Introduction
During the past few years, a new term has become a focus of attention of the whole world, Nano or as some call nanotechnology. This techneq is simply enable us to make anything imagined through row molecules article next to each other
NanoNanomaterial
What is “Nanotechnology”
There are those who describes nanotechnology as the technology that can achieve high degrees of accuracy in functions, sizes and forms of materials and components,
And another known as the science dealing with the smallest of small things himself. The term "nanotechnology" is derived from the Greek language and means the world of the very small finite Dwarfs
we can not set a specific age for the use of this technique
has been reported that the glass-makers in the Middle Ages
were using gold nonparticipant in coloring glass
The most important dates caused a change in the technique
1959
1986
2004
2003
1991
History
Traditional materials of nanomaterials
We have been rated traditional materials into several sub-categories, according to the similarity of their properties and their applications in diverse fields
1-Metals and Metal Alloys
2-ceramics
3-polymers
4-composite materials
Classification of nanomaterials
Nanomaterials unilateral dimensional
Two-dimensional nanomaterials
Three-dimensional nanomaterials
Method of preparation of nanomaterials
TOP-DOWN
Method one
Photogravure
cuttinggrinding
curettage
Method of preparation of nanomaterials
Method two
Bottom-up
Photogravure
cuttinggrinding
curettage
Properties of nanomaterials:
Mechanical properties
Melting point Optical properties
Magnetic properties
Electrical properties
Nanotechnology in Medicine
Doctors can control some small tumors that can not influence them in the past. Researchers were able to enter the nanoparticles of silver to antibiotics, it is known that silver is able to kill about 650 bacteria without harming the human body.
Nanotechnology in the military field
Nanotechnology can be usedon manufacture ofelectromagnetic waves that can once contact with the body to hide it like a plane or car and then the radar can not see and therefore disappearance
Touch screen
With the discovery of many new materials with distinctive characteristics, and become Nanotechnology is used in all industry and technology , we can say now , that touch screens have cahnged the shape of our lives ,and now nanotechnology will change it radically more
Thanks to many materials with structures and attributes , such as Carbon nanotubes and Graphene , the characteristics and advantages of touch screens will become better , in terms of responding to the touch , and manifesting accuracy , and power consumption , and recently can be manufactured in atransparent manner .
OBSTACLES
The difficulty of this technique to obtain accurate measurements when you reach the level of the atom.
It is difficult to control the atoms formed after the division of materials.
Risks to human
Despite the useful features of these small particles it is based on the
small size, any particle size of 300 nm has the ability to enter the
human body smoothly and without any resistance, as it can spread
and cause damage in the body, and a particle size of 70 nm
can enter in the cell nucleus
Some experiments have shown that when the particles enter the human
body, they accumulate in the brain and blood cells and nerves, which
means that it is possible these particles classified under the destructive
substances to the human body.
Risks to the environment
The most important nanotechnology risks to the environment
in two forms, one bio accumulation, which arises from the
accumulation of nano-materials unwanted and the other in
terms of their small size would be difficult to detect and
cleaned and removed from the environment.
ConclusionConclusion
Some states have begun opening of institutes and
centers specialized in the field of nanotechnology and
it is wrong to do what many people do to stay away
and not to approach this technique fear of not being
understood in spite of its simplicity, and like it or not,
this technology and its applications will be the focus of
our daily lives in the near future