+ All Categories
Transcript
  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    1/32

    1

    Measuring GHGEmissions

    Energizing Cleaner Production

    Management Course

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    2/32

    2

    Session Agenda:

    GHG types and sources

    GHG Indicator to calculateemissions

    GHG accounting and reporting

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    3/32

    3

    task 1a: Meeting with top management

    task 1b: Form a Team and inform staff

    task 1c: Pre-assessment to collect general information

    task 1d: Select focus areas

    task 1e: Prepare assessment proposal for top management approval

    Step 1: Planning and Organization

    task 2a: Staff meeting and training

    task 2b: Prepare focus area flow charts

    task 2c: Walkthrough of focus areas

    task 2d: Quantify inputs and outputs and costs to establish a baseline

    task 2e: Quantify losses through a material and energy balance

    Step 2: Assessment

    task 3a: Determine causes of losses

    task 3b: Identify possible options

    task 3c: Screen options for feasibility analysis

    Step 3: Identification of Options

    task 4a: Technical, economic and environmental evaluation of opt ions

    task 4b: Rank feasible options for implementation

    task 4c: Prepare implementation and monitoring proposal for top

    management approval

    task 5a: Implement options and monitor results

    task 5b: Evaluation meeting with top management

    Step 5: Implementation and Monitoring of Options

    task 6a: Prepare proposal to continue with energy efficiency for top

    management approval

    Step 6: Continuous Improvement

    Step 4: Feasibility Analysis of Options

    task 1a: Meeting with top management

    task 1b: Form a Team and inform staff

    task 1c: Pre-assessment to collect general information

    task 1d: Select focus areas

    task 1e: Prepare assessment proposal for top management approval

    Step 1: Planning and Organization

    task 2a: Staff meeting and training

    task 2b: Prepare focus area flow charts

    task 2c: Walkthrough of focus areas

    task 2d: Quantify inputs and outputs and costs to establish a baseline

    task 2e: Quantify losses through a material and energy balance

    Step 2: Assessment

    task 3a: Determine causes of losses

    task 3b: Identify possible options

    task 3c: Screen options for feasibility analysis

    Step 3: Identification of Options

    task 4a: Technical, economic and environmental evaluation of opt ions

    task 4b: Rank feasible options for implementation

    task 4c: Prepare implementation and monitoring proposal for top

    management approval

    task 5a: Implement options and monitor results

    task 5b: Evaluation meeting with top management

    Step 5: Implementation and Monitoring of Options

    task 6a: Prepare proposal to continue with energy efficiency for top

    management approval

    Step 6: Continuous Improvement

    Step 4: Feasibility Analysis of Options

    But first

    In what step(s)of themethodologyis (energy and)GHG

    measurementrelevant?

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    4/32

    4

    GHG types and sources:

    Greenhouse Gases

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    5/32

    5

    GHG types and sources:

    GHG sources

    Industrial sources Fuel use

    Electricity use

    Industrial processes Transport

    Non-industry and natural sources Volcanoes

    Cattle

    Forest fires

    Others

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    6/32

    6

    Sources of GHG: industrial processes

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    7/32

    7

    GHG Indicator

    Based on UNEP/IPCC methodologyfor GHG emission calculations

    Provides common method for reporting

    GHG emissions

    Used by organizations to calculate

    GHG emissions from energy use and

    other sources

    Used by Governments to translate

    national GHG targets (e.g. Kyoto

    Protocol) to industrial targets

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    8/32

    8

    GHG Indicator:Methodology

    2. Electricityuse

    1. Fuel use

    4. Transport

    3. Industrialprocesses

    Raw data Conversion Aggregation Normalisation

    GHGemission factor

    TotalGHG

    emissions

    NormalisedGHG

    emissions

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    9/32

    9

    GHG Indicator:1. Fuel Use

    Fuel Annual FuelConsumption(Tons)

    EmissionFactor tCO2

    t CO2-equivalent

    Coal 500 X 1.85 = 925

    Refinerystock

    3502 X 3.25 = 11382

    Petroleumcoke

    45 X 3.09 = 139

    TOTAL 4047 12446

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    10/32

    10

    GHG Indicator:2. Electricity Use

    Exported electricity is not included in

    the total

    Electricity Annualelectricityconsumption(kWh)

    EmissionFactor tCO2

    t CO2equivalent

    Imported 1,000,000 X 0.000618 = 61.80

    Exported 100,000 X 0.000618 = 6.18

    TOTAL 900,000 55.62

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    11/32

    11

    GHG Indicator:3. Industrial Processes

    CO2 is released when lime is burned

    Emissionsource

    Annualconsumption(tonnes)

    EmissionFactor tCO2

    t CO2equivalent

    CFC 11 0.1 X 3400 = 340Lime 10,000 X 0.396 = 3960

    TOTAL 4300

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    12/32

    12

    GHG Indicator:4. Transport

    Transportmode

    Annual travel(km)

