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Natural Gas Scenario in India*
The estimated reserves of natural gas in India is around 1400 billion
cubic meters (BCM).
The Gross Production of Natural Gas in India during 2015-16 is 32,249
MMSCM.
Total LNG Import in India is 18,535 MMSCM during 2014-15.
Total NG Consumption during 2014-15 was around 51.23 BCM.
Import dependency during 2014-15 was around 36%.
* Source: Snapshot of India’s Oil and Gas Data of PPAC
Pipeline Transportation
• Uninterrupted Fuel – 365 days – 24 / 7 supply
• Supply over a long distance covering miles
• Door Delivery
• No Storage
• Minimal Pollution in transportation
• Safe Handling
• No Logistics
Advantages of Pipeline Transportation
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Existing Natural Gas Pipeline Network Strength
Sr No. Transporter Length (in KM) Capacity(MMSCM)
(% share)
1 GAIL 11077 206 68.95%
2 RGTIL 1469 80 9.14%
3 GSPL 2355 43 14.66%
4 AGCL/OIL/DNPL 1000 6 6.23%
5 IOCL 140 9.5 0.87%
6 ONGC 24 6 0.15%
Total 16065 350.50 100%
* Snapshot of India’s Oil and Gas Data of PPAC
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Pipeline Projects under Construction
NETWORK/REGION Entity Length in Kms Design Capacity (mmscmd)
Kochi - Kottanad - Bangalure - Mangalore GAIL(India) Ltd. 1104.00 16.00
Surat - Paradip* GAIL(India) Ltd. 2112.00 76.81
Jagdishpur- Haldia (Phase-1 (755 KM), 7.44 MMSCMD capacity
GAIL(India) Ltd. 1860.00 32.00
Mallavaram - Bhilwada GSPL India Transco Ltd. 2035.00 78.25
Mehsana - Bhatinda GSPL India Gasnet Ltd. 2052.00 77.11
Bhatinda -Srinagar GSPL India Gasnet Ltd. 725.00 42.42
Kakinada - Srikakulam A P Gas Distribution Corporation 391.00 90.00
Total 10279.00
* Snapshot of India’s Oil and Gas Data of PPAC
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Cross Country Pipeline Project: TAPI
It is proposed to lay a 56-inch diameter 1800
KM pipeline with design capacity of 90
MMSCMD of natural gas.
Construction on the project started in
Turkmenistan on 13 December 2015. The
pipeline is expected to be operational by
2019.
The Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline (TAPI), also known as
Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline, is a natural gas pipeline from Turkmenistan to India.
The pipeline will transport Caspian Sea natural gas.
GAIL’s PRESENCE IN INDIA
Operating around 11,000 Km of Natural Gas
Pipeline having capacity of about 206
MMSCMD.
Also operating around 2000 KM of LPG
pipelines having capacity of about 3.8
MMTPA.
Having stake in RGPPL with installed capacity
of around 2000 MW and also having installed
capacity in renewable energy sector (Solar &
Wind Power ) of more than 125 MW .
GAIL ( India ) Limited, the youngest Maharatna of India
GAIL’s PRESENCE IN INDIA
Having operational Petrochemical production
capacity of more than 400,000 TPA which is
recently expanded to more than 800,000 TPA.
Having participation in 30 E & P BLOCKS,
including two overseas blocks (Myanmar &
Shale Gas in USA).
Involved in LNG business through JV in
Petronet LNG (17.5 MMTPA) and RGPPL
Dhabol Terminal (5 MMTPA).
Operating City Gas Networks & CNG Stations,
through GAIL GAS Ltd & JVs across country.
GAIL ( India ) Limited, the youngest Maharatna of India
GAIL’s PIPELINE NETWORK
COMMON CARRIER+DEDICATED
SN NETWORK/REGION LENGTH IN KM
1 HVJ-GREP-DVPL 4658
2 GREP DVPL Upgradation 1119
3 DUPL-DPPL 875
4 TRIPURA 61
5 GUJARAT 671
6 MUMBAI 129
7 KG BASIN 881
8 CAUVERY BASIN 278
9 ASSAM 8
10 CJHPL 265
11 DBNPL 835
12 DHABOL-BANGALORE PIPELINE 1097
13 KKBMPL 41
14 JAISELMER REGION 151
GRAND TOTAL(NATURAL GAS PIPELINES) 11070
COMMON CARRIER
11 JAMNAGAR - LONI PIPELINE 1414
12 VIZAG - SECUND. PIPELINE 618
DEDICATED PIPELINES
13 GPU VIJAIPUR TO IOCL PLANT 4
14 GPU GANDHAR TO IOCL PLANT 2
GRAND TOTAL(LPG PIPELINES) 2038
13107
OPERATIONAL NATURAL GAS PIPELINES
OPERATIONAL LPG PIPELINES
Phases - Pipeline Project
Project
Conceptualization/ 1st
Stage Clearance
Investment
Approval
RoU, Statutory Permission, Permanent
Land Acquisition (12 M)
Basic / Detail Engineering (12 M)
Detail
Survey
(6 M)
Tendering / Ordering (9 M)
Manufacturing/Delivery (12 M)
Construction,
Commissioning (9 M)
