Atul Srivastava
CTO, NTT Electronics - America
Optical Integration and DSP
in
Next Generation Networks
Market Focus ECOC 2013
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Outline
• 100G Deployment
– Rapid Growth in Long Haul
– Role of Modules
• 100G Module Standards and their Applications
– Gen1 5x7 MSA
– Gen2 4x5 MSA
– Pluggable Modules (CFP, CFP2…)
• Challenges for DSP and Optical Components
– Lower Power Dissipation
– Smaller Size
– Packaging
• Discussion
2
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential 3
Current Landmark Hero Result
1.01-Pb/s (456.8Gb/s x 222ch x 12 cores) transmission over 52-km MCF
with the aggregate SE of 91.4 b/s/Hz (7.6 b/s/Hz x 12 cores)
1:4
Rx
12-core MCF
52 km
C+L+
111C
h
Tx1
Tx2
CPL Pol
MUX OTF
1:4
1
:4
1:2
1
:2
12
:1 F
an In
1:1
2 F
an O
ut
C+L+
C or L+
111C
h
OTF
Switch
X-pol. Y-pol.
Ch60, Core1,sc-6
10
9
8
7
6
Q-f
acto
r (d
B)
162016001580156015401520Wavelength (nm)
core1 core2 core3 core4 core5 core6 core7 core8 core9 core10 core11 core12
T. Takara, et al., ECOC2012, Th.3.C.1 (PDP).
• 1Tb/s experiment in OFC 1996
• In 16 years 1000x increase
• ~10x capacity increase every 5 years
• Is it sustainable??
Courtesy: Dr. Suzuki, NTT
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Commercial Transmission Systems
• Current Systems – 100Gb/s: Transmission, Cross-connect and IP Router interface rates
have coalesced
– 10Tb/s Capacity 100 Ch @ 100Gb/s 50Hz
• DP-QPSK, 28Gbaud, 4bits/symbol
• Coherent Detection with ADC/DSP
• Future Systems – 2015 - 400Gb/s?
– 2020 - 1Tb/s?
4
Year 1990s past
2000 past
2010 present
2020 future
System Capacity 20 - 160 Gb/s 1 Tb/s 10 Tb/s 100Tb/s
Channel Rate 2.5 - 10 Gb/s 10 Gb/s 40 - 100 Gb/s 1 Tb/s!
No. of WDM Channels 8, 16, 40 100 100 - 160 100
Spectral Efficiency .025 - .05 0.2 2 20!
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Long Haul 100G Growth
2015-16: >100K LH Interfaces
with ~1B NEM sales
10K
25K
60K
Number of LH Interfaces
84K
125K
Ref: A. Schmitt, Infonetics, OIF meeting Jan. 2013
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Current OIF LH 100G MSA
module:
6
• Size: 5 in. x 7 in.
• Power Dissipation: 80 W
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential 7
NEL product lineup for 100G linecard
Receiver
MUX Modulator
LD
LD(LO)
OTN Framer
CFP (100GE)
DSP-LSI Fiber
Driver
2nd GEN High performance
2nd GEN Low power
SFF, same side I/O
105 x 13.5 x 7 mm
DP-QPSK modulator
35 x 20 x 6.4 mm
m-iTLA
Integrated receiver
17 x 30 x 6 mm
Integration is key to reducing size and power dissipation
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
100G Modules and Line cards: Enabling higher card density
5x7 MSA
100W
Size (Smaller)
Current OIF MSA 1.1
Future
(CFP/ CFP2)
2013 OIF MSA 2.0
Smaller Size Low Power
Power Consumption
8
Smaller Size Low Power
4x5 MSA
45W
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Evolution of 100G modules: LH Applications
Module Power dissipation dominated by electronic
components such as DSP
and MUX
Module Size (width, depth,
height) determined by
optical components such as Tx and Rx
9
5”
4”
modulator
LD LD
Receiver DSP
Gen 1
5” x 7” Gen2
4” x 5”
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Example of Module Layout
in the 100G Transmission Line Card
a) Transponder Framer
CFP
100G
LH MSA
(4”x5”,<40W)
b) Muxponder
XFP
×10
c) Regenerator Framer
100G
LH MSA
(4”x5”,<40W)
100G
LH MSA
(4”x5”,<40W)
DC/DC
Conv. Area
DC/DC
Conv. Area
DC/DC
Conv. Area
a) Transponder b) Muxponder c) Regenerator
5”x7”(Gen.1)
4”x5”(Gen.2)
100G
LH MSA
(4”x5”,<40W)
Module size required for the line card
10
Courtesy: Onaka, Fujitsu
