtunneldefinedto a specificQoS
-A defaultbeareris definedattheuser equipmentinitialattach;radio resources areremovedif theuserequipmentgoes idle
-A dedicatedbeareris createdusingsignalingfor specificservices
• TheQoS modelis builton theEPSbearer which has fourparameters associatedto it:
-QoS class identifier(QCI) is an integerwhich provides an index into a tableprovidingforwardingtreatmentforthat bearer(in terms of latency andpacketloss)
-Allocation andretention priority (ARP) is usedby thescheduler to providepreemption
priority in caseof contention-GuaranteedBit Rate(GBR):separately forboth downlinks anduplinks.
Notean EPS-bearercan benon-GBR
-AggregateMaximumBit Rate(AMBR) specifies downlinkanduplinkbit rates foran aggregateEPS bearer
• Servicedata flows (SDF) arespecificpacketflows identifiedby quintupleandassociatedto a servicerequiringspecialtreatment
• SDFs aremappedinto EPSbearers atthe userequipment(for uplinks) andatthe PDNgateway (fordownlinks) usinga setof filterrules called trafficflow templates (TFT).
PCRF (TS 23.203):
• Policy rule
-Applies a filter(TFT) to mapSDFs to EPSbearers
-Provides charginginstructions
• Extremely flexiblemodel
-Dynamicpolicy control
-Policy push:Userequipment <>application signalingdetermines which SDFsto useandwhat policy ruleto installusingthePCRF on thePDN gateway
-Policy pull:Thegateway detects an event which triggers notification to thePCRFto downloada policy rule
-Pre-definedpolicy rules-Roamingsupport,other AN support
• Chargingfunctions in PCRF
-Chargingcorrelation:binds uplinktraffic(perSDF) to IMSsignalinglayer(usefulforvolume metering,forexample)
• Chargingin PDN gateway andservinggateway (forroamers)
-Per SDF statistics collection basedon chargingrules providedby thePCRF
-Onlinecharging through diametercreditcontrol(Gz)
-Offlinecharging(Gy)
• OtherPDN gateway functions
-Gate control:allows ordisallows SDF
-Flow policing
-Markingflows
-Metering
-Application awareness through DPI
• Bearerbindingand eventreportingfunction (BBERF)
-Bearer bindingis thegenericprocedurefor associatinga bearerin theaccess to a SDF
-TS 23.402 and23.203 defines bearerbindingandeventreporting function (BBERF)to supportsituations wherea directpolicy interfaceis needed.
• CSFB is definedin TS23.272
• Dualmode2G/3G andLTE userequipmentis registeredin the2G/3Gcircuitdomain butis tunedand connectedto theLTE/EPCnetwork
•Voicecalls comeinto themobileswitching center(MSC)
• TheMSC alerts theuser equipmentof incomingvoice calls throughtheservinggateway interface,mobility managemententity (MME)andLTE.Note theS101 is usedin theevent theMSC is 3GPP2 (CDMA)
• Theuser equipmentretunes andreconnects to the2G/3G carrierandaccepts calls
• LTE data session is eithersuspendedoris handed to W-CDMA(if applicable- notshown above)
• SGs interfacecan also deliverSMStrafficto theuser equipmentwhenin LTE mode
LTE with legacy 3GPP interworking (pre-Release
LTE with legacy 3GPP interworking (Release 8)
LTE with non-3GPP interworking (Release 8)
TS 23.401, ANNEX D:
Utilizes new LTE elements to emulatelegacy elements for interworking
• Mobility managemententity (MME) supports Gn/Gpinterfaces(TS23.060) forthecontrolplane(based on GTPv1)
• PDN gateway needs to supportGn/Gpinterfaces (TS23.060) forthecontrolanduser planes.PDNgatewayalsoacts asaGGSN andcommonanchorforevolved packetcore(ePC) bearers andpacket data protocol(PDP) contexts.
