Midwestern States
Pennsylvania
In the 20th century 1-party Republican 2-party competitive.
End of Republican dominance-1934. New Deal. By 1950 competitive 2-party state. Philadelphia/Pittsburgh stayed
Republican longer than most NE cities.
Pennsylvania
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%
33.3%
66.7%
100.0%
% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party
Pennsylvania
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201030.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
% of lower controlled by democrats
% of upper house con-trolled by democrats
Democratic Control of State Assembly
Pennsylvania
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
65.0%
70.0%
National Partisan Trends
% Democratic President Vote
Pennsylvania
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
State Gov.
Citizen
State Government and Citizen Liberalism
Ohio
“The Heart of It All”
Republicans very strong on state level (farmers and business communities)
Democrats considerable power on the local level (city machines)
Both DNC and RNC designate OH as “swing state”
Ohio
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%
33.3%
66.7%
100.0%
% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party
Ohio
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201025.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
65.0%
70.0%
% of lower controlled by democrats
% of upper house con-trolled by democrats
Democratic Control of State Assembly
Ohio
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
65.0%
National Partisan Trends
% Democratic President V...
Ohio
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 20050.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
State Gov.
Citizen
Indiana
Strong Republican reputation BUT the Democrats have kept IN competitive
Fits Elazar’s “individualistic” model well Major battles within both GOP and
Democrats GOP – religious R v. moderate business
sector Democrats – industrial v. conservative south
Indiana
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%
33.3%
66.6%
99.9%
% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party
Indiana
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201020.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
% of lower con-trolled by democrats
% of upper house controlled by democrats
Democratic Control of State Assembly
Indiana
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
National Partisan Trends
% Democratic Preident Vote
Indiana
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
State Gov.
Citizen
Illinois
Alternating one-party two-party competitive
Lincoln – Illinois Republicans Chicago transformed from
Republican to Democratic Much bigger and more ethnically,
racially diverse than rest of state (up to 42% of state population)
State party offices in Chicago/Springfield
Illinois
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%
33.3%
66.7%
100.0%
% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party
Illinois
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
65.0%
70.0%
% of lower con-trolled by democrats
% of upper house controlled by democrats
Democratic Control of State Assembly
Illinois
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
55.0%
60.0%
65.0%
National Partisan Trends
% Democratic Pres-identVote
Illinois
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201010.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
State Gov.
Citizen
Explaining Partisan Trends and Changes