Closeout
Typical timeline for 36-42 month project
3 M
9 M
Phases-Pipeline Projects
1. Ministry / Marketing Requirement/ Strategic Requirement
2. Identification of Gas Supply, Demand through market survey
3. Pre-Feasibility Study either In House / Consultant incorporating
4. Bidding Route (P&NGRB Guidelines)
5. Review of Proposal
6. Management approval for Pre-Project Activities.
Project Conceptualization & Initial Clearances
ROU and Land AcquisitionReconnaissance Survey, Detailed Engineering & PDI Survey, Soil Investigation ,
Corrosion & Cadastral Survey
• 6(i) Gazette notification though MOP&NG
• Hearing of Objection after minimum 21 days notice
ROU Acquisition
Permanent Land Acquisition
• Plot Identification
• Submission of proposal to concerned authority for acquisition & Publication of 4(i)
gazette notification.
• Notice Servicing , Hearing of Objection & 6(i) Gazette notification.
• Declaration of award & Possession & Registration of land.
Obstacle Crossings are identified during detail engineering survey & incorporates the
permission for the following crossings:
• Railways
• Roads : NH/SH/Other Roads
• Water bodies: Canal/ River/ Nalas etc.
• Forest : Protected/ Reserve/Social
• Sensitive areas like Wild Life Sanctuary / National Parks
• Defense area
• Foreign Pipeline
• Other types of crossings
Obstacle Crossing Permission
NoC is required to be obtained from respective State Pollution Control Boards as per
the requirement of EPA 1986. The steps involved are:
NoC from SPCB (04-06 month)
i. Submission of application to SPCB
ii. Public Hearing at each district
iii. Recommendation by district authorities based on the minutes of public hearing
iv. Issue of NoC
MoE&F Clearance(03-04 month)
Submission of application to MoE&F along with SPCB NoCs
i. Expert Committee meeting & presentation
ii. Issue of MoE&F Clearance
Required NoCs
i. Hiring of Project Management Consultant (PMC)
ii. Hiring of Third Party Inspection Agency (TPIA)
iii. Finalization of Project Schedule WBS wise
iv. Basic Engineering, Design Basis & Detail Engineering
v. Preparation of Specifications, Material Requisition & Tender Document
vi. Tendering & Ordering for all procurement & works package
vii. Manufacturing, Inspection & Delivery for all ordered items
viii. Setting up of Infrastructure for pipeline construction:Camps/Vehicles/Communication facilities etc.
ix. Deployment of Construction Manpower
x. Construction & Commissioning
Execution Stages
1. RoU Handing Over (Panchnama)
2. Grading
3. Stringing
4. Trenching
5. Welding (mainline, crossing / tie-in)
6. Inspection ( NDT/ UT/ X-ray)
7. Joint Coating
8. Concrete Coating
9. Lowering
10. Tie-In Joints
11. HDPE Duct Laying
12. Backfilling & Warning Mat
13. Crossings
14. TCP
15. Hydrotesting
16. Dewatering
17. Pigging (Foam, Gauge,
Magnetic & EGP)
18. Drying & Inertization
19. Gas-In
20. Restoration.
21. Terminal Construction.
22. Installation of GAS Metering
system.
23. Installation of Mechanical
Equipments / Telecom / SCADA
.
Pipeline Construction Stages
• Political risk.
• Socio-economical risk
• Technical risk
• Organizational risk
• Natural catastrophic risk
• Financial risk (investment risk)
• Safety and security risk
• Environment risk
Prospective Risks
• Selection of Technologies.
• Managing Schedule
• Route Survey
• Statutory Permissions
• Tendering & Award of Contract.
• Timely Procurement of high Values items- line pipe, valves etc.
• Analysis of Risk.
• ROU Opening & Permanent Land Acquisitions.
• Constructions Aspects
Major Challenges in Construction phase
Major Challenges in Operational Phase1. Asset Management
Health Monitoring of Assets
Regular Monitoring of Parameters
Pipeline Inspection and Defect Assessment
Integrity of Non-Piggable Pipelines
RoU Monitoring
Harsh Terrain
Pipeline Exposure and Leakages
Encroachment
Corrosion Management
a) Gas Source Quality Monitoring
b) Cathodic Protection System
c) Corrosion Rate Assessment
2. Stakeholder Management : Customer Satisfaction, Compliance of statutory norms, Boundary
Management, Supply –Chain Coordination.
