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Meaning of Mgmt
InputsBasic, ResourcesMen, MC,Materials Money,Methods, Mkts
Fundas / FunctionsProcess
P O A C
Output
Goals- Indl.- Group- Orgl.
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MANAGERIAL ROLES Henry Mitzberg
Interpersonal Head, Leader, LiaisonInformational Monitor, Dissemination,
Spokesperson
Decisional Entrepreneur, Trouble shooter,Resource allocater, Negotiator
MANAGERIAL SKILLS Robert Katz
TechnicalHuman
Conceptual
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ORGANISATIONFeatures : Conscious Grouping of People
Purposive CreationCoordination of Activities a StructureRational Decision Making
Types : Based on Function / Purpose(Economic, Political, Service)
Based on Primary Beneficiary(Business, Society, Mutual Benefit)
Based on Compliance(Coercive, utilitarian, Normative)
Significance of ORGN. Formed for 3 REASONS- Limitations of Individuals- Social Reasons- Material Reasons
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Nature of OB :
1. A field of Study2. Interdisciplinary
3. Applied Science4. Normative value centered5. Humanistic, optimistic
6. Oriented towards org. objective7. Total systems approach
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Effective vs Successful Manager
Fred Luthens AVE S E
Tech. 32 13 19Conceptual 29 28 44People 20 11 26Network 19 48 11
Mgrs to work HARD or SMART ?
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ORGANISATION BEHAVIOUR
DEF : 1. Field of study that investigates the impact of Individuals, Groups & Structure on Behaviour within
the orgn for the purpose of applying such knowledgetoward improving an organisation effectiveness.
- Study Indl, Gr & Str Behaviour impact in the orgn.- Knowledge gained to make orgn. More efffective
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2. OB is directly concerned with the understanding,prediction & control of HB in 0
Which Variablesare imp ?
How strong theyare ?
How do theyInterrelate ?
What patterns of B Present ?
What is theCause-EffectRelationship
What solutionsare possible ?
Which variablescan be influenced
How can they beinfluenced
PROBLEM PREVIEW
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FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT/ BASIC ASSUMPTION OF OB
1. INDIVIDUALs DIFFER. THEY DIFFER AT DIFF. SITUS.2. WHOLE MAN CONCEPT
What U Have ? What U Are ?3. BEHAVIOUR IS THE EFFECT OF A CAUSE4. HUMAN DIGNITY5. ORGN. IS A SOCIAL SYSTEM6. MUTUAL INTEREST7. HOLISTIC
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SCOPE OF OB
INTRAPERSONAL Personality, Attitude, PerceptionLearning, Motivation, Job Sat.
INTERPERSONAL Group Dynamics, Leadership, Comn., TA,
Ego, ConflictORGANISATIONAL Structures, Design, Control, Culture
IS B Predictable ?Consistent but still differIntuition Vs Systematic Study
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O.B. STUDY = THEORECTICAL FRAMEWORKS
1. COGNITIVE FRAMEWORK
Understanding of particular & selective elements of Thoughts2. BEHAVIOURISTIC FRAMEWORK
Response to stimulusBehaviour is an effect of a cause
3. SOCIAL LEARNING FRAMEWORKPeople are Self Aware & Engage in purposeful B
MANAGEMENT, MANAGER = English WordFirst used by Williams Shakesphere in 1588In the play Love s Labour LostSpaniard character Don Arnado says
Your Manager is in Love
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TECHNOLOGY WAVES
1780 1840 Steam Power Indl. Revolution1840 1890 Rail Power Rail roads1890 1930 Electric Power
1930 1980 Petro Power Automobile Revolution1980 2000 ICT Power ICT Revolution
Demerits of ICTDownsizing, Blues Loss Whites Gain Health Issues, Family
Probs, Retire at young Age Mid Life Agony, Security /Privacy Issues Nacked on the Net.
