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WELCOMES YOU ALL
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WHAT IS AN ACTUATOR One who actuates, or puts into action.
A mechanism that puts something into automatic action
Actuators are special gears driven by electric motor. Actuators are used for remote operation for Shut Off /
Regulating valves or Dampers.
Can be equipped with switching / signaling devices, for
protection, interlocking and indication purposes.
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WHY AN ACTUATOR ? When the valve to be operated is very big.
Operating time is long
Operation is frequent.
Process linked.
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FUNCTIONS OF AN ACTUATOR
Actuators play an important role in automation
of process controls in industries.
Actuators are required to regulate flow,
velocity,draft or pressure of the process fluids.
The type of actuators depends on the power to
vary the orifice area in the valve body.
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CLASSIFICATION
Rotary / Linear actuator.
Part turn / Multi turn
Regulating / Non-regulating
Intelligent / Self Controlled / Normal.
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SELECTION OF ACTUATOR
TORQUE REQUIRED TO OPERATE THEVALVE
REGULATING / ON OFF DUTY
OPERATING TIME
STROKE LENGTH
PITCH DIAMETER
TYPE OF COUPLING
TYPE OF MEDIUM TO BE CONTROLLED
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ELECTRIC, PNEUMATIC & HYDRAULIC
ACTUATORSA COMPARISON
ELECTRIC PNEUMATIC HYDRAULIC
1) Economic
2) Simple Control
3) Reliable for Shortperiod Operation
4) Easy to install
5) Easy to maintain
6) Tight shutoff
1) Precise
Positioning
Fast Control
2) Easily
integrated to
control system
3) Basically
Linear
4) Lack in
Stiffness
5) Lack in
reliability
1) Stiff
2) Slow in
response
3) Complex
4) Require
additional
system
5) Difficult to
maintain
6) Linear
characteristic
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Actuators are used in: Power Generating stations
Steel, cement and glass industries
Pipe lines for transport of crude oil,natural gas or water
Air conditioning units
Food industries Any Process Industries which requires
automation of process control.
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ELECTRICAL PARTS OF ACTUATORS
Motors
Torque and Limit Switches
Terminals and Wiring
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MOTOR
Electric Actuators are equipped withsurface cooled, squirrel cage inductionmotors.
1 Phase or 3 phase motors or DC Motors
Class F insulated
S2 15 min - ON/OFF duty
S4 / S5 25% -1200 cycles / hour rated,
Modulating duty. Actuator motors are short time rated; as
the high inertia of continuously ratedmotors will inevitably damage the valves.
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MOTORS
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Motor Protection Athermistorembedded in the
windings shall directly sense motor
temperature and protect againstoverheating.
BMRBiMetal Relays In Motor
Control Centre
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Limit Switches
Position Limit switches ensure valve
operation within allowable ranges
Position Limits should be set every
time, any work carried out in
actuator, coupling block or valve
which results in disturbance in
position setting.
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Limit Assembly
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Torque Switches
Torque switches protect the valve against overtorque.
Torque setting is done when the actuator iscommissioned first and it should not bedisturbed .
Once the torque switch has tripped in eitherdirection, it can only be reset by operation of theactuator electrically or manually in the oppositedirection.
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Torque Switches
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Terminals and Wiring
Internal wiring is tropical grade
insulated, standard cable and
each wire is number identified in
accordance with terminalnumbering.
