The Green Plan For Food Security
International Conference on Policies for Water and Food Security in Dry Areas 24th to 26th of June, Cairo, Egypt
Pr Mohamed Ait Kadi
Morocco
Content of this talk WATER
AGRICULTURE TRADE
SS
FS
ü Commercial / Non commercial Agriculture ü “Super market revolution” ü Commodity prices volatility
IWR
M
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Agriculture Matters
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Farming Systems
20-35%
5-10%
70-80 BMAD
45-50%
60-70%
3-4 Mio Jobs
35-40%
10-15%
Employment Value
Fresh 50-55%
13 BMADDH
Processed 45-50%
Exports
High value added Fruits & Vegetables
Grains & Forage
25%
7,4 Mio Ha
75%
Area
Livestock
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Importance of the Smallholders Sector
Annual income (MAD)
149 000 Tomatoes
115 000 Apples
66 000 Citrus
7 000 Olives
2 000 Wheat
The poverty trap!
1.5 mio 8.7mio Ha
Farms CL
< 5 ha
> 5 ha
70%
24%
Average: 2,1 Ha per
Holding
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
The Challenge Ø To reliably produce increasing supplies and more varieties
of food, mainly through higher yields using less water and other resource inputs in an environmentally friendly manner – and at reasonable and affordable prices for consumers
Ø This challenge must be met as the climate changes, and as
almost every input to the food production, processing and consumption chain increases in cost.
Ø This can only be done by mobilizing technology in all
kinds of agriculture including smallholders, using all sources of water and achieving much better coordination, cooperation and partnerships among the major stakeholders involved
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Generating a Virtuous Cycle
Investments
Productivity/ Quality High Value
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Building on Successes
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Operating Principles of the New Vision for Agriculture
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Agriculture a positive driver of socio-economic development &
environmental sustainability
Cross cutting Reforms + Enabling Environment
Pillar II Smallholder farming as a
business
Pillar I Robust commercial
Agriculture
Holistic/transactional Approach
Land tenure Water Trade Domestic
Market Doing business Value Chains Administration
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Pillar I: Aggressively develop a high value/ high productivity agricultural sector
Implementing advanced production & developing value- add facilities through holistic value chain interventions
700 – 900 investment projects across the country
Attract private investors while protecting social interests
Investment : 110-150 Md DH
10 years
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
« OFFRE MAROC » for Investors A WIN WIN Partnership in the context of Aggregation
Strategic aggregation program based on
contracts with clearly defined conditions for each value chain
Innovative framework of incentives (targeted subsidies, special tax regimes)
V1
Preferential land leasing V2
Preferential access to financing V3
Support of aggregation over the long- term: • Promotion • Dispute resolution/arbitration
V4
Preferential access to trade associated benefits
• Exports & logistics • Branding & Quality management • Agrotec – R&D
V5
Commitment to generate growth and investments (upstream &
downstream)
Investments, sales& value added, jobs, know-how
E2
Commtment to support aggregated farmers upstream Access to inputs and technology Uptake garanties…
E1
Commitment to fairness Policy of fair and attractive remuneration to farmers
E3
Commitments made by the State Framework of Incentives
Commitments made by aggregators
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
14
Pillar II: Smallholder farming as a business Lifting greatest number of farmers out of poverty
Investment : 15-20 Md DH
10 years
Proactive marketing to Domestic and International Investors
Strengthening capacities of social institutions for proper project implementation on the ground
Reconversion Projects
Intensification Projects
Diversification Projects
300-400 projects Catalyst for development of Oasis & Mountains
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
WATER-AGRICULTURE-TRADE
WATER
AGRICULTURE TRADE
SS
FS
ü Commercial / Non commercial Agriculture ü “Super market revolution” ü Commodity prices volatility
IWR
M
Mohamed AITKADI GWP/TEC
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Sujets de discussion • Présentez les principales idées que vous allez
développer
Morocco is a highly water stressed country with erratic rainfall and frequent droughts.
The country is reaching the end of the water development era. Water resources management is therefore shifting to the more difficult task of ensuring economically, socially and environmentally efficient water allocation within the existing water resources constraints.
