Amy Wangdahl, CSPDirector, Office of Maritime and Agriculture
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
• Enforcement Update• Hot Issues• Standards and Guidance• I2P2 Game
Enforcement UpdateOSHA Staff (Federal)2,305 (2012)
Regional Offices 10Local Area Offices 90CSHOS ~ 865Consultation ~ 150
Workers 130 millionWorksites 8 million
FY 2009 – FY 2013Inspections Conducted
39,004 40,993 40,648 40,961
30,027
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
As of July 5 2013
As of July 5 2013
FY 2009 – FY 2013% Programmed vs. % Unprogrammed
62%
38%
60%
40%
58%
42%
56%
44%
59%
41%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
Programmed Unprogrammed
FY 2009 – FY 2013% Complaint Inspections
17% 20% 21% 23% 24%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013 % Inspections In-Compliance
25% 23% 24% 24% 27%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013Total Violations Issued
87,66396,742
85,51378,727
59,022
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013% Total Violations Issued As Serious
77% 77%73% 73% 76%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013% Total Violations Issued As Serious, Willful, Repeat, & Unclass
81% 82% 78% 77% 80%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013 % NIC Inspections With Only Other-Than-Serious Violations Cited
10% 10% 11% 12% 11%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013 % Inspections With Violations Contested
7% 8% 11% 11%7%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013Average Current Penalty Per Serious Violation
$970 $1,053
$2,133 $2,153$2,023
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013% Construction Inspections
61% 60%56% 55% 53%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
FY 2009 – FY 2013Significant Cases
120
164
215 219
131
0
50
100
150
200
250
FY09 FY10 FY11* FY12* FY'13*
* FY’11 – FY’13 figures include cases under OSHA’s revised significant case procedures and new penalty system.
.
FY 2009 – FY 2013Egregious Cases
4
20
14
42
0
5
10
15
20
25
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
1. Employer had knowledge of hazard
2. Made no reasonable effort to eliminate the hazard
3. One of these factors:• Fatality or large
number of injuries • High rates of
injuries/illnesses over time
• Extensive history of prior violations
• Employer conduct = bad faith
FY 2009 – FY 2013Fatality Investigations
797 804 820 848
579
0
250
500
750
1,000
1,250
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
Maritime Fatalities – FY 2013FY 2013 – 7 fatalities reported
4 – Longshoring Fall from scaffold Drowning Worker caught between 2 steel beams Worker crushed by crane
Fatalities – FY 2012Shipyards - 6
Fall from deck of yacht to concrete dock
Natural causes (2)Struck by
pressurized sand blast pot lid
Shipbreaking – struck by section of rake
Crushed by falling load of steel plates
Longshoring - 6Caught between mast
and overhead of forkliftRun over by forkliftCrushed by falling
containerStruck by steel roll pinsStruck by moving
craneFall from suspended
platform
FY 2013Top 10 Most Cited StandardsGeneral Industry1.Hazard Communication2.Electrical, Wiring Methods3.Lockout/Tagout4.Respiratory Protection5.Powered Industrial Trucks6.Machine Guarding7.Electrical, General Requirements8.Bloodborne Pathogens9.Personal Protective Equipment10.Guarding Floor & Wall Openings
Construction1. Fall Protection2. Scaffolding3. Ladders4. Fall Protection, Training
Requirements5. Hazard
Communication6. Head Protection7. Eye & Face Protection8. Excavation Requirements9. Aerial Lifts10. Safety & Health
Provisions
FY 2013Top 10 Most Cited Standards For Maritime Industry)
1. Respiratory Protection
2. Hazard Communication
3. Electrical, Wiring Methods
4. Electrical, General Requirements
5. Electrical, Wiring Design & Protection
6. Powered Industrial Trucks
7. First Aid & Lifesaving Facilities
8. Abrasive Wheel Machinery
9. Machine Guarding
10.Cranes & Derricks
FY 2013Top Standards WithThe Most Willful Violations Cited
1. Fall Protection2. Excavation3. General Duty Clause4. Machine Guarding
Maritime Steering CommitteeMeets in conjunction with MACOSH to discuss maritime industry and OSHA maritime concerns
Members:National OfficeTraining InstituteSalt Lake City Technical Center
Regional Representatives: Region 1 Katie Nishimura Region 2 Kevin SullivanRegion 3 Angelo Costa Region 4 John
VosRegion 5 Bill Donovan Region 6 David DoucetRegion 7 Brian Drake Region 8 (No Maritime)Region 9 Jack Reich Region 10 Randy White
Maritime DirectivesShipyard Employment (“Tool Bag”) Directive - 2006 ***Longshoring/Marine Terminal (“Tool Shed”) Directive - 2012Authority Over Vessels/Facilities on or Adjacent to US Navigable
Waters/Outer Continental Shelf (“Jurisdiction”) Directive – 2010Maritime Cargo Gear Regulations/1919 Certification Directive –
2003 ***Subpart T – Commercial Diving Operations - 2011Subpart B – Confined/Enclosed Spaces and Other Dangerous
Atmospheres in Shipyard Employment – 2010Subpart I – Enforcement Guidance for PPE in Shipyards - 2011 OSHA Field Operations Manual (FOM) - Chapter 10 Maritime -
2011National Emphasis Program (NEP) on Shipbreaking - 2010
