8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
1/29
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
2/29
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
3/29
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
4/29
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
5/29
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
6/29
NewElectricPowerPlantforOutsideofJavaBaliArea
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
7/29
GeneralDevelopment
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
8/29
Periodof19651998y
Driving
force
toward
utilization
of
Nuclear
energy
is
mainlyconductedbyBATANandsomeuniversitites(ITB,GajahMadaUniv.)withlimitedintensity.
y Focusonhumanresourcedevelopmentwhichbecomingveryintenseintheera19851997intheHabibieera.
y SeveralintensiveefforttowardNPPweredrivenbystrong
industrialization
program
across
the
country
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
9/29
Periodof
1998
2003
:RecessionPeriod
y
National
wide
NPP
Program
effectively
frozen,
due
to
smalldemandofelectricitywhichisfarbelowinstalledcapacity
y Meanwhilesomepreparationsuchasregulationetc.hadsignificantprogress.
y Establishmentofindependentnuclearregulatorybody(BAPETEN)(1998)
y Establishmentofsomemoredetailregulation
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
10/29
Periodof2004nowy
Shortage
of
electricity
cause
renew
interest
on
new
energysourcesincludingnuclearenergy
y OilpricehikedrivefurthernationalinterestonNPP
y
The
interest
not
only
come
from
BATAN
and
relevant
researcherinuniversitiesbutalsomainlyfromministryforenergyandmineralresourcesandalsoIndonesianelectricpowercompany.
y IndonesianpresidentoutlinenewlongtermenergypolicyinwhichNPPisincluded.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
11/29
Periodof2004nowy
Ministry
of
energy
and
natural
resources
has
quite
intensiveprogramtoimprovepublicacceptanceofNPPincludingtalkshowinRadios,Televisions,andsendingnationalinfluencingleadertosomeNPPsite
abroadto
real
condition
of
NPP
and
some
learning
process.
y Indonesianelectricpowercompanyalsoperformed
several
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
12/29
President
Decree
No.
5
2006(NationalEnergyPolicy)y
In
2025
the
energy
composition
should
be
:y Oilshouldbelessthan20%
y Naturalgasshouldbemorethan30%
yCoal
should
be
more
than
33%
y Biofuelshouldbemorethan5%
y Geothermalshouldbemorethan5%
y New/alternative
energies(nuclear,
biomass,
wind,
solar,etc.)shouldbemorethan5%
y Coalliquifactionetcshouldbemorethan2%
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
13/29
Projection
of
Indonesian
electrical
energyconsumtionin2025
yCurrent installed capacity : 33GWe, 70% inJava-Madura-Bali area
y
In 2025 it is projected to be 100GWe so it isprojected that Indonesia should have 4 NPP
with about 1GWe /unit with the current
scenarioyFirst 2 units start operation at 2016-2017
y
Additional 2 unit start operation at 2023-2024
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
14/29
CurrentDevelopmenty
Project
Organization
(PO)
for
planning
and
executing
projectsworksshouldbesetup.ThisisguidedandorganizedbyMinistryofEnergyandMineralResources.
y BatangivespolicyinputtoMinistryofEnergyandMineralResourcesonNuclearEnergyissues.
y CompletionofSiteandFeasibilityStudyReport(S
FSR).This
S
FSRshould
really
be
comprehensive,
to
coveralsoHRD,IndustrysupportCapabilityandEIS.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
15/29
CurrentDevelopmenty Developmentofdecisionmakingprocess;thisprocesstoward
gonuclear,
should
include
not
only
Government
and
Parliament,butalsothestrongExtraParliamentaryGroupsnotably:EnvironmentalistGroups,IndonesiaNuclearSociety,EnergyandEnvironmentAwarenessGroups.
y Inthis
case
the
society
will
be
well
represented.
The
motor
will
bealwaystheGovernment!
y P.Owithcompleteproposal,proposesthroughGovernment(inD)fordiscussion,deliberationanddecision.
y Decisionto
go
for
the
first
(series
of)
NPPs
y Timeperiodwillbe3to5years.
y Startingtimeprobably:2010.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
16/29
Advanced
Nuclear
Technology
Programy
Due
to
clear
reasons,
future
NPPs
shall
be
based
on
highfuelutilization.
y Inthiscaseoneoptionwillbehighconversionratioreactorormodularbreederreactor
y Anotherproblemiscontinuityofthesupplyof fuel.
y WeproposeheretodevelopRegionalFuelCycleComplex(RFCC) inPacificBasin
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
17/29
IndonesianExperience
in
Research
Reactors
y
Since
mid
1960
decase
operate
Nuclear
Research
Reactors(Now3units:2MWtinBandung,30MWtinSerpong,and200KWtinJogjaconsructedbyBATANIndonesia)
y Nosignificantaccidentreported
y NuclearwastetreatedinBATANIndonesia
y Silicidefuel
for
30MWt
Reactor
in
Serpong
is
now
fabricatedinIndonesiaandsomeparthasbeenexported
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
18/29
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
19/29
1. Highly reliable and high utilization factor
y Nextgenerationofnuclearpowerreactorsarebasically
designed
to
overcome
the
energy
shortageduetothehighgrowthofelectricenergyconsumtionand thefossilfuelcrisisasappears
recently.
