Submitted To – Smt. Sunita Yadav Mam
Power Sharing
Holiday Homework
Presented By – Nitin Chhaperwal Class 10 Roll No. 1015 Kendriya Vidyalaya SSTPS
WHY IS POWER SHARING DESIRABLE?• Prudential Reasons
1. It avoids conflicts between different social groups. The absence of power sharing can result in division of the country.
2. Imposing will of the majority on the minority might appear to be an attractive option but it can be counter productive and can come in way of national integration as it happened in Sri Lanka
3. The tyranny of the majority brings ruins both to the minority and the majority (as in Sri Lanka)
WHY IS POWER SHARING DESIRABLE?
• Moral Reasons1. Power sharing is the very essence of democracy.
In an ideal democracy as many people as possible should get a chance to enjoy power.
2. People are affected by all the policies of democratic politics and they have to live with the effects. Hence citizens need share in power.
3. A legitimate govt. is one where citizens, through participation, acquire stake in power.
Forms of Power Sharing
• Horizontal OR Check and Balance SystemThe Legislature The Executive The Judiciary
• Each of these organs is placed at the same level to exercise different powers
• None of them has unlimited power thus maintains balance.
• Each one of them keeps watch on the functioning of the other two.
• Hence it is called Check and Balance System
• The Central Govt. is set up for the whole nation.• The state/provincial govt. is set up for each
provinces/states.• The central govt. transfers/shares some of the powers
to/with the state govt. (as in Belgium)• In a big country like India, this type of two tier system is not
sufficient.• So we have the third tier – the Local Self Govt.• Both the Central and State govt. have transferred power
and resources to the Local bodies.
Central Govt.
State Govt.
Local Bodies
Vertical Power Sharing
• Socially weaker sections also have to have share in power.
• Community govt. in Belgium is one example for this type of power sharing.
• In India, it is done by way of reservation.• Constituencies and seats are reserved for women, SCs
and STs.• Thus power is shared among different social groups.
Power Sharing among different social groups
SCs
STs
Women
Power Sharing among Political parties, pressure groups and movements
• No political party enjoys power for ever.• It is for the people to decide who should be in power.• With the emergence of coalition govt. many parties
share power at the same time.• Pressure groups and movements have share in power by
exerting pressure on the govt.• They exert pressure by various means and get policies
framed in their favour.
Forms of Power sharing…
Amongst different organs of Govt.
legislature, executive and judiciary
Results in balance of
power
Each organ checks the
other
Horizontal distribution as it allows different organs
to exercise different powers
All ministers /Govt. Officials are
responsible to parliament/ state
assemblies
No organ gets unlimited
powers
A system of checks and balances
Judges can also check the work of
other organs
Forms of Power sharing…
Among Govts. at different
levels
A general govt. for the entire country-called
Centre and govts at the provincial/regional level.
Federal Govt.
State Govt.
Constitutional distribution of power
to the state and centre
Same with Panchayat and Municipality
Vertical division of power
Forms of Power sharing…
Different Social groups, religious/
linguistic
Accommodates social diversities who would
feel otherwise alienated.
Forms of Power sharing…
Political parties, pressure groups and
movements influence those in power
Influence of interest groups-businessmen, industrialists, farmers
and industrial workers.
Formation of coalition Govt.when
different parties form alliances
Thank You