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ROMANIAN PERSPECTIVE OF NOVEL WOOD BASEDMATERIALS
Petronela Nechita
Technical Association for Romanin Pulp and Paper Industry
Pulp and Paper Research and Development Institute
CEPROHART SA Braila,Romania
New opportunities for wood based green polymers and composites
Workshop, October 6, 2011, Bucharest, Romania
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I. Pulp and paper industry in Romania
During last decades, within Romanian pulp and paperindustry major restructuring took place :
Were closed all the production capacities exceedingphysical and moral
Some companies were completely closed
Were opened new industrial platform
Was radically changed the structure of productiongrades and raw materials
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Market evolution 2005-2010
Paper and paperboard - total 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
- PRODUCTION 371 390 450 362 286 311
- IMPORT 514 571 714 580 562 621
- EXPORT 155 159 240 133 109 154
- TOTAL CONSUMPTION 730 807 924 809 739 778
- CONSUMPTION, PER CAPITA (Kg) 34 38 43 38 35 36
- Consumption from internal production
(%)
30 29 23 28 24 20
x 103 tons
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Structure of production and consumption of papers and boards2009 - 2010
Production Export Import Consumption
2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010
Total, which : 286 311 109 154 562 621 739 778Newsprint 27 6 2 2 68 74 93 78
Writing and printingpapers
0 0 0 0 112 115 112 115
Packaging paper 24 7 15 6 22 30 31 31
Tissue papers 98 121 28 44 34 40 104 117
Fluting and testlinerpapers
132 171 19 31 94 103 207 243
Other paper and boardgrades
5 6 45 71 232 259 192 194
x 103 tons
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Packaging corrugated board production
0
50
100
150
200
250
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
m
ii,t
one
Producia de carton ondulat
Producia de confecii din carton ondulat
7,00
7,50
8,00
8,509,00
9,50
10,00
10,50
11,00
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Kg
Fig. 1 Packaging corrugated boardproduction within 2004 - 2010
Fig. 2 Evolution of corrugated boardconsumption (per capita) within
2004 2010
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Fibrous materials consumption
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Fibrous materials production
- pulp
- semichemical pulp
- mechanical pulp
161
103
31
27
149
89
29
31
173
119
41
13
73
56
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pulp import 15 16 30 31 71 76
Pulp export 15 2 9 4 0 0
Wood consumption, mii m3
- Softwood
- Hardwood
821
596
221
727
527
210
842
572
270
397
347
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
x 103 tons
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Fibrous materials consumption
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Papers and boards production 371 390 450 362 286 311
Primary fibrous materials - total- pulp
- semichemical pulp- mechanical pulp
157
993127
161
1022831
191
1374113
91
74170
65
6500
67
6700
Recovered papers and boards 248 263 302 331 270 283
Fibrous material - total 405 424 493 422 335 350
x 103 tons
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II.FUTURE TRENDS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014
Grad
deutilizare,
%
Materiale f ibroase Hrtii i c artoane Carton ondulat
Papers and boards 2011 2012 2013
- Production 324 428 484
- Import 590 630 650
- Export 85 130 180
- Consumption 829 928 954
- Consumption, (per capita),Kg
39 43 44
- Consumption from internalproduction, %
29 32 32
Consumption of mains paper grades
Using of mains productioncapacities
x 103
tons
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Romanian pulp and paperRESEARCH ACTIVITY
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SC CEPROHART SA BRILAROMANIA
PULP and PAPER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
HUMAN RESOURCES:
Total employees: 127 50 employees are involved within research & development
activity (2 doctors of science, 3 Ph.D students, 35 engineersand 10 technicians) 61 employees are involved within experimental and pilot plant 15 administrative and auxiliary personnelCeproharts headquarters is in Braila and has one subsidiary in
SuceavaCeprohart turnover is about 2 mil. Euro/year
Has been founded in 1956;
Having experience in qualified researchand development services for pulp andpaper industry and other related fields.Produces speciality paper grades: filteringcomposites for alimentary liquids, foodspackaging papers, security papers fordocuments, pre-coated papers and boards,
composites with specialty uses.
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THE MAINS ACTIVITIES
Fundamental and applied researchin the field of pulp andpaper industry;
Design and Technological Development activityfor the pulpand paper industry;
Consulting and trainingwithin: quality and environmentalmanagement, human resources management, projectmanagement, informatics, standardization andlaboratories accreditation;
Production of special paper grades(filtering composites foralimentary liquids, security papers for documents, foodpackaging papers, filter paper, boards for theautomotive industry, composite materials with specialityuses)
SC CEPROHART SA BRILAROMANIA
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RESEARCH ACTIVITY
Is developed within laboratoriesand pilot plants equipped with
modern devices for testing ofpapers grades quality
characteristics and chemicalanalysis
Cellulose manufacturing from different raw materials (wood, annualplants) using classic and nonconventional technologies
Chemical characterization of different raw materials
Environment friendly pulping and bleaching technologies for chemicalpulps according with BAT
Using the additives in the pulping and bleaching process
Pulps and byproducts characterization
The main competences:
PULP
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PAPER
New papermaking technologies
Security techniques for the documents paper grades (watermark,coloring, magentic paper etc.)
Use of new retention/dewatering systems for wet-end
Specialty paper grades (food packaging, filter papers, electrical papers,special fine papers) with grammage from 30 g/m2 to 250 g/sqm
New composites materials from renewable resources for differentapplications: biocomposites for seedling manufacture, filteringcomposites for alimentary industry, composite materials for automotiveindustry, biocomposites for waste waters treatments, etc.
