Occupational Safety & Health Risk Management
Dr. Kumaran @ Dr.AKPhD Business AdministrationMaster Environment Health Safety
Learning Objectives
▪ To enable the participants to:
- identify basic elements of an OSH
Risk Management System ; and
- establish and implement proper
OSH Risk Management System.
WHAT IS AN OSHR M?
A set of interrelated or interacting
elements to establish OSH policy
and objectives and to achieve
those objectives
MS 1722 : PART 2 : 2003
ISO 45001 - 2018
WH A T I S T H E A I M A N OSH RISK Management ?
• To create a safe working environment
whilst achieving organisational goals in
the conduct of the day to day business
of the organisation.
• To enable an organisation to establish a
prevention risk in system to safeguard
the working environment.
OSHMS DEVELOPMENT
1996BS 8800
2003MS 1722PART 2
2001ILO OSH
2000OHSAS 18002
1999OHSAS 18001
2018ISO
45001
OSH MS in the Market
OSH Management System MS:1722 – based on ILO-OSH 2001.Malaysia
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 12/4/1988; Voluntary Protection Programmes (VPP).
United States of America
Victoria - Australia
Issued by Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand — AS/NZS 4801, 4804:1997 on OHSMS general guidelines on principles, systems and supporting techniques.
Issued by Health and Safety Organization (HSO), Victoria, widely referred to as Safety Management Achievement Programme (Safety Map).
Australia/New Zealand
ILO Guidelines on OSH Management System – ILO-OSH 2001.International Labour Organisation(ILO)
OHSAS 18001:1999 – Occupational Health & Safety Assessment Series.
British Standard on OH&S Management Systems - BS 8800:1996.United Kingdom
Standards & GuidelinesCountry
ISO 45001:2018 – Occupational Health & Safety Management System
OSHMS STANDARDS
▪ OHSAS 18001 : 1999 - Occupational Health and Safety
Management Systems – SPECIFICATION
▪ OHSAS 18002 : 2000 - Occupational Health and Safety
Management Systems – GUIDELINES for Implementation of OHSAS
18001
▪ MS 1722 : PART 1 : 2005 - Occupational Health and Safety
Management Systems – Part 1 : REQUIREMENTS
▪ MS 1722 : Part 2 : 2003 - Occupational Health and Safety
Management Systems – Part 2 : GUIDELINES
DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS
• OHSAS 18001 : 1999 - Developed by a group of
leading certification and standards bodies, and
published by the British Standards Institution (BSI).
• Comes into effect on 15 April 1999
• MS 1722 : PART 1 : 2005 – Developed by
Occupational Health and Safety Industry Standards
Committee (ISC) from Government agencies, NGOs,
Institutions of Higher Learning
• Comes into effect on 2005
COMPARISON BETWEEN
MS 1722 : PART 1
• A Malaysian Standard
• A standard on OSH MS
• A standard that can be adopted by
industries to implement their OSH
MS
• A standard that can be used for
certification
OHSAS 18001
• A standard developed by a
group of national standards
bodies, accreditation bodies and
certification bodies.
• A standard on OSH MS
• A standard that can be
adopted by industries to
implement their OSH MS
• A standard that can be used
for certification
Convert to ISO45001 2018 by 2021
OSH Risk Management BENEFITS
• Eliminate or minimize risks to employees
• Show evidence of systematic arrangements are in place to
carry out the OSH policy and Objective
• Improve conformance with legal requirements
• Improve employees attitude towards health and safety
• Continually improve OSH performance
OSHRMS & OSHA
NEW REGULATION UNDER OSHA
(DRAFT STAGE)
▪ Any employer of any of the
industries listed in the First
Schedule shall establish,
implement and maintain an
OSH–MS.
OSHRMS & OSHA
FIRST SCHEDULE1. Any building operation or works of engineering construction in which –
a) The project cost is more than 10 million ringgit and the sites are located –
i) in the city center; orii) in a congested or high-density residential areas; orii) in an area where the safety of the public including
pedestrian and vehicular traffic, are at risk posed by activities of work at the construction sites.
b)The project cost is more than 20 million ringgit.
