Plant Structure Unit Mrs. Krajewski
Plant CharacteristicsPlant Cells
CELLS
Plants are made a small building blocks called cells. Different parts of a cell do different jobs.
Ex: some cells may have the job of making food for the plant
All plants are made up of cells.
CELLS: Make up a plant. Cells are organized into tissue and tissue is organized into organs.
What do plants need to survive?
Plants need:
•Sunlight•Water•Carbon dioxide•Minerals from the soil
Make a 4 fold!
Habitats
Plant Habitats:
Plants live in many different habitats. Some can survive in extremely cold or hot weather. Some plants such as lilies can grow in water by using the soil at the bottom of a pond!
Photosynthesis Chorophyll
The process of making the sugar, which is the food the plant needs to survive.
Plants make their own food!
Let’s read pages 48 and 49!
Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts of leaf cells.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll.
“chloro” is a Greek word for “green”. Chlorophyll makes plants green in color.
Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight.
Questions – Text p. 49
Check Point Questions:
What are the 3 characteristics of plants?
In what part of a plant cell does photosynthesis occur?
Parts of a Plant
The Main Parts of a Plant:
1.Roots2.Stems3.Leaves
Roots
Roots:
Grow downward in the soil.
a) Function:1. absorb water from the soil.
2. absorb nutrients from the soil.
3. hold the plant in place
4. roots in some plants store food.
Types of Roots1. Taproots have one lard root (ex: dandelions, carrots, and parsnips).
2. Fibrous Roots spread out and no one root is larger or important than another.
3. Root Hairs: threadlike cells on a root that take in water and minerals. Most roots have root hairs.
Tap Roots
Fibrous Roots
Root Hairs
Stems
Stems
What is a stem?
A stem grows above ground level.
What is its function?
1. Carry water , minerals, and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.
2. Support leaves and flower.
Types of StemsWoody Stems
Soft, Green Stems
1. Woody Stems: Are found in larger
plants to give the plant extra support.
Types of StemsWoody Stems
Soft, Green Stems
2. Soft, Green stems:Are found in smaller plants like the strawberry plant or daisies.
Leaves
Leaves
What is a leaf?
The main food-making part of a leaf.
Main Parts:
1. Veins2. Epidermis3. Chlorophyll4. Stomata
Veins, Epidermis, Chlorophyll, and Stomata
Veins: are bundles of tubes that carry water to the leaf and food from the leaf to the stem and roots.
Epidermis: is the protective layers that keeps the leaf from drying out and losing water.
Chlorophyll: is a green substance which traps the sun’s energy; which is used to make food.
Stomata: are tiny openings on the bottom side of the leaf, which allows gas and water vapor to pass in and out.
Leaves
Types of Leaves:
1.Pinnate Leaves
2.Palmate Leaves
Pinnate Leaves
Pinnate: Have parallel veins
(running the same direction).
Example: grass, corn, tulips, and onions.
Grass, corn, tulips, and onions.
GRASS LEAVES
ONION LEAVESTULIP LEAVES CORN LEAVES
Palmate Leaves
Palmate: Have veins that
branch out from the center of the leaf.
Ex: maple, rose, and poinsettia leaves.
Maple, rose, or poinsettia?
MAPLE
ROSE POINSETTIA
What type of leaf is it?PALMATE LEAVES
PINNATE LEAVES
homeworkRelate to Social Studies
1. PICK A STATE2. FIND THE STATE FLOWER3. WRITE ONE FACT ABOUT THE STATE FLOWER4. DOES IT HAVE PINNATE OR PALMATE LEAVES?5. PRINT OR DRAW A PICTURE
Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant
Cycle:
1.Seeds2.Seedlings3.Mature
Plant4.Flowers5.Fruit6.Seed
Part 1Seeds: an underdeveloped plant with stored food sealed in a protective covering, seed coat. Ex: coconut seed
Part 2Seedlings: the germination of a seed sprouting into a new, young plant.
Part 3Mature Plant: the plant has grown enough to produce its own seeds.
Part 4Flowers: the mature plant will produce flowers that will be pollinated by insects or wind.
Part 5Fruit: the ovary of some flowers will grow into fruit which surrounds the new seed.
Ex: apples and peaches.
Part 6Seed: the ovary of some flowers become seeds or seed pods.
Ex: apples and peaches.