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nolax is the adhesive scene’s

farmteam. We sow ideas and

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Andreas Dobmann

nolax – Sempach Station, Switzerland

PIR - a New Class of Structural Polyurea Based Adhesives

nolax.com | PIR-a New Class of Structural Polyurea Based Adhesives | October 2016 2

Topics:

‒ polyurethane and polyurea based adhesive

‒ polyisocyanurate (PIR) based polymers

‒ performance of PIR polyurea based adhesive in comparison

with polyurethane and/or polyureas

‒ how to apply a PIR polyurea based adhesive?

‒ typical end applications of PIR polyurea based adhesives

‒ summary and outlook


Polyurethane Based 2K Adhesive

‒ base chemicals isocyanate plus polyol

‒ ratio isocyanate: polyol typically approx. 1:1

‒ typical end use: adhesives, foams, elastic parts etc.

‒ mixing and dosing: static and dynamic mixers


+

Relative Reaction Rates of Selected Nucleophiles

with Isocyanate


nucleophile structure relative reaction rate

constant (non-catalyzed) @ 25°C

Primary aliphatic amine R-NH2100'000

Secondary aliphatic amine R1R2-NH 20'000–50'000

Primary aromatic amine Ar-NH2200–300

Primary alcohol R-CH2-OH 100

Water H2O100

Secondary aromatic amine R1Ar-NH 100

Secondary alcohol R1R2-CH-OH 30

Source: http://www.poliuretanos.com.br/Ingles/Chapter1/131Isocyanates.htm

Polyurea Based 2K Adhesive

‒ base chemicals isocyanate plus polyamine

‒ ratio isocyanate: polyamine approx. 1:1

‒ typical end use: coatings, adhesives not very common

‒ mixing and dosing: dedicated technology requested due to

high reaction speed


+

Polyisocyanurate (PIR)-

Isocyanate and Polyol Based

‒ isocyanate plus polyol, ratio 2-5:1,

‒ PIR formation needs catalyst and heat

‒ high crosslinking density

‒ high temperature resistance up to 250°C (482°F)

‒ typical end use: hard insulation foams for the building industry


+

Polyisocyanurate (PIR)-

Isocyanate and Polyamine Based

‒ isocyanate plus polyamine, ratio 2-5:1 = strong exothermic

reaction

‒ PIR formation due to exothermic reaction needs only a

catalyst

‒ combines PIR properties with polyureas reaction speed

‒ excellent mechanical properties even at elevated temperatures

‒ patented as an adhesive composition under EP 2871194 B1


Polyurethane, Polyurea and PIR Based Adhesive


Polyurethanes Polyureas PIR

crosslinking time minutes–hours seconds–

minutes

seconds–

minutes

mechanical

properties

flexible–hard flexible–hard hard

elongation at

break

>1000% >600% <100%

Polyurethane, Polyurea and PIR Based Adhesive


Polyurethanes Polyureas PIR

tensile strength <20 MPa <40 MPa <60 MPa

temperature

resistance

120-180°C

(248-392°F)

approx. 160°C

(320°F)

>200°C

(>392°F)

adhesion on

different

substrates1)

fulfilled fulfilled fulfilled

1) polyolefin excluded

PIR Based Polyurea Adhesives:

Tensile Strength as Function of Temperature

‒ high tensile strength but not brittle

‒ high impact resistance


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

E-module(MPa)

tensile strength (MPa)

temperature (°C)

tensile strength E-Module

How to Apply a PIR Based Adhesive?

High Pressure Impingement Mixing


Pump A Pump B

Filter Filter

Component BComponent A

Pressure: 100 – 200 bar

Injection hole: 0.1 mm

Mixing chamber diameter: 0.6 – 0.8 mm

Feed: >3 g/sec.

Source: Isotherm AG

How to Apply a PIR Based Adhesive?

High Pressure Impingement Mixing


Source: Isotherm AG

Processing PIR Polyurea Systems

Application Technology


End Applications of PIR Polyurea

Based Adhesives

‒ Injection applications of adhesives


End Applications of PIR Polyurea Based

Adhesives



Adhesives


‒ Applications in glazing industry


Adhesives

‒ Injection applications of adhesives


In-situ Manufacturing of Assembly Clips


In-situ Manufacturing of Assembly Clips


PIR Based Adhesive at Work

https://vimeo.com/117389083


https://vimeo.com/117389083

Summary and Outlook

The combination of polyurea and PIR reactions leads to unique

adhesives with the following properties:

‒ wide adhesion spectrum to different substrates

‒ excellent shear strength at elevated temperatures

‒ high impact resistance (depending on the formulation)

‒ designed for bulk applications like adhesive injection

technology


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