KEVLAR
Poly-Para-Phenylene-Terephthalamide[-CO-C6H4-CO-NH-C6H4-NH-]n
Let’s just call it...
ME46100 – Material ScienceDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringThe Grove School of EngineeringDec 20th, 2011
Speakers:Banga, BankaJohn-Louis, CaryPosluk, Erhan
Overview:• Brief History
- Who invented Kevlar?• Structure• Properties
- Mechanical- Electrical
• Processing- How is Kevlar made?
- Performance- Body Armor- Flexible risers- Kevlar reinforced tires
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Brief HistoryBanga, Banka
Structure
Properties
Processing
Performance
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History of Kevlar:
Inventor: Stephanie Kwolek- Born in 1923- Developed Kevlar at Dupont in the year 1965
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KEVLAR
Brief History
StructurePosluk, Erhan
Properties
Processing
Performance
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KEVLAR
KEVLAR
Brief History
Structure
PropertiesJohn-Louis, Cary
Processing
Performance
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KEVLAR
KEVLAR
Brief History
Structure
Properties
ProcessingBanga, Banka
Performance
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Different types of Kevlar:
Kevlar is available in many different forms:- Kevlar XP- Kevlar 29- Kevlar 49- Kevlar 100- Kevlar 119- Kevlar 129
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How is Kevlar made?
[1,4-phenylene-diamine + terephthaloyl chloride] [ poly-para-phenyleneterephthalamide]
Kevlar is made in two stages:1) Chemistry: The basic plastic (poly-para-phenyleneterephthalamide) is produced.2) Practical Material: The chemical product is turned into long fibers called ‘Kevlar’.
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Source: DuPont
Making Kevlar fiber step-by-step:KEVLAR
Trans vs. cis conformation:
Figure (a) & (b) shows trans and cis conformation of amide groups in Nylon 6,6. And, figure (c) & (d) shows cis conformation of amide groups in Kevlar
(a)
(c) (d)
(b)
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Trans-conformation of Kevlar:
Figure (a) & (b) shows trans conformation of amide groups in Kevlar.
(a)
(b)
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Brief History
Structure
Properties
Processing
Performance
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Applications of Kevlar: Personal ArmorKevlar is used in personal armor:
- Resistant to cut, high impact and heat.
Combat helmets
Bullet-proof face masks
Bullet-proof vests
Source: DuPontSource: Personal Armor, Wikipedia
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Applications of Kevlar: Kevlar Reinforced Risers
The benefits of risers reinforced with Kevlar over steel risers are:- Light and easy to handle- Can be spooled for transportation- Can be laid quickly- No welding is necessary- Rapid installation- Long life- Minimum maintenance- Improve operating cost- Corrosion resistant- Do not deteriorate in terms of flow performance-
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Applications of Kevlar: Kevlar Reinforced Tires
Source: Dannyid, Flickr.Source: http://sinozhome.en.china.cn
Kevlar is used in tires to preventpuncture due to its excellent heat resistance.
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KEVLAR
Other Applications:
• Reinforcement in car tyres• Automobile part.• Building material.
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KEVLAR