WHAT SOULD WE DO?
A Risk management system to manage health andsafety with the same degree of expertise and to thesame standard as other business activities so as tocontrol risks and prevent harm to people
Principles of OSH MS
Propulsive Employees
Power –(Participation
& Cooperation)
Rotating Power – The Person Responsible for OSH MS
Tractive Power – Employer(Commitment & Leadership)
Raising the level of OSH MS in the Organisation
Overview of OSH MS (MS1722)
▪ Developed by based on ILO-OSH 2001.
▪ ILO-OSH 2001 - Based on internationally agreed
principles defined by the ILO's tripartite constituents.
▪ This tripartite approach provides the strength,
flexibility and appropriate basis for the development
of a sustainable safety culture in the organization.
▪ Voluntary basis.
Overview of OSH MS (MS1722)
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
Policy
POLICY
1 OSH Policy2 Employee Participation
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
OSH Policy
Employer shall prepare a written policy in consultation with
employees.
▪ Appropriate to the organization.▪ Concise, easily understood, dated and endorsed by the
employer.
▪ Include commitment to comply with legal requirements.
▪ Communicated and readily accesible
▪ Continuously reviewed
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
OSH Policy
Principles of OSH in policy statement
▪ Working in safe & healthy condition
▪ Osh is everyone’s responsibility
▪ Osh is as important as quality, production & cost control
▪ Hazards will be identified & controlled
▪ Osh education will be ongoing
▪ Osh meeting & inspection will be held
▪ All accidents will be reported & investigated
SAMPLE OSH POLICY
CSHO CONSTRUCTION SDN BHD emphasizes the importance of
Occupational Safety and Health aspects in its operations and hereby
committed to:
iii.
i. Provision of necessary resources and promotion of safety
and health awareness among the staff.
ii. Compliance to safety and health legislation and relevant
requirements.
Continuous improvement of OSH practices and
Management System.
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
POLICYEmployee Participation
▪ Employees shall be consulted, informed and
trained.
▪ Participate actively in OSHMS
▪ Safety and Health Committee must be
established
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
Organising
ORGANISING
1 Responsibility & Accountability
2 Competence & Training
3 OSHMS Documentation
4 Communication
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
2. ORGANISING
1. Responsibility and Accountabilitya) Allocate, define and document
responsibility and authority for performance of OSHMS.
b) Appointment of Management Appointee @Representative
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
ORGANISING
Competence and Traininga) Personnel competency requirements must
be established.b) Training shall be provided to increase
competency.
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
ORGANISING
OSH MS Documentationa) Established and maintained.b) Clearly written, periodically reviewed and easily
accesible.c) Records shall be established –
identifiable, traceable and retention period specified.
POLICY, OBJECTIVE & MANUAL
OPERATING PROCEDURE
WORK INSTRUCTIONS
FORMS AND RECORDS
L1
L2
L3
L4
OSHMS DOCUMENTS PYRAMID
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
ORGANISING
Communicationa) Procedure for receiving, documenting and
responding.
b) Process of internal communication are clearly
addressed.
c) Provide avenue to receive input and ideas from
employees.
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
Planning & Implementation
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
12
34
Initial Review System Planning, Development & Implementation OSH Objectives Hazard Prevention
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Initial Reviewa) Prior from setting-up the OSHRMS.b) Provide basis for the OSHRMS.c) Provide baseline to measure continuous
improvement.
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
System Planning, Development & Implementation
a) OSHMS must comply with the OSH policy, legislation and standards.
b) Based on findings during initial review.
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
OSH Objectivesa) Consistent with OSH policy and laws.b) Appropriate to organization.c) SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic, Traceable)d) Documented and communicatede) Periodically evaluated.
ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
OSH Objectivesa) Consistent with OSH policy and laws.b) Appropriate to organization.c) SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic, Traceable)d) Documented and Communicatede) Periodically evaluated.
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Hazard Prevention (4 sub elements)1 Prevention and control measures.
