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Ion Exchange Application in Power Plant
Mixed Bed/DemineralizationCondensate Polisher
Stator Cooler Generator
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Definition of Ion Exchange
The reversible transfer of ion between a solid and a liquidwithout change in the structure of the solid
Only dissolved ions participate in ion exchange, othercontaminants may be filtered or absorbed
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Ion Exchange Process
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Resin Resin
H+
Cation
+ Cation + H+
Water Water
Cation Resin :
Service
Regeneration
Resin Resin
OH _
+ Anion + OH _
Water Water
AnionService
Regeneration
Anion Resin :
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Ion Exchange Process
H+
+ OH H2ODemin water
(High purity water)
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Resin Type6
GEL TYPE RESIN MACROPOROUS TYPE RESIN
Physical strength depend on the percentageof Divinylbenzene (DVB).Exchange capacity higher.
Harder & stronger resin more resistant tooxidative and physical stress attack.Exchange capacity lower.
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UPS VS NON UPS RESIN7
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Summary of Ion Exchange Resin andEffectsEffect of Temperature
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Summary of Ion Exchange Resin andEffectsEffect of Oxidation
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Summary of Ion Exchange Resin andEffectsEffect of Foulants
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Nalco capability :Supply Resin
Resin Analysis (Chemical &Physical Properties)
Chemical : Resin Cleaner
Audit for Demin PlantImprovement
Chemical package for
regeneration (with value addedservice)
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Resin AnalysisResin Analys is w i l l ana lyzed :
Chemical properties - the capacity of the resin to remove ions
Physical properties - the percentage of whole, cracked andbroken resin beads
Mix - the percentage of cations and anions
Regeneration Efficiency (if applicable)
Organic Fouling (if applicable)
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Some th ings y ou m ay learn f rom a res in analys is :
Whether total replacement of the resin bed is necessary
Whether a problem is due to poor resin condition or operationalproblems
How much longer the resin should last if operating conditionsremain constant
Whether or not to "top off" the resin bed
Efficiency of the regeneration process
If the ratio of cation resin to anion resin in a mixed bed unit iscorrect
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Resin Analysis13
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Resin Analysis14
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Nalco Resin CleanerNALCLEAN 8900, its effective for removing fouling (organic &inorganic)
NALCLEAN 8940, its effective to remove scaling
NALCO RESIN RINSE 7290 E, used to remove insoluble matter fromthe surface of cation exchange resins, remove of organic matter,
such as humates, lignins, tannins and some fatty acids, removes thehydrophobic bacterial slime layer that is often the result of organiccontamination
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To separate cation and anion resin To remove broken resin To remove suspended solid
BACKWASH
Please check for resin manufacture standard for backwash.
Be careful for resin comes out from during backwash step.
Best Practices Regeneration
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Monitor highest anion resin level during backwashFreeboard
Ion Exchange Resin Bed
Sight Glass
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2
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Monitor interface cation & anion resin during backwash
Monitor interface cation & anion resin after backwash
BACKWASH
Best Practices Regeneration
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To recover resin performance (after exhaustion) with replacinganion & cation which absorbed by anion and cation resin with HClor H2SO4 for cation resin & NaOH for anion resin
3 type for regeneration process (based on regenerant injection mode) :
1. Co-current - countercurrent2. Co-current Co-current
3. Simultan
REGENERATION
Best Practices Regeneration
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CO-CURRENT CO-CURRENT
NaOH
solution(4 5 %)
Deminwater (forbalancing)
Middleoutline
Drain out
Caustic Injection
Demin
water (forbalancing)
Drain out
Middleoutline
Acid Injection
HCl solution(4 5 %)
Best Practices Regeneration
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CO-CURRENT COUNTERCURRENT
NaOH
solution(4 5 %)
Deminwater (forbalancing)
Middleoutline
Drain out
Caustic Injection
Demin
water (forbalancing)
HCl solution(4 5 %)
Middleoutline
Drain out
Acid Injection
Best Practices Regeneration
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SIMULTAN
NaOH
solution(4 5 %)
HCl solution(4 5 %)
Middleoutline
Drain out
Caustic & Acid Injection
Best Practices Regeneration
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SLOW RINSE
To penetrate regenerant into pore resin bead
Best Practices Regeneration
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FAST RINSE
To remove residual regenerant from cation & anion resin (orprevent regenerant cross contaminant which can reduce cycletime of mixed bed)
Best Practices Regeneration
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Best Practices Regeneration
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Case Study Improper Backwash26
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Case Study Fluctuation of RegenerantConcentration
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Case Study Organic & In Organic Fouling
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Thank You.