Noise classification for tendering quiet asphalt wearing coursesHans Bendtsen, Danish Road Directorate
International Partnership Meeting Washington January 26, 2012
The road administration noise challenge Large focus on noise annoyance in
the population 30 % of households in Denmark
exposed to over 58 dB (Lden) Environmental Protection Agency guideline
Effects:• Real estate prices (around 1 % per dB)• Annoyance, impacts sleep and health• Society economy 1 billion USD annually
Often main issue in public hearing on new road and infrastructure projects
Tyres
RoadPropulsion
Components of noise
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Speed [km/h]
LAFmax [dB]
P_Prop
Propulsion
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Speed [km/h]
LAFmax [dB]
P_RollP_Prop
Rolling - default
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Speed [km/h]
LAFmax [dB]
P_TotP_RollP_Prop
Total
DRD Noise action plan and policy Danish Road Directorate
wants good relations to the neighbors of the roads
The resources available are limited
1. Noise Action Plan 2008 – 2013 for state roads
2. Road Directorate policy for management of road noise December 2009:• Ensure the best cost
effectiveness in noise abatement
The state road noise action plan
Lden 58-63 dB 63-68 dB 68-73 dB >73 dB Total
Number dwellings
39,000 15,000 3000 1500 58,500
State road noise mapping highways over 16.000 vehicles/day
Five year goal to reduce the noise annoyance for asmany dwellings as possible along the highway sections with the highest noise levels:
•Noise barriers•Noise reducing windows•75 mill US$ over 6 years•Noise reducing pavements when pavements are renewed -over 58 dB
Application of noise reducing pavements Pavement renewal on highways Noise reducing pavements are
used:• Highways near residential
areas noise over 58 dB• Highways near recreational
urban areas over 58 dB The same for construction of new
highways
Noise reducing pavementscommonly used in Denmark Thin layers:
• Small aggregate size• Open surface texture
Cost normally like ”ordinary” pavements:• Less material• Stronger binder
Special requirements:• Even base layer to be applied on• No need for extra baring capacity in
road construction• Take care when milling
Estimated one year shorter lifetime
Research and development ongoing
We started to use noise reducing thin layers
Knowledge on long time acoustical and structural lifetime
Need for types with optimized noise reduction and durability
Integration of noise in Pavement Management Systems
1st Generation System forInviting Tenders and Documenting Noise Reductionof Wearing Courses
Background and aimDeveloped by: Road authorities Contractors Consultants The “SRS group” part of the Danish road norm
organization created consensus
Uniform system:• Noise measurement• Interpretation of products• Documentation
System components Demands on test section Reference values / Noise classes Measurement method Field calibration of equipment Declaration form Paradigm for filling form
http://www.vejdirektoratet.dk/publikationer/VInot061/index.htm
Principle Producer: Build section; measure CPXDK
• Compare with reference declare / label • Classes of noise reduction:
A. Particularly noise reducing B. Very noise reducing C. Noise reducing
Indsæt foto fra G:\........
”deciBellA”
• CPX (ISO/CD 11819-2 – Draft)• Trailers: DRD and a Dutch form M+P
Measurement method:
Reference values
Reference values CPXDK
• 80 km/h: 102.0 dB• 50 km/h: 94.0 dB
Dense Asphalt concrete:• 11 mm aggregate• 8 years old (+2 dB)• Noise prediction method Nord2000 reference
Noise ClassesNoise class Noise reduction
x [dB]
A: Particularly noise reducing x > 7.0
B: Very noise reducing 5.0 < x < 7.0
C: Noise reducing 3.0 < x < 5.0
Field Calibration Committee (SRS-Group) Appoint well defined calibration test sections Equipment run (once every spring) Results to Committee Approval Correction K:
May 2007: 50 km/h 80 km/hDRD 0.0 dB -0.4 dBCarl Bro -0.2 dB 0.0 dB
5 1 3 4 2 2 1 15 4 4 3 6 285
90
95
100
105A
C 6
o
AC
8o
PA
6
PA
8
SM
A 4
SM
A 4
+
SM
A6
SM
A 6
+
SM
A 8
UTL
AC
6
UTL
AC
8
AC
11d
SM
A 1
1
CPXDK 80 km/h [dB]
C
B
A
7 3 4 3 3 3 20 12 5 2 7 185
90
95
100
105A
C 6
o
PA
6
PA
8
SM
A 4
SM
A 4
+
SM
A 6
SM
A6+
SM
A 8
UTL
AC
6
UTL
AC
8
AC
11d
SM
A 1
1
CPXDK 50 km/h [dB]
C
B
A
25 SRS-produkter
Conclusion Politics for noise reducing pavements in place and active Noise reducing pavements are now used on state roads
and in municipalities Because:
• There is a need for ”low cost” noise reduction• Noise reducing pavement solutions are on the
marked ready for use• Road engineers and politicians know the concept• The SRS system facilitates noise as a functional
request in tendering process Cheap solution to be implemented in noise action plans Research ongoing for improvements
Thank you!