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TERMINAL PLAN
ELEC/O&A/AUTOMATICS / TS-II
M
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24R Y B
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
OT CT OL-1
CL-1 OL-2 CL-2
POTWINDING
THERMOSWITCH
3~
TERMINAL PLAN FOR ACTUATORS
OT- Open torqueCT-Close torqueOL- Open limitCL- Close limitPOT-Potentiometer
46 47 48
The switch position corresponds to valve in mid position
OL2- Auxiliary Open L/SCL2- Auxiliary Close L/S
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MECHANICAL PARTS
1. CENTRE COLUMN2. WORM SHAFT
3. WORM WHEEL4. LIMIT DRIVE SHAFT5. TORQUE SENSING MECHANISM
6. CLUTCH MECHANISM7. BASE ASSEMBLY8. DRIVE SLEEVE
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1. CENTRE COLUMN
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2 . WORM SHAFT
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WORM SHAFT
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3 . WORM WHEEL
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WORM WHEEL
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4 . TORQUE SENSINGMECHANISM
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TORQUE SENSING MECHANISM
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5 . CLUTCHMECHANISM
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CLUTCH MECHANISM
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6 . BASE ASSEMBLYOR
COUPLING BLOCK
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Output Drive Assembly
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TYPE A
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TYPE B,C,D,E
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DRIVE NUTSOR
STEM NUT
DRIVE SLEEVE
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DRIVE SLEEVE
DRIVE SLEEVE
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DRIVE SLEEVE
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FULLY ASSEMBLED ACTUATOR
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CONTROL SCHEME
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POWER CIRCUIT
CONTROL CIRCUIT
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CONTROL CIRCUIT
CONTROL CIRCUIT
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CONTROL CIRCUIT
21
OPEN COMMAND
(FROM UCB)
03 04 26 29 42 39201930
CLOSE COMMAND
(FROM UCB)
TO CVA PANEL
A B C D E F
COUPLING
RELAY
PANEL
VALVE IN OPERATION SWITCHGEAR
HEALTHY
POWER AND CONTROL CIRCUITTS II / ELEC/ O&A/AUTOMATICS PAGE : 1/1ENGLISH ELECTRIC MODULEMODIFIED
11.07.2006
05 06 07 08 13
9698
95 O/L
(N)
CLOSE
TEST
OPEN
TEST
R G
2P3
2P4
K2
0202
H10 H11
23
2P3
2P4
K1
A
B
K1
A
B
K2
1P1
1P2
K11P1
1P2
K2
09 19
A1
A2
K5
31
1507
01
17 0354
51
K5S37 1S13
1S14
S38 1S13
1S14Q
O/L
F1-F3
K1 K2
R
Y
B
R Y B
M
415/110V
T1
v1
v2
F10
X5
V1
V2
E21
E61
E25
E65
F57
F58
2A
2A 2AE20
E60
14
1716
15
90
N415 V, 3 ,4W, 50 Hz BUS
415 V TEST SUPPLY BUS
01 02
02
51 54
2P1
2P2
K2
2P1
2P2
K1
39
35
POWER
CIRCUITCONTROL
TRANSFORMER OLR
SUPERVISION
CONTACTOR
TEST PUSH
BUTTONS
OPEN
CONTACTOR
CLOSE
CONTACTORINDICATION CIRCUITS
( LOCAL )
SWITCH GEAR TROUBLE
INDICATION TO UCB
0202
01
01
02
4748
5960
K5
37
37
2427
4645
56
57
55
58
STAGE-2
DAMPERS
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LOGICDIAGRAMS
STAGE 1 LOGIC DIAGRAM
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STAGE 1 LOGIC DIAGRAM
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STAGE 2 LOGIC DIAGRAM
PRE COMMISSIONING CHECK
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PRE COMMISSIONING CHECK
LIST
1.LIMIT SWITCH CHECK 2.TORQUE SWITCH CHECK
3.WINDING RESISTANCE & IR VALUE
OF THE MOTOR AND CABLE 4.CONTROL CABLE FEEDBACK TO
UCB
5.SWITCHGEAR HEALTHINESS ( OLR,
FUSES) 6.DELAY IN POWER CONTACTORS
ACTION
COMMISSIONING
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COMMISSIONING
1 . KEEP THE VALVE IN THE MIDDLE 2 . CHECK THE DOR RECEIVE COMMAND
FROM SWITCHGEAR
3 . CLOSE THE VALVE MANUALLY AND SETTHE CLOSE LIMIT.
4 . OPEN THE VALVE MANUALLY AND SETTHE OPEN LIMIT
5 . OPERATE THE VALVE FROM UCB. 6 . CHECK FOR LIMIT AND TORQUE SWITCHACTIONS IN BOTH THE DIRECTIONS, BY
ACTUATING THEM.
ACTUATOR
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ACTUATOR CRITERIA :
OUTPUT TORQUE : KG-M (or) NM
OUTPUT SPEED : RPM NORMAL OR REGULATING DUTY
OUTPUT TYPE : A,B,C,D,E
TORQUE : K . F
F- THRUST, K-Depends On Stem Dia,Stem Pitch
THRUST F : A.delta P.C+ E Kg
A- Cross Sec ,Area Of Valve Port Cm2
delta P . Max.Diff.Pressure Kg/Cm2 C .Valve Factor Depends on
Medium is liquid or Gas Medium Temperature
Type of Valve (Parallel Side/Wedge Gate/Globe)
E.Gland Friction Allowance Depends on Stem Diameter