Surface treatments paper and board (coating, polymer treatments)
Researches for the valorization of recyclable paper materials (moderndeinking and bleaching technologies for recycled paper, biotechnology
application)
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POLLUTION
Wastewater and solid wastetreatment techniques
Process technologies forprevent, control and decreaseof the pollutants effects
Characterization andidentification of the specificpollutants in the pulp andpaper industry (wastewaters,soils, air)
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SERVICES
Technical assistance for the Romanian pulp and papercompanies
Technical expertise
Standardization and testing methods in the pulp, paper andboard field
Consulting for the laboratories accreditation
Testing of pulp, paper and board products
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PRODUCTION
ACTIVITY
The production department is equipped with a small tonnagepaper machine (started-up 1989) for specialty papergrades manufacturing.
The paper machine is equipped with size press and its maintechnical characteristics are:
Capacity: 1500 t/year Working width: 1600 mm Speed: 10 m/min for filtering composites (aprox.1400 g/sqm
100 m/min for paper grades (from 35 g/sqm )
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PRODUCTIONACTIVITY
The raw materials used:
Bleached sulfate hardwood pulps
Bleached sulfate softwood pulps
Ground calcium carbonate as filler
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PRODUCTION ACTIVITY
The main paper grades produced by Ceprohart are:
Filtering composites for alimentary liquids (wine, beer,intermediaries in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries,mineral water, fruit juices)
Security papers
Greaseproof paper for foods packaging
Filter papers
Composite materials with different applications
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REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
Polymeric Bio- composites from Renewable Resources for HighTechnologies Applications
Obtaining of cellulose fibrils with diameter below 100nm from different wood species for using as
reinforcement within thermoplastics polymeric matrix.
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REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
Advanced Microfiltering Composites -Efficient Solution for Food Safety
The general objective of the project consists ofmanufacturing a microfiltering composite basedon cellulosic fibres intended to separate by cross flow microfiltration the disturbing and/orcontaminant colloidal components in thealimentary liquids.
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Eco-technologies for Advanced Industrial Waste Integration forSustaining Long Term Developing
Objectives:
to develop and apply an integrating strategy to solve theproblems in the pulp and paper industry
to explore the valorization potential of wastes, assuring anincreased competitivity of the economy
to increase the environmental performance in pulp andpaper sector, by creating portfolio of top technologies with areplication potential to other industrial fields.
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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Alternative Solutions to Paper and Board Packaging Manufacture
for complying with European Requirements
- To find the alternatives for producing of paper and boardpackaging and
- To solve the problems associated with reducing ofenvironmental impact through the use of paper and boardpackaging waste
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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Integrated system of protecting markings
and security documents, carried out in the base paper makingand printing
The aim: project aims to carry out an integrated system of
protecting markings and security documents in order todiminish the phenomenon of counterfeit, forgery and
prevent some great frauds and tax evasion.
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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Technology for electrical insulating paper manufacture
Scope: Elaboration of technology for electrical insulating papermanufacture for transformers and its implementation on the
project coordinators plant
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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Composites board with High Content of Mineral Fibers for SealingMaterials
Researches for to obtain a special cardboard used in theautomotive industry (internal combustion engines), with themain characteristics:
Good mechanical strength Flexibility
Resistance to motor oil, gasoline, antifreeze solution and hightemperature
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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SPECIAL PACKAGING MATERIALS FROM CELLULOSIC FIBERS
AVIABLE ALTERNATIVE FOR FOODSTUFFS PROTECTION ANDSAFETY
Scope: Increasing of alimentary safety degree throughdeveloping a manufacturing technology for packaging that
assures the compatibility of food-packaging system
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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RESEARCH STRATEGIES CONCERNING THE ASSESSMENT OF THE STATEOF CONSERVATION AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW MATERIALS
AND TECHNIQUES IN THE RESTORATION AND CONSERVATIONPROCESS OF ANCIENT BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS ENSURING THECULTURAL HERITAGE PERENNIALITY AT COMMUNITARIAN LEVEL
Scope: development of technologies appropriaterestoration and conservation stationer support for text
and image
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
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AN OPPORTUNITY FOR FUTURE ARCHIVES:DISINFECTION BY TREATMENT WITH IONIZING
RADIATION
Scope: establishing a treatment methodology for biodecontaminationsuitable for preservation of archives and cultural heritage documents
REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS- National Research and Development Programme -
RESEARCH EUROPEAN PROGRAMMES
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RESEARCH EUROPEAN PROGRAMMES
COST Programme: (Forest Products and their Services)
E1- Paper Recyclability
E11Characterization methods for cellulose fibres and papers
E14Zero liquid effluent papermaking
E17Microbiology in papermaking
E26- Effective solutions to reduce the impact of waste arisings from the
papermaking processE32Characterization of Paper Surfaces for Improved Printing Paper
Grades
E36- Modeling and Simulation in Pulp and Paper Industry.
E46Improvements in the Understanding and Use of De-inking Technology
E48- The limits of paper recycling
FP1003 Impact of renewable materials in packaging for sustainability development of renewable fibre and bio-based materials for new
packaging applications
FP 1005- Fibre suspension flow modelling - a key for innovation and competitiveness
in the pulp & paper industry
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PUBLICATIONS AND SIMPOSIA
CEPROHART is coordinator of following publications:
Celuloza i Hrtie magazine Technical Information Bulletin
Ceprohart organizes the international SymposiumTechnologies and Equipments for Pulp and
Paper Industry