Mediterranean Europe
Spain
Portugal
Italy
Greece
Mediterranean Europe
I. Region of tradition
-home of ancient civilizations
-democracy started here (Greeks)
-protection of people’s rights (Rome)
II. Iberian Peninsula
-center of commerce since the age of
exploration
II. Iberian Peninsula
A. Spain
1. History
-dominated by wars
-first fought between the Christians
and the Muslims
-Spanish Inquisition
II. Iberian Peninsula
A. Spain
2. Physical Characteristics
II. Iberian Peninsula
A. Spain3. Climate
-mostly Mediterranean Climate -Northern Spain:
plenty of rain to grow crops -Meseta:
dry farming is used -Southern Spain
Siroccos- hot, dry winds from Africa grow citrus fruits and olives
II. Iberian Peninsula
A. Spain4. Economic Activities
-shift from agriculture to industry -major export is transportation
equipment -major cities
i. Bilboa: -steel town
ii. Barcelona -largest port -textiles and plastic
II. Iberian Peninsula
A. Spain5. People
i. heavy settlement around Madrid *hub of Spain due to its central
location *problems of heavy traffic and air pollution
II. Iberian PeninsulaA. Spain
5. People i. heavy settlement around Madrid *hub of Spain due to its central location
*problems of heavy traffic and air pollution ii. Culture *Basques -northern Spain -practice cultural divergence -very independent *Catalon -southern Spain -speak mixture of French and Spanish
King Juan Carlos I
Mariano Rajoy
II. Iberian Peninsula
B. Portugal
-small, compact country
1. Physical Characteristics
II. Iberian Peninsula
B. Portugal
2. Economic Activities
-Farming:
II. Iberian Peninsula
B. Portugal3. Trade
-once traded around the world -joined the European Union in 1986
4. Today -similar to Spain (Republic) -moving to industry and service jobs
-increasing its literacy rate
III. Italy
A. Physical Characteristics
III. Italy
B. People-cities are overpopulated-moving from the farm to look for jobs-high unemployment in the south-more industrial in the North
C. Economic Activities-steel industry-fashion
D. Regions of Italy
III. Italy
North Central South
•European Italy•Po River Valley- center of commercial industry•Major cities -Milan -Turin -Genoa -Venice
III. Italy
D. Regions of Italy
North Central South
•European Italy•Po River Valley- center of commercial industry•Major cities -Milan -Turin -Genoa -Venice
•All about Rome•Heavily influenced by Roman Catholic Church•Other cities: Bologna Florence
III. Italy
D. Regions of Italy
North Central South
•European Italy•Po River Valley- center of commercial industry•Major cities -Milan -Turin -Genoa -Venice
•All about Rome•Heavily influenced by Roman Catholic Church•Other cities: Bologna Florence
•Mezzogiorno
•Poor region
•Many have migrated to the North
•Naples: major city
III. ItalyE. History
1. 700 BC: -village of Rome grows to become the Roman Empire
2. 400’s AD: -Roman Empire collapsed -city-states develop and become major centers of trade
3. 1350-1500’s: -Renaissance
-began in Florence and soon spread to all of Europe
III. ItalyE. History
4. 1861:
-Italy becomes a unified nation
-led by Giuseppe Garibaldi
5. Today:
-Parliamentary Government
IV. Greece
A. People and Environments
-land of over 2,000 islands
-3/4th of the land is mountainous
IV. Greece
A. People and Environments1. Economic Activities -lack natural resources
-few mineral resources-mainly :
sheep herding grow wheat, olives, citrus fruit
-only 1/5th of the land can be farmed-largest shipping fleet in the world-tourism-fishing
IV. Greece
A. People and Environments
2. urban v. rural
a. urban
Athens:
~1/3rd of the population lives here
~mix of old and new
~heavy traffic and air pollution
IV. Greece
A. People and Environments2. urban v. rural b. rural
-largely unchanged from the past
-live in isolated mountain villages -grow crops and raise sheep -village life centers around the village square
IV. Greece
B. History -birthplace of Western culture
1.Ancient Greece -beginning of theater, philosophy, and democracy
-new forms of literature-advances in geometry-Alexander the Great:
-spread Greek culture throughout the Mediterranean area
IV. Greece
B. History
2. Romans and the Turks
i. lived under Roman rule for 300 yrs.
ii. A.D. 400:
became a part of the Eastern Roman
Empire (Byzantium Empire)
iii. 1300’s-1400’s:
-taken over by the Muslim Turks
-allowed to remain Christian
IV. Greece
B. History
3. Independent Greece
-1829: gained their independence
- became a monarchy
- very unstable government
- 1967-1974: military dictatorship
- democracy today
(Third Hellenic Republic)
IV. Greece
C. Culture
1. Language and Religion
-still speak a variation of ancient
Greek
- most people belong to the Greek Orthodox
Church
2. Customs
- family-oriented