2 Management of change.
3 Emergency prevention, preparedness and
response.
4 Operational Procedures (Procurement &
Contracting).
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Prevention & Control Measures▪ HIRARC▪ Hierarchy of controls (eliminate, substitute,
Isolation, minimise through engineering, minimise through administration, PPE).
▪ According to laws and regulations.▪ Including routine, non-routine activities and
facilities at workplace.
RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Prevention & Control Measures▪ Sources of Information
▪ Legislation and code of practice
▪ Industry or trade
association guide
▪ Process flow
▪ Roles & Responsibilities
▪ Materials purchased
EXAMPLE RISK MATRIX TABLE
RISK
HIRARC EXAMPLE
HIRARC EXAMPLE
HIRARC EXAMPLE
HIRARC EXAMPLE
Recommended Control Measures
Re - RISK ANALYSIS
RISK MANAGEMENT “PLANNING”
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Management of Changea) Addresses OSH concerns when there is new
processes or operations (internal changes) or changes in law or regulations (external changes).
b) HIRARC must be conducted before changes took place.
RISK MANAGEMENT “PLANNING”
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response
a) Procedure, plans and arrangements must beestablished.
b) Cooperate with external emergency services.
c) Periodically tested.
RISK MANAGEMENT “PLANNING”
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
Operation
Procurementa) Compliance of OSH requirements is
incorporated at procurement stage.
Contractinga) OSHMS requirements are imposed to the
contractors.
RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”
EVALUATION
1) Performance Monitoring & Measurement
2) Investigation of Work- Related Injuries, ill, Diseases
& Near Misses and Their Impact on OSH Performance
Evaluation.
3) Audit4) Management Review
EVALUATION
RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”
EVALUATION
Performance Monitoring & Measurement
a) Provision of KPI.b) Provide feedback on OSH performance.c) Active and reactive monitoring e.g. statistics.d) Basis of improvement for HIRARC system.
RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”
EVALUATION
Investigation of injuries, disabilities, ill health, diseases and near misses
a) Notification and reporting to authoritiesb) Investigation procedurec) Resolution of Safety and
Health committeea) Corrective actions
RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”
EVALUATION
Audita) Periodic exercise to determine implementation of
OSHMS.b) Audit procedure and
programa) Results communicated for
corrective actions.
RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”
EVALUATION
Management Reviewa) Review suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of
OSHMSb) Chaired by Top Managementc) Conducted periodicallyd) Resolution documented and measures
adopted for improvement.
RISK MANAGEMENT “ACTION & IMPROVEMENT”
Action forImprovement
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
1 Preventive & Corrective Action
2 Continual Improvement
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
Preventive and Corrective Action
a) Through performance monitoring and measurement, audit or management review
b) Actions adopted in response to, or in anticipation of, system breakdowns or high hazard/riskevents.
RISK MANAGEMENT “ACTION & IMPROVEMENT”
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
Continual Improvementa) Ongoing improvement of OSHMS.
b) Measurable improvement is only attainable if
measurable OSH objectives are chosen.
c) May mean reduction in injury rates or
meeting objectives.
d) Requires that the organisation collects
suitable performance data.
RISK MANAGEMENT “ACTION & IMPROVEMENT”
Developing an OSH MS
CERTIFICATION STAGE
APPROVAL COMPLIANCEAUDIT
SURVEILLANCE AUDIT
APPLICATION
DOCUMENTATION AUDIT
INITIAL AUDIT
REVIEWING EXISTING OSHMS
1. Recommended after six months of implementation.
2. Committee is to monitor the progress.3. Check implementation according to plan.4. Verify problems in complying to the system
requirements.5. Monitor achievement of OSH program
objectives.
REVIEWING EXISTING OSHMS
6. Reviews and revisions should occur on an ongoing basis and as when the need arise, include:a) Changes in the workplace that may affect health or
safety.b) Review the program when new hazards are
discovered.c) Problems identified through inspections, concerns, audits,
and investigations.d) Better ways of doing the job are identified
END