y Forsomesituation,thelongmaintenanceperiodwillpossiblycreatetroubletothecustomer.
y Innovativelonglife(orlongerrefuelinginterval)
waterreactor,
long
life
high
temperature
reactor,
orlonglifeleadorleadbismuthcooledLMFBRseriouslyconsidersuchproblems.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
20/29
2. Inherentsafetycapabilityy DuetoChernobylaccidentthepublicacceptancetothe
nuclearpower
plant
need
to
be
improved.
y Byintroducingtheinherentlysafenuclearpowerplantisexpectedtoincreasethispublicacceptancelevel.
y
Thepossibility
of
super
prompt
critical
accident
should
be
eliminated.
y Innovativehightemperaturegascooledreactorwhichcansurvivedtohypotheticalaccidentsuchasdepresurrization
accident,severe
rod
withdrowal
accident,
and
other
severe
accidentisexpectedtobegoodcandidate.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
21/29
2. Inherentsafetycapabilityy Innovativesmallwaterreactorwhichcansurvivesevere
LOCAand
UTOP
accident
is
also
considered
as
good
candidate.y Finallyinnovativeleadorleadbismuthfastreactorsare
alsostrongcandidate.Forverysmallreactors,especiallyof
leador
lead
bismuth
cooled
fast
reactors
the
use
of
high
internalconversionfactortocontrolthereactivitytobewellbelowonedollarisveryusefultoavoidsuperpromptcriticalaccident.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
22/29
3. Longerrefuelingintervaly Thisfactoristosupportveryhighutilization
factorand
also
non
proliferation
characteristics
especiallyforverylonglifereactorswithoutonsiterefueling.
y
By
such
type
of
core
there
is
no
need
to
open
the
reactorcoreinoperationareathereforeenhanceNonproliferationaspect.
y Movablereflectorandothermeansofreactivity
controlout
side
the
core
may
be
considered
as
longasthereisnopossibilitytocreatemorethanonedollarofreactivityinallpossiblepositionofthereflectors.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
23/29
4. Proliferationresistanty Thisissueisnowconsideredseriouslybymanynext
generationof
nuclear
reactor
designers.
y Implementationcanbemanywaysincludingthedesignsuchthatnoneedtoopenthereactorvesselintheoperationareaisconsideredasoneimportantwayto
improveproliferation
resistant,
choosing
the
fuel
so
that
thereisnopossibilityforitsmisusetowardnuclearweaponetc.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
24/29
5. Economicaly Thisaspectisofcourseveryimportantconsideration.
y Theproposednuclearpowerplantwillbebenchmarkedtoanyotherelectricpowerplantssuchasgas,oil,andcoalbasedelectricpowerplants.
y Moreefforts
are
needed
to
make
small
and
special
purposereactorsmoreeconomical.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
25/29
6.
Mobile,modular
and
factory
fabricated
orfastconstructiontime
y Thisdevelopmentisimportanttoacceleratedeploymentsandalsoimproveeconomicalaspects.
y Formobile
reactors,
ship
based
design
is
an
alternative.
y Modularreactorswithfactoryfabricateddesign
alsogood
candidates
to
improve
construction
time,andtherearestillsomeothereffortstocutconstructiontime.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
26/29
SPECIALDEVELOPMENTCASE1y FourGovernorsfromKalimantan+AGovernorfrom
Gorontalo(Sulawesi)stronglyurgetobuildNPPintheirarea.
y TheyhaveintensivecontactwithKLT40teamfromRussia,
they
want
to
just
pull
KLT
40
to
their
area
but
IndonesianRegulatorybodyworryaboutit.
y OnestatementintheregulationinIndonesiasays
thatthe
NPP
installed
in
Indonesia
should
be
well
provenonewiththedefinition:twoyearsoperationwithaverageloadfactorminimal70%.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
27/29
SPECIAL
DEVELOPMENT
2InteresttoPBMRy SeveralyearsagoheadofagiantIndonesian
ConstructioncompanyinterestedinPBMRdesign;theyapproachthePBMRteamandhopetobethesoleagenofPBMRinIndonesia.
y Butwhen
the
PBMR
management
changing,
the
deal
thendelayedandbecomesuncertain.
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
28/29
SPECIALDEVELOPMENTCase3y SomegroupshaveshowninterestinmodularPbBi
cooledfastreactors
y ProblemwithregulatorybodywhichpreferwidelyusedNPPtypeforfirstNPPintroductioninIndonesia
8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia
29/29
CONCLUSIONy NPPDevelopmentprograminIndonesiahasaccelerated
significantlyduringlastfewyears
y NPPhasbeenincludedinNationalEnergyPolicy
y Withcurrent
electricity
demand
projection
at
2025
Indonesiaexpectedtooperatemin.4Unitabout1000MWeNPP
y NPPpublicacceptanceprogramisveryimportantissueinIndonesia
y SeveralcompanyreadytooperateNPPinIndonesia
y SmallNPPshavegoodprospectforoutsideJavaBaliarea
inIndonesia
y FurthermomentumsforNPPdevelopmentprogramareexpectedtocomeafterGeneralElectioninIndonesia(2009)