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CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES FOR OB
IMPROVES QUALITY & PRODUCTIVITYIMPROVES PEOPLE SKILLSHELPS MANAGE WORK FORCE DIVERSITY
MANAGE CROSS CULTURAL DIF. IN GLOBALISn.EMPOWERING PEOPLESTIMULATE INNOVATIONBRING IN CHANGE & DEV.
COPING WITH TEMPORARINESSHANDLE FLEXI WORKFORCE
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CONTRIBUTE DISCIPLINE TO OBOB is an APPLIED BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
Sociology, Psychology, Socio Psychology,
Anthropology, Political Science
Micro Indl. MacroMacro
Macro
OB MODEL
Dependent variables : Productivity, Absenteeism,Turn over, Job Satisfacion
Independent variables : Influence dependentvariables & effect OB
Stage 1 : Indl. Gr. Org. Level
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Stage 2 OB MODEL HumanOutput
ProductivityAbsence TurnovJobSatisfaction
HR policies &Procedure
CHANGE &
DEV
Org.Culture Org. S&D Org. Tech.
Stress
Gr. D.M. Leadership
Comn.
Other Gr.
Gr. Str. Workteams
Power &Politics
Conflict
Biogra
Chars.Personality Perception
Values &Attitudes
MotivationIndl.D.M.
AbilityIndl. LearningHUMAN
INPUT
ORGNLEVEL
GROUPLEVEL
INDL.LEVEL
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HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF OB
I Early Practises
1. Adam Smith 17762. Charles Babbage 1832
Div. Of L time, wastage, skills, matching3. Robert Owen 1789
II CLASSICAL ERA1. Frederick W. Taylor 19102. Henry Fayol 1914 Principles of Mgmt.
3. Max Weber Structural Theory Bureaucracy4. Social Man Theory Mary Parker Follett Indl. & Gr.Behavior5. Chester Bernard 1927 Social System
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III BEVIOURAL AREAWelfare secr. HRM
1. Indl. Psychology Hugo Munsterberg 1913 psychological Testsfor S, T, M2. HR Theory
Hawthrone Studies Elthon Mayo 19273. Dale Carnegie 19304. Abraham Maslow5. Douglas McGregov6. Behavioural Science Theory
Jacob Morena Sociometry Gr. Interactions7. B.F. Skinner B Modification T Progs & Rewards8. Fred Fielder Situational Leadership9. Fredrick Herzberg Job Redesign, Enrichment10. Hackman & oldham Perf., Job Satisfaction
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Recent Trends Impact on OB
TQM
ReengineeringBenchmarkingEmployee EmpowermentLearning Orgn. Adaptive, Generative
Types : Knowing, UnderstandingThinking, Learning
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INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR1B is observable & Measurable activity of human being.
- Response to a stimulus OREffect of a cause
Behaviour based on Internal Feelings1. S R Model2. S O R Model
The Organism / Person performs the function of mediating I.e. Scanssurroundings
3. S O BSitu Person Behaviour
Situation
Input
Sensation Info
Receiver
Perception | Cognition | D.M. Central
Info ProcessAction
Feed back
Cognition(Justifying)
Thinking Reasoning Solving
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Behaviour influencing Factors (Foundation of IB)
ExternalEcoSocial
CulturalPoliticalLegaltechno
PersonalAgeSex
EduAbilityMartialNo. of Dep
ORG. SysPhysical faciOS & D
LeadershipRewards
PsychologicalPersonalityPerception
AttitudeValuesLearning
Performance & Indl. Dev.
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Five Anchors of OB1. Multidisciplinary Anchor:
OB is an interdisciplinary subject including Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology,Political Science, Economics. Recently Communication, IT, Marketing areas alsocontributed to the OB.
2. System Research Anchor:
Collects data scientifically by formign research questions and hypothesis aretested.
3. Multiple Levels Anchor:Studies HB at Individual, Group and Organizational levels.
4. Open Systems Anchor:Organization operates in an open system influenced by all the stakeholders andenvironment forces having impact on the Organization and Behaviour of people.
5. Contingency Anchor:An action may have different consequences in different situations.
No single right answer in all situations.