The module with the size of 4”x5” can enable three kinds of the line cards
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Multi carrier options for 400G and 1T systems
11
• Dual carrier 2x200G for 400G switching to DP- 16QAM
• Additional carriers can be added to make a 4 X 100G, or 10 X 100G, or 5 X 200G superchannel
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Reach and Capacity Tradeoff
12
G. Bosco et al., JLT, vol.29, No.1, p.53, 2011
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Reach and Capacity Tradeoff
13
GAP filled
by 8QAM
G. Bosco et al., JLT, vol.29, No.1, p.53, 2011
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Smaller Integrated Components for smaller size
pluggable (CFP) modules
14
ASIC
iTx
100G CFP2/4 for Routers with high faceplate density
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Pluggable Digital Coherent TRx
DSPs
CFP(optics + DSP inside)
RF connection CFP2: 8 modules/card
CFP4: 16 modules/card
Line card CFP2/4(only optics)
• Optics part will be separated from DSP
• CFP2/4 will be no more than single optical component
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Breakdown of 100G module power dissipation
Gen1 MSA 4”x5” Gen2 MSA CFP target
DSP 35.0 20.0 12.0
MUX 6.5 0.0 0
Modulator(TEC) 0 0 1.0
Driver 10.0 7.0 3.0
ITLA(Tx&LO) 6.0 8.0 4.0
Receiver FE 3.5 1.5 1.5
MISC 2.0 1.0 1.0
DD-conv. 16.0 2.5 1.5
Total 79.0 W 40.0 W 24.0 W
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential 17
100G Transceiver Module/DSP Power Dissipation
5”x7”
4”x5”
CFP 40nm CMOS
28nm
18-20nm
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential 18
10 40 80 500 100 1000 >2000
Reach (km)
Gen2
4” x 5”
Gen1 5” x 7”
80
45
Power (W)
32
28
24 100G LR4
100G ER4 100G ZR
100G Coherent for Metro
- Regional 500-1000 km - Core 100-500 km - Access 40-100km
- Higher volume - Lower cost - High density
100G Transceiver Module Landscape
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
100G Coherent Metro Networks
19
Metro Regional
Metro Core
Long-Haul
Metro Access
• Long-Haul >1500, 6-8 ROADMs
• Metro-Regional
500-1000km; 16 ROADMs
• Metro-Core 100-500km; 24 ROADMs
• Metro-Access
40-100km
Typical Optical Specs: 16dB OSNR, 15,000ps/nm dispersion, 12ps PMD
Cost, Power and Size of module are key metrics for 100G Metro
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential 20
Applications for each 100G coherent transceiver module
Datacom Telecom
Distance <100km <600km <600km >2000km
Application name ER, ZR Metro-access Regional, or metro-regional
Long haul
Optical topology Point-to-point (p-t-p)
p-t-p ROADMs (drop & continue)*
ROADMs (drop & continue)*, p-t-p
Number of TLAs 1 1 2 2
Chromatic dispersion compensation (ps/nm)
2,000 12,000 12,000 >40,000
Type of FEC HD-FEC (G.709)
(External)
HD-FEC (ex.
G.975.1) (External)
SD-FEC
(Internal)
SD-FEC (Internal)
Power consumption (W) 24 28 TBD 40
Module form-factor CFP CFP (tbd) 4” x 5” (tbd) 4” x 5”
Name of TRx module Coherent pluggable NG-Coherent LH
Note*) For ROADM applications, the drop & continue function is required, where a single wavelength is used
for broadcasting. In a transceiver module, transmitter wavelength is not necessarily the same as that of local
oscillator, therefore 2 tunable lasers are necessary in a module.
Interoperability on 100G 1. Expansion of 100G coherent technology
– The digital coherent technology is expanding from long-haul (LH) to short-reach (ZR) / metro-access (MA) applications. (Applications are shown in next page.)
• In ZR/MA application, pluggable optical modules will be used. Where, interoperability is mandatory because of replaceability.