An Lthroforth
RELEASE 8 METHOD OF INTERWORKING (TS 23.401, CLAUSE 5.5.2)
Therelease8 methodof inter-radio access technology (IRAT) interworkingrelies on using:
• New S3 andS4 interfaces,modeledon theS5 and S10 interfaces usedforS1 basedhandover,to supportsignalinganduser planerequirements
-A servingGPRSsupport node(SGSN) thatuses thenew interfaceiscalledan S3/S4 SGSN
•Aserving gateway as a mobility anchorfor intra-3GPPmobility
-Mobility managemententity (MME) <>SGSN handovers supportcallflows similarto thebasicS1-based handoverwith MME change(also describedin TS23.401)
Adv
• Offepack(HSP
• Comon a
• Supp
INTERWORKING WITH NON-3GPP ACCESS NETWORKS (TS 23.402):
Fundamentalgoal:Achievemobility with IPaddress preservation whenuserequipmentselects a non-3GPPaccess
Access types
• Trustednon-3GPPaccess —WiMAX andhigh ratepacketdata (HRPD)operatedby thesameprovider as LTE
-The operatorhas authenticatedusers forthe access network
-The operatorhas implementedsufficientsafeguards to mitigatepotentialattacks
• Untrustednon-3GPPaccess — third-party WLAN access(homeorbusiness) hotspot
-Theoperator requires separateauthentication procedures
-Example:WLAN access froma thirdparty (homeorbusiness) hotspot
Basi
• ThePsupp
• Thesacce
• TheAEvol
• Othesupp
• S101no p
REFERENCES ARE:
• TS33.401:SAE Security Architecture
• TS24.301:NAS Protocol
• TS36.323:PDCP Specification
INTERFACE
Gx
Gxa,GxbandGxc
Rx
S9
Sp
Gy/Ro
Gz/Rf
Ga
PURPOSE
Policy control
BBERF as definedin TS23.402
Application function to PCRF
RoaminginterconnectforPCRF
Retrievingpersubscriber policy data
On-linecharging
Off-linecharging
Off-linecharging
PROTOCOL
Diameter/SCTP
Diameter/SCTP
Diameter/SCTP
Diameter/SCTP
Notspecified
Diameter/SCTP
Diameter/SCTP
GTP/UDP
REFERENCE
TS29.212
TS29.212
TS29.214
TS29.215
Notdefinedin R8
TS30.240 &TS32.299
TS32.251 & TS32.295
TS32.299
ForbTS33
LTE interworking opt
LTE security
Voice and SMS interworking options
www.alcatel-lucent.comAlcatel,Lucent,Alcatel-LucentandtheAlcatel-Lucentlogo aretrademarks of Alcatel-Lucent.Allothertrademarks aretheproperty of theirrespectiveowners.T
©2009 Alcatel-Lucent.Allrights reserved.RMK7526091004 (10)
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S10:usedby MMEs to supportMME changes
X2:used to supportintra-MME handoff with no packetloss
S11:used by theMME to controlpath switchingandbearerestablishmentin theservinggateway andPDN gateway
S6a:usedby theMME to retrievesubscriber data fromhomesubscriber server(HSS)
S5:a signalinginterfaceforestablishingbearers between theservinggatewayandthe PDN gateway orbetween servinggateways,forserving gateway changes(GTPv2).Italso supports theuserplanefor bearers (GTPv1).Note thereis a PMIPv6version of theS5.
Gx:used by thePCRF to convey policy enforcementto theP-GW,andalso usedtoretrievetrafficflow data.
SGi:theinterface into theIPPDN.This is wheretheIP visibility into theUE IPaddress(es)is exposed.
S8:analogous to theS5 exceptthatit is usedin roamingscenarios.
Rx:used by application functions,such as theIMS P-CSCF,to convey policy data tothePCRF.
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• NASIntegrity Protection• NASCiphering(Null,AES, Snow 3G)
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Bearer architecture LTE policy control and charging
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(CSCF)
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