Networking Module 5
Module 2-2
You Are Here
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
vSphere Environment
Networking
Introduction to VMware Virtualization
VMware ESX and ESXi
VMware vCenter Server
Storage
Virtual Machines
Operations
Access Control
Resource Monitoring
Data Protection
Scalability
High Availability
Patch Management
Installing VMware ESX and ESXi
Module 2-3
Importance
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
VMware® ESX™/ESXi networking features allow virtual machines to communicate with other virtual and physical machines, allow management of the ESX/ESXi host, and allow the VMkernel to access IP-based storage and perform VMware vMotion™ migrations. Failure to properly configure ESX/ESXi networking can negatively affect virtual machine management and storage operation.
Module 2-4
Module Lessons
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Lesson 1: Creating vNetwork Standard Switches Lesson 2: Modifying Standard Virtual Switch
Properties
Module 2-5
Lesson 1:Creating vNetwork Standard Switches
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 2-6
Lesson Objectives
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Define virtual network Describe a virtual switch Describe the virtual switch connection types Describe the components of a vNetwork standard switch Create a vNetwork standard switch
Module 2-7
What Is a Virtual Network? What Is a Virtual Switch?
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
A virtual network provides the networking for hosts and virtual machines that use virtual switches. A virtual switch: Directs network traffic between virtual machines and links to
external networks. Combines the bandwidth of multiple network adapters and
balances traffic among them. It can also handle physical network interface card (NIC) failover.
Models a physical Ethernet switch:• A virtual machine’s NIC can connect to a port.• Each uplink adapter uses one port.
Module 2-8
Types of Virtual Switch Connections
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
A virtual switch allows the following connection types: VMkernel port:
• For example, for IP storage or vMotion migration• For the ESXi management network
One or more virtual machine port groups Service console port (ESX)
Module 2-9
Virtual Switch Connection Examples
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
More than one network can coexist on the same virtual switch. Or networks can exist on separate virtual switches.
Module 2-10
Types of Virtual Switches
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
A virtual network supports two types of virtual switches: vNetwork standard switches:
• Virtual switch configuration for a single host• Discussed in this module
vNetwork distributed switches:• Virtual switches that provide a consistent network configuration for
virtual machines as they migrate across multiple hosts• Discussed in module 11
Module 2-11
Standard Virtual Switch Components
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 2-12
Default Standard Virtual Switch Configuration
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Display standard virtual switches.
Delete the virtual switch.
Display virtual switch properties.
Display port group properties.
Display Cisco Discovery Protocol
information.
Module 2-13
Physical Network Considerations
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Discuss VMware vSphere™ networking needs with your network administration team, such as: Number of physical switches Network bandwidth required Physical switch support for 802.3AD (for NIC teaming) Physical switch support for 802.1Q (for VLAN trunking) Network port security Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and its operational modes:
listen, broadcast, listen and broadcast, and disabled.
Module 2-14
Lab 4
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
In this lab, you will create a standard virtual switch and port group.1. View the current standard virtual switch configuration.2. Create a standard virtual switch.3. Verify that your virtual machine has proper access to the
Production network.
Module 2-15
Lesson Summary
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Define virtual network Describe a virtual switch Describe the virtual switch connection types Describe the components of a vNetwork standard switch Create a vNetwork standard switch
Module 2-16
Lesson 2:Modifying Standard Virtual Switch
Properties
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 2-17
Lesson Objectives
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch:• Number of ports• Network adapters
Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch port group:• VLANs• Security, traffic-shaping, and NIC teaming policies
Module 2-18
Standard Virtual Switch Ports
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
You can change the number of ports on a standard virtual switch.
Module 2-19
Network Adapter Properties
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
For each physical adapter, speed and duplex can be changed.You might need to set the speed and duplex for certain NIC and switch combinations.
Module 2-20
VLANs
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
ESX/ESXi supports 802.1Q VLAN tagging.Virtual switch tagging is one of three tagging policies supported. Packets from a virtual
machine are tagged as they exit the virtual switch.
Packets are untagged as they return to the virtual machine.
Performance is not much affected.
Module 2-21
Network Policies
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Three network policies: Security Traffic shaping NIC teaming
Policies are defined: At the standard virtual switch level:
• Default policies for all the ports on the standard virtual switch At the port or port group level:
• Effective policies: Policies defined at this level override the default policies set at the standard virtual switch level.
Module 2-22
Security Policy
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Administrators can configure layer 2 Ethernet security options at the standard virtual switch and at the port groups.
Module 2-23
Traffic-Shaping Policy
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Network traffic shaping is a mechanism for controlling a virtual machine’s network bandwidth.Average rate, peak rate, and burst size are configurable.
Module 2-24
Configuring Traffic Shaping
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Traffic shaping is disabled by default.Parameters apply to each virtual NIC in the standard virtual switch.On a standard switch, traffic shaping controls outbound traffic only.
Module 2-25
NIC Teaming Policy
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
NIC Teaming settings: Load Balancing
(outbound only) Network Failure
Detection Notify Switches Failback Failover Order
Module 2-26
Load-Balancing Method: Port ID-Based
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 2-27
Load-Balancing Method: Source MAC-Based
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 2-28
Load-Balancing Method: Source IP-Based
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Module 2-29
Detecting and Handling Network Failure
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Network failure is detected by the VMkernel, which monitors: Link state only Link state plus beaconing
Switches can be notified whenever: There is a failover event A new virtual NIC is connected to the virtual switch
Failover implemented by the VMkernel based on configurable parameters: Failback:
• Determines how a physical adapter is returned to active duty after recovering from a failure
Load-balancing option: Use explicit failover order.• Always use the highest order uplink from the list of active
adapters that pass failover detection criteria.
Module 2-30
Lab 5 (Optional)
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
In this lab, you will design a network configuration for an ESXi host, based on a set of requirements.1. Analyze the requirements.2. Design virtual switches and physical connections.
Module 2-31
Lesson Summary
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch:• Number of ports• Network adapters
Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch port group:• VLANs• Security, traffic-shaping, and NIC teaming policies
Module 2-32
Key Points
VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A
There are three connection types on a virtual switch: virtual machine, VMkernel, and service console (ESX only).
A standard virtual switch is a virtual switch configuration for a single host.
A distributed virtual switch is a virtual switch configuration that can be used across multiple hosts.
Network policies set at the standard virtual switch level can be overridden at the port group level.