Strategy
Strategy
Advocacy for Policy Changes
Culture Change
Aligning with Global
Practices
Improving Contract
Management
Integrate Technology
& SafetyCompetence
Building
Focus Areas for Functional Excellence
SOMES (TEA)
Safety
Efficient Operation
Best Maintenance Practices
Environment Management
Stakeholder Management
Adopting state of art Technology
Education and Learning
Award and Appreciation
Smart Safety and Asset Management GIS Mapping of Pan India Pipeline Network
GAIL has taken an initiative to map its entire
pipeline network through GIS MAPPING
PROJECT.
The coverage of the Project is:• Capturing pipeline alignment & features in GIS database
• Capturing station boundaries & details of plants & stations
• Population density survey (200 m either side of ROU)
• Measurement Depth of cover (250 m interval & TP
correlated
with MSL for plotting pipeline profile).
• Collection / Conversion of Cadastral maps & data
• Development of web based solution for GIS maps & data
• Facility Management & Support Services (24 months)
Smart Safety and Asset Management
Integration of all pipeline Integrity assessment data in a common database and its
analysis
CPIMS is a GIS enabled computer application to maintain, align and analyses
various pipeline integrity survey with ability to facilitate risk assessment.
It is suite of different modules such as Feature Assessment module, Cathodic
protection module, Risk Assessment module etc.
GIS Based - Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS)
Smart Operation and MaintenanceMOBILE BASED APPLICATION
GAIL has developed a mobile based application software.
This facilitates accessibility of ready data based for pipeline parameters covering
more than 40 attributes from any location through GSM mobile having GPRS.
It provide live Data for pipelines and compressor, Generation of Work Permit as
well as enable the officer at site the Updation of Maintenance Data in SAP
Platform
Information Data Bank on major maintenance activities Enabling Maintenance Information through Mobile
Process MonitoringNATIONAL GAS MANAGEMENT CENTRE & RGMC
National Gas Management Centre (NGMC), state of art control system,
monitors all critical parameters/operations of the pipeline through an on-line
SCADA system
It monitors Real time data of all Pipeline
Parameters, Supply and Delivery
Conditions at all Sources and Major
Customer terminals through SCADA.
NGMC Coordinates with Regional Gas
Management Centers to handle any
upset in the process.
It acts as a Nodal center for crisis
management of GAIL installations.
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• Health assessment and integrity Audits for all Natural Gas and LPG pipelines
was concluded through reputed independent third party having expertise in
the field of corrosion, Inline Inspection, Cathodic Protection.
• In-line-inspection (Intelligent Pigging) programs are one of the most effective
means of obtaining data that can be used as a fundamental base for an
Integrity Management Program.
• GAIL has adopted the practice of mapping entire pipeline network by running
XYZ mapping tool along with TFI and CDP tool.
HEALTH MONITORING FOR PAN INDIA NETWORK
• GAIL has enhanced the frequency of ILI
of Wet Gas Pipelines to once in a 5 year
though Regulation require frequency of
once in a 10 year.
New Technology Integrity of Non-Piggable Pipelines
MTM is a non-intrusive pipeline inspection technology based on Magnetic
Tomography Method.
MTM evaluates the relative change in mechanical stress through the pipeline
magnetic field strength measurement. It helps to locate defects in metal &
weld joints, assess the state of corrosion & monitor the development of
corrosion.
Magnetic Tomography Method (MTM)
Contactless Magnetometric Diagnostics method (CMDM)
Contactless Magnetometric Diagnostics method is another tool that is used
for ensuring the Integrity of the Non-Piggable Pipeline.
This method comprises of acoustic emission, ultrasonic thickness gauging,
vibration diagnosis to enable the execution of check of the facility’s
technical state when in service on the basis of different NDT methods.
Surveillance of ROU/ROW
For monitoring of ROU, GAIL has started Foot
patrolling along its pipeline with GPS devices.
GAIL is in advanced stage of implementing use of
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle / Drone in surveillance of
pipelines at harsh locations.
Also, latest pipeline monitoring technology, namely
“High resolution low orbit satellite imaging”, is being
implemented in GAIL.
A pilot project on remote surveillance in DVPL
pipeline by R&D department of GAIL in collaboration
with National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC).
Intrusion Detection System
Highly sensitive, distributed acoustic sensing system -utilizing fiber optic cables,
Sensing Probes for automated monitoring/measuring activities along linear
assets. Tendering in Progress for PIDS in sections of JLPL & VSPL.