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Rewable Water Resources/ca/RB
1190
853
1045
141
856
512418
1144
161
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
River Basins
Ren
ewab
le W
ater
R
esou
rces
m3/
ca
1
2 3
4
5 6
7
8
9
730 m3 /ca/year
Deficit/surplus
96
-219
1068
-35
-1468
-163 -126
11 -4
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
River Basins
Mm
3
Water resources endowment/distribution
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Morroco’s Water Issues & Constraints
• Water demand is growing fast; • Water availability is falling to crisis levels;
• Overexploitation of groundwater • Shortages are compounded by pollution
• Low water use efficiency in irrigation;
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Water Sector Reforms (1995/2009)
• The adoption of a long term strategy for an integrated water resources management;
• The development of a new legal and institutional framework to promote decentralized management and increase stakeholder participation;
• Introducing economic incentives in water allocation decisions through rational tariff and cost recovery;
• Taking capacity enhancing measures to meet institutional challenges for the management of water resources; and
• Establishing effective monitoring and control of water quality to reduce environmental degradation
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
§ Objectives
§ Cost: 37 BMAD
1. Convert 550 000 Ha to drip irrigation (2008-2020)
>220 000 Ha collective projects >330 000 Ha individuals • Increase irrigation efficiency and water productivity
THE NATIONAL IRRIGATION WATER SAVINGS PROGRAMME
§ Impacts: Savings: 1.4 Km3
Upper Catchment
Basin Agencies Irrigation agencies WUA/Farmers
Watershed Reservoir Conveyance & Distribution
System Farm
Evaporation Evapotranspiration
Evaporation
Seepage Operation
Seepage Run off Deep percolation
Leaching
Phreatophytes
Return flow and aquifer recharge
* Reforestation and watershed management
* Water resource database * Decision support systems * Coordination * Control
* O. & M. * Rehabilitation * WUA * PPP
* Cropping patterns * crop productivity .*Irrigation technologies and practices * pricing
-
- A System wide approach
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
100,000
300,000
500,000
700,000
900,000 20
02
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Hectares
Area converted to drip irrigation
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
WATER-AGRICULTURE-TRADE NEXUS
WATER
AGRICULTURE TRADE
SS
FS
ü Commercial / Non commercial Agriculture ü “Super market revolution” ü Commodity prices volatility
IWR
M
Mohamed AITKADI GWP/TEC
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Sujets de discussion • Présentez les principales idées que vous allez
développer With its heavy dependence on imports of wheat, maize, oilseeds and energy for domestic consumption Morocco has been severely hit by rising world food and oil prices. This has raised serious concerns about food security, macroeconomic and social stability
FOOD IMPORTS/TOTAL IMPORTS (%)
6
6,5
7
7,5
8
8,5
9
9,5
10
10,5
11
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
FOOD EXPORTS/FOOD IMPORTS
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Ø We need a trading system that draws on the expertise of every nation and returns to every nation a more diverse and above all secure supply of food.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE is not an option > it is a necessity !
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
26
Proj
et
64
54 46
56 61
75 79
69
86
68
79
104 102 107
99
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
AGRICULTURAL GDP -Price Base 1998 -
AV (5 years) 98 BMAD
AV (5 years) 75 BMAD
TOTAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: 43% 2005-2007 VS 2011 Food availability/capita: 14% Employements: 77,000 EPJ
Citrus : + 28% (1.251.000 T > 1.599.000 T)
Olives : + 67% (774.00 T > 1.295.000 T)
Poultry: + 40% (363.000 T > 508.000 T)
Meat: + 17% de 363.000 T > 426.000 T
Milk : + 21% (1,68 BL > 2,03 BL Grains: +42% (57M Qx > 80M QX)
Dattes : + 40 % (81.000 T > 114.000 T)
Conclusion Two major breaks with the agricultural
development model of the past 50 years:
1. Overcoming dualisms: embracing the diversity of ecological and agricultural production systems and recognizing the need to increase the capacities of different types of actor in the sector
2. Actors centered approach: progress should be based on an entrepreneurial spirit and dynamic.
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Lessons learned Ø The importance of transactional approaches Ø The importance of decentralization Ø The need to foster institutional innovation; Ø Financing must be available to support
innovation and policy implementation (including from the private sector/banks); and
Ø That progress should be based on an entrepreneurial spirit and dynamic.
Moh
amed
Ait
Kad
i CG
DA
Thanks for listening Questions, comments and suggestions are welcome