NPPC Pollution Prevention Strategies Module
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Pollution Prevention StrategiesPollution Prevention Strategies
Critical Control Points Critical Control Points
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Critical Limits of Manure HandlingCritical Limits of Manure Handling
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Instructional Overheads FormatInstructional Overheads Format
First major point
Second major point
Third major point
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Purpose of the PollutionPurpose of the PollutionPrevention Strategies ModulePrevention Strategies Module
Helps producers:• Understand environmental hazards of manure
handling.
• Identify critical control points.
• Develop format for regular monitoring.
Third party evaluation• Education/certification
Improve public image
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Principles of Hazard Analysis & Principles of Hazard Analysis & Critical Control PointsCritical Control Points
Identify hazards. Find critical control points. Establish critical limits. Monitor. Take corrective action if critical limits are
exceeded. Verify that the HACCP plan is working. Keep records on each critical control point.
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Hazards of Manure HandlingHazards of Manure Handling
More nutrients than the crop can utilize.
Too close to waterways, wells, etc.
Application on frozen ground.
To farm in advance of crop.
Leakage or discharge.
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation
Number and size of pigs
Water usage
Note: Actual storage time may differ from projections.
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation
Phase-of-Production Method for Estimating Manure Output
Phase No. Gal/day Total GalNursery 800 X .4 320Grow-Fin 1900 X 1.5 2850Sow/litter 40 X 5.0 200Gest sow 210 X 1.5 315Boar 13 X 1.9 25
Total 3710
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure GenerationAnimal-Units Method
for Estimating Manure Output
Phase No. Weight, lb Total lb, KNursery 800 X 30 24Grow-Fin 1900 X 140 266Sow/litter 40 X 500 20Gest sow 210 X 375 79Boar 13 X 500 6Total 395
Total wt = 395,000 lbs = 395 animal units395 X 9 gal/animal unit = 3555 gal/day
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation
Application-Records Methodfor Estimating Manure Output
Phase No loads Volume, gal Total Gal, K
Nursery 58 X 2000 116
Grow-Fin 520 X 2000 1,040
Sow/litter 37 X 2000 74
Gest sow 62 X 2000 124
Total 699 X 2000 1,354
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation
Water usage contributes to manure output.
• Check flow rate in every waterer; adjust as needed.
• Consider adding a water meter to the main line.
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation
Rainfall contributes to manure volume.
• Outside manure storages are affected by rainfall and evaporation.
• Consider recent rainfall when monitoring manure storage levels.
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation
Critical limits:
• Monitor your manure output and compare it to calculated values.
• Excess output is not an environmental threat. Manure spreading costs are increased.
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #2 - Manure StorageCCP #2 - Manure Storage
Integrity
Remaining capacity
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #2 - Manure StorageCCP #2 - Manure Storage
Critical limits:
• Integrity
• Remaining capacity
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #3 - Manure TransportationCCP #3 - Manure Transportation
Conventional spreader
Recycle system
Irrigation
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #4 - Manure ApplicationCCP #4 - Manure Application
Rate - match to crop needs, soil and manure tests.
Method - incorporate or inject whenever possible.
Timing - just before crops require nutrients.
Run off - be cautious in high risk areas (on steep slopes, near ditches, and water sources).
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #4 - Manure ApplicationCCP #4 - Manure Application
Weather conditions - rainfall, wind, temperature, humidity.
Utilization - be certain the crop can utilize all the nutrients.
Depth to ground water - be cautious with high water table.
Application log - where, when, rate, etc.
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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits
CCP #4 - Manure ApplicationCCP #4 - Manure Application
Application rate
Application method
Potential for runoff
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Pollution Prevention StrategiesPollution Prevention Strategies
Monitoring the Plan,Monitoring the Plan,
Taking Corrective Action,Taking Corrective Action,
Maintaining RecordsMaintaining Records
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Monitor, Correct, DocumentMonitor, Correct, Document
Monthly checklist
Manure application checklist and log
Annual checklist
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Monthly ChecklistMonthly Checklist
Keep track of manure output.
Monitor change in manure levels in storage.
Check storage for structural integrity and leaks.
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Manure Application Checklist & LogManure Application Checklist & Log
Check recycle/irrigation systems.
Check manure spreading equipment.
Apply manure according to plan.
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Manure Application Checklist & LogManure Application Checklist & Log
Important notations:
• Date and time
• Field ID
• Source and quality
• Application rate and number of loads
• Wind direction
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Annual Checklist & LogAnnual Checklist & Log
Manure storage okay
Manure spreading equipment/transport equipment okay.
Manure application according to plan
Well tests documented
Records kept for manure application and soil and manure analysis.
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Pollution Prevention StrategiesPollution Prevention Strategies
Emergency Action PlanEmergency Action Plan
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The Emergency Action PlanThe Emergency Action Plan
Step-by-step process:
• Recognize and assess problem.
• Notify authorities.
• Enlist help.
• Take corrective action.
• Make a stand.
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The Emergency Action PlanThe Emergency Action Plan
How to develop the plan - Part I
• What types of emergencies are possible?
• Consider drainage patterns from your farm.
• Manager on duty can often correct minor problems.
• For major emergency, use a response team leader.
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The Emergency Action PlanThe Emergency Action Plan
How to develop the plan - Part II
• Consider the people who could offer assistance.
• What type of equipment will you need?
• Get access agreements to enter neighboring properties.
• Write the plan down and put it by the phone.
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Verification - Verification - Your Strategies Are WorkingYour Strategies Are Working
Implement a monthly and annual checklist.
Implement a manure checklist and log.
Conduct a third-party evaluation.
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Pollution Prevention StrategiesPollution Prevention Strategies
Third Party EvaluationThird Party Evaluation
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Third Party EvaluationThird Party Evaluation
Purposes:
• Evaluation from someone outside the operation.
• Compare your practices to industry standards.
• Opportunity to certify operation.
• Good educational setting.
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Preparing for the EvaluationPreparing for the Evaluation
Have these records available:
• Water usage and rainfall
• Records of equipment maintenance and inspection
• Nutrient management plan, crop records, manure application logs
• Lab tests of wells, soil, manure
• Emergency action plan
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Conducting the EvaluationConducting the Evaluation
How you address:
• Manure generation
• Manure storage
• Manure transportation
• Manure application
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Each Evaluation FactorEach Evaluation Factor
Supporting comment
Range of answers and appropriate scores
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A Typical QuestionA Typical Question Do you have a current nutrient management plan?
(10 points)• Supporting comment - A nutrient management plan
specifies the application rate per acre based on type of crops and anticipated yields.
• Range of answers with scores in ( ):– (0) No plan
– (3) Unwritten plan, but reasonable approach
– (5) Written plan, not followed completely
– (10) Written plan implemented and updated
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Certification ProcessCertification Process
Scores for each question are recorded on a carbon data sheet.
Producer and evaluator keep a copy.
If point minimum is met, state organization may consider mailing certificate to producer.
340 points possible
272 suggested for certification
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Pollution Prevention StrategiesPollution Prevention Strategies
Program SummaryProgram Summary
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SummarySummary
Why this program will work for you:
• Helps you organize your strategy.
• Supplies ready-to-use forms.
• Will help our industry step up to a new level of implementation.
• Provides a valid certification process.