Provides following key surveillance/operational functionalities
• Mechanical/Manual digging
• Personnel Movement
• Vehicle Movement
• Pig tracking Fiber Optic – upto ~40 KM length
(~4,000 measurement points of 10 mtr each)
Pipeline Intrusion Detection System (PIDS)
Leak Detection System GAIL has implemented Centralized Application Software
(APPS) System for modelling its entire Natural Gas and
LPG Pipeline Network.
GAIL has conducted a study regarding the feasibility of
usage of odorization in Natural Gas cross-country
pipelines which are passing through city or in the vicinity of
the city locations. Odorization is being done in one of the
pipeline on pilot basis.
GAIL has also taken an initiative to install RMLD-Remote
Methane Leak Detector. It quickly and efficiently detects
leaks up to one hundred feet away allowing remote
detection of hard-to-reach areas and difficult terrains
External Corrosion Management
Coatings (3-LPE), supplemented by Cathodic Protection.
Coating provides a electrical barrier and maximum protection & Cathodic
protection supplements it at coating holidays.
Making all cathodic sites potentials more electronegative to reach the
potential of anodic site on the metal surface, through external means.
Two types of CP systems:
(a) Sacrificial/Galvanic
(b) Impressed Current Cathodic Protection(ICCP)
Two systems work together augmenting each other and ensuring protection
& adequacy of protective current requirement. 32
External Corrosion Monitoring
CP Monitoring Mechanism:
On Line Portal for CP data upload in the GAIL server directly by the sites
3- stage review of CP data by each Pipeline Maintenance base In-charges,
Regional CP coordinators followed by CIMG.
Development of guidance documents by CIMG for various CP activities
uniformly by the sites.
SCADA connectivity of CPSM/TR Units with feeding PSP data.
Focus on AC Interference survey with simulation study & DC Interference.
Internal Corrosion Management
GAIL is monitoring H2S and Moisture at most of the source locations using
advanced Tunable Laser diode based Online Analyzers.
GAIL has installed Gas Dehydration facilities with ONGCL. Significantimprovements in water dew point and hydrocarbon dew point have beenobserved for the sources where GDU has become functional.
GAIL is chemically treating the in the Pipeline. Chemical treatment includes theuse of Corrosion Inhibitor, Biocides and Hydrate control with methanol.
GAIL has engaged The Energy Research Institute (TERI) for detailed
analysis of fluid samples from pig runs.
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GAIL has engaged Subject Matter Experts to review existing Maintenance
Practices and thus comparing them with world’s best practices and thereby
recommending modification for improvisation.
The hiring of expert advice from the reputed consultant/agency re-assure the
effectiveness of our existing practices/policies.
It also ensure the safety and health of persons and the environment by the
reduction of hazards and risks to a level as low as reasonably practical in
normal operating conditions or in an emergency.
Following subjects matter have been hired by GAIL:• Inline Inspection and Cathodic Protection : Mr. Jim Marr
• Metallurgy and Welding : Mr. V R Krishnan
• Corrosion : Mr. Patrick J Teevens
• Coating : Mr. Sidney A Taylor
ENGAGEMENT OF SMEs
Professional Excellence GAIL has taken the initiative to give training to GAIL pipeline officers
through NACE and ASME to create the required Cadre Based Team.
The NACE agency has been hired to give training on:
• Direct Assessment
• Cathodic Protection Level-2
GAIL, on regular basis, has organized Pipeline Operators Meet for
discussions on various pipeline operation & maintenance issues where
pipeline operators like M/s IOCL, M/s BPCL, M/s OIL, M/s RGTIL, M/s
Cairn Energy and M/s HPCL participated.
GAIL executives are nominated to participate in various National and
International Seminars like ICEPIM, NCCI etc.
Professional Excellence GAIL in collaboration with NIGIS has conducted Technical Seminars on Internal
Corrosion of pipelines JANG SE JANG-I & JANG SE JANG-II (Battle With
corrosion-II .The representative from industries- GAIL, RIL, RGTIL, IOCL,
BPCL, HPCL, VOLT, EIL, MECON,TRACTABLE, CEIL IGL,MGL, OISD,
experts from M/s NACE international, CIMG(Central Integrity management
group), RIMG (Regional Integrity management group) and personnel of GAIL
from sites has participated.
Moving Ahead
Transforming GAIL to a Smart Utility Company.
Balance approach towards performance and health.
Competency development at all levels.
Strengthening of systems and procedures including Monitoring, Controlling
& Reporting Practices.
Continual learning through periodic capturing of lessons learnt.
Brand management of GAIL through association with global best
companies.
Employee Engagement