Monday May 19, 2014Goal: 10.9.1 Compare economic & military
power shifts caused by the war.In-class: 17.2 Communists Take Power in China
PPT NotesReflection #3: Duck and Cover
The following is a 1951 cartoon about nuclear weapons, shown in elementary schools. After watching, answer the following questions:1. Do you think doing this would have helped the Japanese victims of the atomic bomb?
2. What is the point of showing this to the public? Why would the government make this?
Homework: Section Assessment 17.3 pg. 547 #1-6
Duck and Cover…..propaganda cartoon shown in elementary schools (1951)
Think about….. Do you think doing this would have helped the
Japanese victims of the atomic bomb? What is the point of showing this to the
public?
17.2 Communists Take Power in
China
Communists vs. Nationalists
China was in a Civil War between the Nationalists & Communists
Japan invaded in 1937 and both groups united to fight against the Japanese during WWII
The Communists
Mao Zedong—leader of the Chinese Communist Party (founded in 1921)
Had a stronghold in Northwestern China
Mobilized peasants for guerilla warfare against the Japanese
Made efforts to improve food production & literacy & won support in NW China by 1945
The Nationalists
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)—leader of the Nationalist Party
Dominated Southwest China
Did not do much fighting in WWII
Instead, they saved up strength to fight Mao’s Red Army after WWII ended
Chinese Civil War Resumes
Renewed Civil War lasted from 1946-1949
Nationalist Army outnumbered the Communists & were supported by the U.S.
Nationalists could not win popular support
China’s economy collapsed as a result of WWII & thousands of soldiers & civilians switched to the Communist Party
Chinese Civil War Resumes By 1949, China’s major
cities fell to Mao’s Red Army
Jiang’s army & government fled to Taiwan
Mao’s Promises Give land back to the
peasants China became the People’s
Republic of China Signed Treaty of Friendship
with Russia (1950)
Two Chinas Taiwan or Nationalist China
Supported by U.S. Militarily weak & corrupt Weak public support
Communist or People’s Republic of China Supported by Soviets Soviet-Chinese Alliance to support each other in an
attack by the West Experienced & motivated guerilla army Strong public support
Communist China Expands
Chinese Red Army expanded into Tibet, India, & Mongolia
1950-51, brutally took over Tibet & the Dalai Lama fled to India
India harbored Tibetan refugees which increased tension between China and India
Mongolia
India
Communists Transform China
Set up two political organizations, both headed by Mao until 1959 The Communist Party National Government
Agrarian Reform Law of 1950 Mao seized land of owners & returned it to the
peasants Killed over a million people in the process
Established a 5-Year Economic Plan Plan to boost industry & business Increased output of coal, steel, concrete, & electricity
Communists Transform China
The Great Leap Forward (1958) Called for large collective farms, or
communes Peasants worked & lived there, owning
nothing Considered a failure after crop famines
killed 20 million people
China and USSR begin to compete to lead the worldwide Communist Movement by the late 1950s
The Cultural Revolution Led by the Red Guards, militias of Communist supporters
Goal: to establish a society of peasants & workers in which all were equal
Anything artistic & intellectual considered useless
Shut down colleges and schools
Intellectuals had to “purify” themselves by doing hard labor
Thousands executed & imprisoned
Chaos threatened the farm production & industry
Communist National Army was told to suppress the Red Guards & end the revolution