    EF tCO2 /km

    t CO2equivalent

    Car

    Petrol

    20,000 0.00019 = 3.8

    Car

    Diesel

    100,000 0.00016 = 16

    Train 150,000 0.00034 = 51

    TOTAL 270,000 70.8

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    13/32

    13

    GHG Indicator:Aggregation

    Source t CO2equivalent

    1 Fuel use 12446

    2 Electricity use 55.62

    3 Industrial process 4300

    4 Transport 70.8

    TOTAL 16872

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    14/32

    14

    GHG Indicator:

    Normalisation

    Normalisingfactor

    Annualfigures

    t CO2 Normalisedt CO2

    Turnover $ 20,000,000 16872 0.000844

    Added value $ 500,00016872

    0.033744

    Employees 500 16872 33.744

    Units ofproduction

    1,350,000tonnes

    16872 0.012498

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    15/32

    15

    GHG Indicator:

    Reporting

    Year Total tCO2

    Production(tonnes)

    Normalisedt CO2

    1990 16872 1,350,000 0.012498

    1991 18823 1,500,000 0.012549

    .

    2002 24267 2,000,000 0.012134

    43.8% 2.9%

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    16/32

    16

    GHG Indicator:

    GHG Indicators by sector

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    17/32

    17

    GHG Indicator Quiz

    Lets test what you have learnt!

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    18/32

    18

    GHG Accounting and Reporting

    Reasons for GHG accounting andreporting

    Internal reporting to measure progress

    against targets & identify EE opportunities

    Legal requirement to report

    Voluntary reporting under programs

    Public environmental / CSR reports Emissions trading schemes

    CDM or JI

    Other

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    19/32

    19

    GHG Accounting and Reporting

    The GHG Protocol lists 5accounting & reporting principles:

    Relevance Completeness

    Consistency

    Transparency Accuracy

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    20/32

    20

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Relevance

    Define boundaries:

    Organizational structures

    Operational boundaries Business context

    Specific inclusions / exclusions

    A multinational operates a plant but owns

    only 60% of shares

    Do you count 100% or 60% of emissions?

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    21/32

    21

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Completeness

    Include all GHG sources & activities

    Fuel use

    Electricity use Industrial processes

    Transport

    Sometimes companies do not include all

    emission sources / activities

    Can you think of reasons why?

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    22/32

    22

    #

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Completeness (cont.)

    Direct and Indirect Emissions of a Company

    Source: GHG Protocol, www.ghgprotocol.org, adapted from NZBSCD

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    23/32

    23

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Consistency

    Meaningful comparison ofemissions over time

    Production changes

    Process changes

    Acquisitions, mergers, sales

    Outsourcing

    Why is it important that GHG emissions be

    compared between different years?

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    24/32

    24

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Transparency

    It is clear how emissions werecalculated (audit trail)

    Measurements

    Assumptions Calculation methods

    References

    Exclusions or inclusions

    Who makes use of the audit trail of data?

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    25/32

    25

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Transparency (cont.)

    320 Reporting Units: Complete standard pro-forma spreadsheet every

    quarter: emissions & forecasts Account for variances

    Use BPs GHG Reporting Guidelines

    Corporate Team Check quality of incoming data Compile data Analyze emission inventory and forecast against BPs

    GHG target

    Independent External Auditors Review of inventory Provide assurance on data quality & accuracy

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    26/32

    26

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:

    Accuracy

    Data must be materially accurate

    Measurement methods

    Calculation methods

    Aggregation and reporting

    What can a company do to improve data

    accuracy?

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    27/32

    27

    Minimum information to be reported

    Company and inventory boundary

    Organizational boundaries

    Operational boundaries

    Reporting period

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:Reporting Emissions

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    28/32

    28

    Minimum information to be reported

    Information on emissions Direct (scope 1) and indirect (scope 2)

    emissions total and separate Emissions for 6 GHGs

    Current and base year emissions

    Significant changes since base year

    Direct CO2 emissions from biologicallysequestered carbon

    Methodologies for calculation/measurement

    Specific exclusions

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:Reporting Emissions (cont.)

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    29/32

    29

    Verification is objective assessment of Accuracy and completeness of GHG

    information

    Conformity to GHG accounting and reportingprinciples

    Why verification?

    Increased credibility of reported emissions Increased senior management confidence

    Improved accounting & reporting

    Preparation for mandatory verification

    requirements

    GHG Accounting and Reporting:Verification of GHG Emissions

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    30/32

    30

    GHG emission accounting andreporting increasingly important

    GHG Indicator useful tool to calculateGHG emissions

    Dont assume data company gives you

    are accurate and complete!! (think of

    the 5 principles)

    Verification improves the credibility /reliability of GHG data

    Summary

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    31/32

    31

    Measuring GHG

    Emissions

    Thank you for your attention!

  • 7/31/2019 Measuring GHG Emissions - Presentation

    32/32

    32

    This training session was prepared as part of the

    development and delivery of the course Energizing

    Cleaner Production funded by InWent, Internationale

    Weiterbildung und Entwicklung (Capacity Building

    International, Germany)and carried out by the United

    Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

    The session is based on UNEPs The GHG Indicator

    (www.uneptie.org/energy/tools/ghgin/index.htm) andthe WBCSD/WRIs The GHG Protocol- A Corporate

    Accounting and Reporting Standard, revised edition

    (www.ghgprotocol.org)

    Acknowledgements


Top Related