***Currently Updating
Hot IssuesWorkplace Violence
As of 2/28/13 – six citations (5(a)(1)) have been issued in health care and social services setting
One to correctional facilityFour to night retail establishments12 Hazard Alert Letters
Health HazardsMethylene Chloride – bathtub refinishersDiesel exhaustSilica during hydraulic fracturing
Hot IssuesHeat campaign
Raise awareness of hazards of working outdoors in hot weather
Directive issued in July 2012 to expedite inspections and citation issuance
Region 6 (Dallas) has LEPConducted 140 heat related inspections
Temporary WorkersReports of temporary workers killed 1irst day on
the jobTraining was inadequateOSHA will continue to ensure these workers are
protected using enforcement, outreach and training
• MACOSH• Regulatory Agenda• Guidance Documents
MACOSHLast meeting of 2010-2012 Charter – July
2012 – Seattle, WARequest for Nominations – August, 2012Notice of Reestablishment of Charter – April,
2013
Previous Charter Accomplishments:Shipyard Workgroup – 8 recommendationsLongshore Workgroup – 13 recommendations
Regulatory Agenda Update
Published July 3, 2013Final RulesItems Nearing ProposalNew Major InitiativesRecently Completed Actions
Final RulesElectric Power Generation, Transmission and
Distribution (Subpart V)1910 and 1926 standards will be the sameMost industries already in compliance with proposalSeveral new provisions increase protection for
electrical power workersExpected to publish July 2013
Walking Working Surfaces and Personal Fall Protection (Subparts D&I)Updates standards for slips, trips and fall and
establishes requirements for personal fall protection systems
Expected to publish November 2013Vertical Tandem Lifts (Remand)
Two provisions not being enforced, court ordered remand
New date of April 2014
Items Nearing ProposalSilica – NPRM anticipated in July 2013Beryllium – NPRM anticipated in October
2013Revocation of Periodic Records – NPRM/DFR
anticipated in July 2013This rule will revoke requirements for
employers to prepare and maintain periodic records certifying that the employer performed the required tests and inspections on machinery
Other Major InitiativesCombustible Dust
Injury and Illness Prevention Program
Infectious Diseases
Review/Lookback of OSHA Chemical Management Standards
Process Safety Management and Flammable Liquids
Combustible DustPurpose: To address combustible dust hazards
through a comprehensive standardANPRM published in 2009, stakeholder
meetings in 2009 and 2010; Expert Forum held 2011
Current regulatory initiatives:Regulatory alternatives under developmentEconomic impacts being assessed
Next Step: Initiate SBREFAConcurrent guidance initiatives
Injury & Illness Prevention ProgramPurpose:
Protect worker safety and health by requiring employers to implement an injury and illness prevention program
Six core elements: Management leadership, Worker Participation, Hazard Identification, hazard prevention and control, education and training, and Program evaluation and improvement
2010 – Series of stakeholder meeting held
SBREFA Next Steps:
Complete the SBREFA processPublish Proposed Rule
Infectious DiseasesPurpose:
Protect workers in health care and high-risk environments from infectious disease hazards
TB, chicken pox/shingles, measles and emerging diseases such as SARS and pandemic flu
Published RFI in May 2010
Next Steps:
Initiate SBREFA
Review/Lookback of OSHA Chemical Management StandardsPurposes:
1) explore ways to more efficiently update PELs,
2) explore non-PEL options for managing exposure to chemicals,
3) inform stakeholders & public of regulatory and legal framework in which OSHA must operate
Next Steps: Publish RFI
Process Safety Management and Flammable LiquidsPurpose:
Consider the revision of the Process Safety Management standard to address gaps in safety coverage or an update of the Flammable Liquids and Spray Finishing standards based on the latest consensus standards
Next Steps:Publish RFI
Recently Completed ActionsHazard Communication/GHS
Consensus Standards Updates – Signage
Consensus Standards Updates – PPE-Head Protection
Consensus Standards Updates – Acetylene
Hazard Communication 2012Final Rule published in the Federal
Register on March 26th, 2012
Hazard Communication website provides additional information, guidance materials:
http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.html
Consensus Standard Update – Head ProtectionUpdates consensus standards referenced
in OSHA Head Protection Standards
Significant Z89.1 changes – permits additional testing for: Hard hats worn backwardsHelmets at colder temperaturesFor high visibility coloring of helmets
DFR published November 16, 2012
Consensus Standard Update - SignageUpdates the reference to the version of consensus
standards (1967 version of ANSI Z53.1 Safety Code for Marking Physical Hazards and the Identification of Certain Equipment; 1968 version of ANSI Z53.1 Specification for Accident Prevention Signs) included in three OSHA standards (1910.97, Nonionizing radiation; 1910.145, Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags; and 1910.261, Pulp, paper, and paper-board mills).
