Oral Surgery
Volume 2
Dental Surgery/Minor Oral Surgery
• Definition includes all surgical procedures within the
oral cavity that can be performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis.
As a specialized area within OMS all basic principles of this medical discipline apply
to Dental/Minor Oral Surgery as well.
Surgical procedure
-each surgical procedure represents an injury and only:- the intention to bring healing- the patients agreement to the procedure- responsible screening about own skills
and equipment
protects from legal action!!!!!
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
• INSTRUMENTS • FOR • GENERAL TREATMENT
• - ORAL INVESTIGATION• - PREOPERATIVE TREATMENT• - POSTOPERATIVE CARE
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
• FOR SURGICAL TREATMENT• A = EXTRACTION• B = SOFT TISSUE SURGERY• C = BONE SURGERY
• = MOST OF THE SURGICAL TREATMENTS ARE COMBINATIONS
A,B + C
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTSGeneral treatment
• Standard instruments for oral investigation• tweezer, probe and mouth mirror
Surgical instrumentspreop.treatment - anaesthesia
Surgical instrumentsanaesthesia
Surgical instrumentsanaesthesia
Tooth extractionInstruments
Forceps • Incisors - upper + lower• Canine\ bicuspid - upper + lower• molar - upper right + upper left + lower 3rd molar - upper + lower root forceps - upper + lower
forceps of smaller size for deciduous teeth
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The forceps for upper incisors is straight with • closed beaks
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The forceps for upper canines and bicuspids• can be straight or slightly angled • beaks open about 2 mm
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The forceps for upper molars are angled• beaks are open about 2 mm• vestibular beak with tooth/ palate beak round• angle and toothed beak indicate right/left
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The cowhorn forceps is a special instruments upper molars. Two ended beak holds the palatal root firm, while the one ended beak inserts
between vestibular roots.
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The root forceps is angled and of slim design to be able to reach deep into the alveola,
• beaks small, pointy and closed
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The bone forceps has round beaks like a spoon with sharp edges in order to cut bone and not
compress
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The forceps for lower incisors are angled with small beaks. The beaks are
closed.
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The forceps for lower canines and bicuspids are angled with medium sized beaks. The beaks
are open about 2 mm.
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
• The forceps for lower molars are angled, the beaks are open about 3mm with teeth on
both beaks.
Surgical instrumentsextraction - forceps
Surgical instrumentsextraction – forceps
tooth separator
Tooth extractionInstruments
ElevatorsToday there exists numerous elevators of
different shapes, we can identify 3 groups:1st> straight elevators2nd angled elevators3rd hooked\curved elevators
Surgical instrumentsExtraction - Elevators
Hooked Angled Straight
Surgical instrumentsextraction - elevators
Surgical instrumentsextraction - elevators
Surgical instrumentsextraction - elevator
Surgical instrumentsextraction – elevatorsangled hooked
Surgical instrumentsextraction - elevators
• Some elevator handles are specially designed to enable the dentist to apply a higher force.
Surgical instrumentsSupport
-Mouth opener
Surgical instrumentsSupport
Mouth opener
Surgical instrumentsSupport
Surgical instrumentsSupport
Surgical instrumentsSupport
Surgical instrumentsSupport
Silver probe
Surgical instrumentsSupport
The silver probe is to examine a possible oral antral
communication.
Connection from the oral cavity into the maxillary sinus after extraction of upper bicuspids or molars
Tooth extraction- related factsBone resorption after extraction
Classification of procedures
The difficulties within each surgical treatment together with the actual demand for surgical skills and experience as well asequipment mark the classification of a surgical procedure: SAC – Classification S = Simple A= Advanced C= Complex
Oro-antral communication
Oro-Antral Communication
Oro-Antral communication