• We would like to propose strong joint promotion of interoperability on 100G ZR/MA applications.
2. Modulation format and FEC – We think that the modulation format for 100G ZR/MA is QPSK.
• QPSK is only one standard and it is mature.
– GFEC will be used ZR and MA application.
• GFEC is already standardized, but eventually EFEC may be needed in MA. For such a case, a table of EFEC candidates could be the solution as in ITU-T G.975.1 (listing several EFECs). – EFEC single standard would be difficult because of vendors’ differentiator, as
in the past.
Latest News – 100G interoperability NTT Electronics and Acacia Communications Announce
Interoperability Mode of Operation in Next-Generation Coherent ASICs
London, UK, September 23, 2013 - ECOC2013 : NTT Electronics (NEL), the leading supplier of 100G coherent Digital Signal Processing (DSP) ASSP's to a variety of system/module manufacturers worldwide, and Acacia Communications, the leader in delivering intelligent transceiver modules for ultra-high speed fiber optic transmission to the telecommunications infrastructure industry, announced today that they have completed verification of an interoperability mode of operation between their next-generation Coherent Digital Signal Processing ASIC's. [Some network operators’ comments are quoted in the press release] "100G coherent application is to be extended from purely long-haul to metro to even short-reach applications, where the pluggable optical transceiver is attracting solution for those new applications," said a representative of Deutsche Telekom AG (DTAG). "Optical technology solutions like 100G are helping us continue to evolve and scale our network to support the next generation of high bandwidth services in an efficient and cost effective way," said Shamim Akhtar, Distinguished Architect at Comcast. "From the viewpoint of a network operator using 100G as well as a technology provider of 100G coherent solution, we, NTT, are happy to see this interoperability milestone," said Masahito Tomizawa, an executive manager of NTT Network Innovation Labs.
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential 23
CFP Components configuration
CFP foot print can be achievable by using “m-ITLA” (already standardized) and “Gen 2 ICR” (newly proposed as close to Gen1 modification)
Accordingly, MSA components have broader market, and can be cost-effectively procured.
1 LD for Tx
and LO
Semiconductor
/ Polymer type
The same Rx as used for LH
(2nd gen Rx)
Modulator
Receiver
uITLA
DSP 30x30mm
Driver 14x8mm
CPL
≤ 55mm
≤ 90mm
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Compact Optical Tx and Rx …DSP Assist
DSP
PBC
AD
C
DAC PBS
LD
LD
Tx
Rx
Coupling
loss
Chirp
Phase error
Extinction
ratio
Loss
imbalance
Vpi
Coupling
loss
Coupling
loss
Performance enhancement by DSP
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Very Low Voltage MZ Modulator
25
Y. Ueda et al., We1.B.2, ECOC 2013
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Modulation Characteristics
26
Y. Ueda et al., We1.B.2, ECOC 2013
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Optical Integration is key to size and cost reduction
27
NTT Electronics Corp. ©2013 – proprietary & confidential
Roadmap of Digital Coherent Products
31
2011 2012 2013 2014+
TRx
(OIF)
DSP
IRM
Modulator
T-LD
OTN-LSI
OIF-MSA-1.1
1st GEN: 5 x 7”, ~ 80 W
1st GEN
27 x 48 x 7 mm
1.2 W (typ.)
Silica-LiNbO3 hybrid integration
118 x 13.5 x 7 mm
1 slot/40G 2 slots/100G
2nd GEN High performance
30 x 30 mm ~ 25 W
37.5 x 37.5 mm
~ 45 W
1st GEN Low power
2nd GEN Low power
OIF-MSA-1.2
2nd GEN: 4 x 5”, ~ 45 W
400G support
2nd GEN
19 x 33 x 6.5 mm
SFF, same side I/O
105 x 13.5 x 7 mm
Filter-less
VOA-less
2 slots/400G
Dual-carrier mod.
ITLA
6.5 W
30.5 x 74 x 10.5 mm Narrow linewidth TLA
21×13×8 mm
Japan Project
1 slot/100G
15×6 ×6 mm
~2.5 W
Pluggable
(CFP2?)
3rd GEN
10 x 40 x 6 mm
Tunable transmitter
12 x 55 x 9 mm
m-ITLA
100G-OTN-LSI
★Connection w/DSP