NPRM/DFR published June 13, 2013
NPRM comment period ends July 15, 2013
Direct Final Rule effective September 11, 2013
Standards Improvement Project IVPURPOSE:
Eliminate unnecessary paperworkClarify or eliminate unnecessary employer
dutiesUpdate standards and eliminate
inconsistencies or duplicationMiscellaneous revisions
RFI published December, 2012
• Shipyard• Longshoring/Marine Terminals• Soon to be completed
Shipyard Guidance ProductsAll online – not printed yet ***Eye Protection Against Radiant Energy (Spanish translation)
Working Alone in Shipyards (Fact Sheet)
Hot Work on Hollow or Enclosed Structures in Shipyard Employment (Quick Card & Fact Sheet)
Ventilation in Shipyard Employment
Guidelines for Safe Entry and Cleaning of Vessel Sewage Tanks (Fact Sheet)
Longshore /Marine Terminals Guidance Products Mechanics Working in the Yard during Marine
Terminal Operations (Quick Card) Mechanics Working on Power Equipment in the
Yard in Marine Terminals (Quick Card & Fact Sheet)
Freeing Inoperable Semi Freeing Inoperable Semi-Automatic Twist Locks (SATLs)
Working Safely on the Apron or Highline during Marine Terminal Operations (Quick Card)
Servicing Multi-piece and Single-piece Wheel Rims (Quick Card)
Top and Side Handler Safety (Quick Card)The Safety of Intermodal Containers Repair (Fact
Sheet)
Guidance DocumentsComing Soon….Shipyards:Electrical SHIPSShipyard eTool UpdateShipyard DigestSafe Lighting Practices in Shipyard Employment (Quick Card)Hazard Communication in Maritime (Fact Sheet)
Longshoring:Single-Piece and Multi-Piece Rim Wheels (Fact sheet) Dock Rail Safety (Fact Sheet)Hot Work on Hollow and Enclosed Structures (Fact Sheet)Recovery of Person in the Water (Guidance Document)Log Handling Operations (Guidance Document)Longshore Digest
Well-designed simulation or game-based learning applications work because they leverage many known principles of active learning environments.
Motivation: Structures of engagement from game design ensure learners stay motivated throughout the learning experience.Retrieval: Learners are asked to use knowledge immediately, cementing each new idea through application.Goal-directed practice: Knowledge and skills are reinforced through focused, relevant practice.Targeted feedback: Actionable feedback is provided so that learners can make meaningful progress with each round of practice.
Help users understand key elements of the hazard identification process.Collect informationObserve/inspect workplaceInvestigate incidentsInvolve workersPrioritize hazards*
Apply the elements together to identify hazards.
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Help employers get better at identifying hazards in their workplaces.
Understand the importance of Hazard Identification as a key to good business and protecting workers.
Point to OSHA resources Website Pamphlets Consulting group
51
Parts Manufacturing 20 weeks 75-90 hazards 15 workers 14 pieces of equipment
Small Store 30 days 3 Phases 40-50 hazards/phase ~10 worker/phase
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Time: Used to complete actions in the game.Can be converted to profit.
Profit: Earned based on your remaining time.Can be used to fix hazards.
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Random hazards occur in a set number at the start of each game.
Hazards can cause accidents until they are controlled even if they haven’t been discovered.
Since some mitigations lose effectiveness over time some hazards will recur after they have been controlled.
Incidents are chosen probabilistically between turns, based on the number and type of unmitigated hazards that exist in the scenario.
Incidents automatically cost the player a certain amount of money (referencing the Safety Pays program).
A description of the incident is given, along with a chance to conduct an investigation.
Member of a Safety Committee:
10 actions to find as many hazards as possible in one area of the Manufacturing Facility
Talk to co-workers
Inspect area/equipment
Search “paper” resources
Four Equipment Inspection Games
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58
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http://www.etceteraedutainment.com/demo/hazid/