Presentation Basics: PowerPoint Presentations
Alen AmirkhanianAUA Acopian Center for the EnvironmentAUA Center for Responsible MiningAmerican University of Armenia
It is different from:
•Books or reports•Orations•Radio broadcasts•TV broadcasts/movies
Why do we do presentations?
But like all of the above, presentations try to make points, tell a story, present facts and analyses.
Let’s review suggestions on how to do these effectively.
I. BASIC FORMATTING
II. STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION
III. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or book)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
1. On the cover page include your
name(s), the course name, project title, and date, etc.
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
EXAMPLE
Title: Renewable Energy: Wind
Names: Maro Maroyan and Gago Gagoyan Project ID: Assignment #3Course Name: IE351. Engineering Green BuildingsDate: Fall 2015School: AUA College of Science & Engineering
2. Make all fonts bold; makes it easier to read when projected on a wall
3. Try to keep to the following font sizes: 24-32 for headlines on each page and 18-20 on text
4. Do not use hard to read fonts. Stick to Ariel, Calibri, Times New Roman, etc.
5. Put space between each bullet point
6. All bullet points must start with a capital letter (American style)
7. My preference is to keep background blank, preferably white
I. BASIC FORMAT
Formatting should help understanding not hinder it!
I. BASIC FORMATTING
II. STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION
III. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or book)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
How do you organize your presentation?
• Beginning: Short, should set up the issue or problem
• Middle: Main findings and ideas presented and discussed
• End: Emphasize the main points you want the audience to remember
You need to think about what goes into its beginning, middle, and end.
• Know your audience (children, adults, experts, layperson, …)
• Identify the main goal of the presentation (problem-solution; discovery; demonstration; opinion and persuasion; historical account; telling a story; …)
• Identify the key points you need to make
• Have adequate facts, figures, and images to support your key points
• DO NOT: give too much background, digress, add too much information, have too little information, …
Keep in mind when organizing your presentation
I. BASIC FORMATTING
II. STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION
III. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or book)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
II. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or a book)
1. Use bullet points
2. Each bullet point should contain one idea
3. Express the idea in a basic form
4. Express idea in one sentence
5. Do not digress from your topic
6. Highlight key points + put them in a larger context or provide comparatives
7. Include all the points that are critical; don’t assume that it’s enough to cover it as a speaking point
8. Use color changes to highlight key points
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
IntroductionIntroduction Using wind is one of the cleanest, most sustainable ways Using wind is one of the cleanest, most sustainable ways to generate electricity. Wind power produces no toxic to generate electricity. Wind power produces no toxic emissions and none of the heat trapping emissions that emissions and none of the heat trapping emissions that contribute to global warming. This, and the fact that contribute to global warming. This, and the fact that wind power is one of the most abundant and increasingly wind power is one of the most abundant and increasingly cost-competitive energy resources, makes it a viable cost-competitive energy resources, makes it a viable alternative to the fossil fuels that harm our health and alternative to the fossil fuels that harm our health and threaten the environment. threaten the environment.
You are not writing a book or a report? You need to have your points as bullets
SAMPLE: Use bullet points
Solar thermal and PV systems• In the R.A. on a horizontal surface approximately 1000 W/m2 peak of free
energy is available. • There are different ways to extract solar insolation to either electricity or
thermal energy. • The first way is the extraction of solar insolation via photovoltaic (PV)
solar panels which convert solar energy to electrical. Construction of these systems is related to the utilization of expensive materials like Silicon or other semiconductors.
• PV panels available in the markets at present doesn’t exceed 20% which means that maximum 20% of incident solar radiation is finally converted to electrical current. And the cheapest known price for these types of systems is approcimately $4 per watt or $4000 for 1kW electrical power.
• Solar thermal technologies utilize the heat from the sun to offset the water heating demand of a building.
SAMPLE: Do Not Digress and Do Develop Ideas Effectively
SAMPLE: Do Not Digress and Do Develop Ideas Effectively
Solar thermal• The typical measure of exposure to the sun of a given area is called
“insolation.”
• The higher the insolation level of an area, the higher its potential to harness solar energy to generate electricity or heat.
• In the R.A. on a horizontal surface, approximately 1000 W/m2 peak of free energy is available.
• Solar thermal technologies use this free heat from the sun to meet water heating demand of a building.
Example of how I would do this slideSAMPLE: Do Not Digress and Do Develop Ideas Effectively
Favorable natural resourcesSolar insolation data for different regions of Armenia have been collected from different sources.
The term solar insolation indicates the measure of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time.
For demonstrating the solar energy potential in Armenia obviously note that a square with a base equal to 6 km can provide all needed power of the country.
An average irradiation energy in Yerevan is 1700kW/m2 which is 1.7 times larger than the irradiation in Germany the leader in solar energy usage in the world.
SAMPLE: Do Not Digress and Do Develop Ideas Effectively
Favorable natural resources
In Yerevan, the average annual insolation, the amount of solar radiation received on a square meter, is:
1700kW/m2
This is 1.7 times larger than the insolation in Germany, the leader in solar energy usage in the world.
SOLAR POTENTIAL IN ARMENIA: A 6 km2 of land in Armenia can provide all the electrical power needs of the country.
I. BASIC FORMATTING
II. STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION
III. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or book)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPP)
IMAGES
•Pictures and diagrams are there to help make a point. They are not decoration.
•Too many pictures can be distracting. There is only so much time you can spend on one slide.
•Avoid images with too much information.
•You need takeaways (i.e., text that highlights the key points) of a graph, chart, or picture.
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
Duration of real seasonal and annual solar radiation (in hours)
Station Altitude (m) Winter Spring Summer Fall Year
Yerevan 942 330 643 1019 699 2690
Tashir 1505 467 514 589 489 2060
Gyumri 1556 440 605 918 652 2615
Sevan 1918 492 622 932 702 2748
Kapan 704 461 511 830 491 2293
Martuni 820 384 655 1157 772 2968MAXMAX
2nd2nd
3rd3rd
COMPARISONGermany = 1700Italy = 2600California= 3000
TOTAL NUMBER OF HOURS (DAY AND NIGHT) IN A YEAR = 8760
WHAT IS MISSING?
SAMPLE: Highlight key takeaways + help viewer understand the facts in context or with comparatives
Data sourceDate of data
Date of publication
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPP)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
ANIMATION
•Animation is used effectively when it helps ease understanding and emphasize points.
•Avoid too much animation. It is annoying and distracting.
•To transition slides – my suggestion is to be used only if absolutely necessary.
I. BASIC FORMATTING
II. STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION
III. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or book)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
PLAGARISM | Գրագողություն
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPP)
• The sentence presented should be your understanding of what you have read
• You should not simply copy and paste
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
I. BASIC FORMATTING
II. STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION
III. EXPRESSING IDEAS (PPP is not a report or book)
IV. USE OF IMAGES AND ANIMATION
V. COPY/PASTE IS NOT SATISFACTORY
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPPs)
1. Source your statements, facts, and figures
2. Follow standard referencing format to avoid confusion
3. Make sure you data source is dated
General Rules of PowerPoint Presentations (PPP)
VI. REFERENCING THE SOURCES
Note: (*) Recovered waste includes both recycled as well as composted waste. In 2008, Americans recovered 82.9 million tons of waste: ~61 million tons through recycling and ~22 million tons of waste through composting.
Source: “Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2008” (US EPA; 2009)
US Municipal Solid Waste Recovered*, 1960-2008
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Note: (*) Recovered waste includes both recycled as well as composted waste. In 2008, Americans recovered 82.9 million tons of waste: ~61 million tons through recycling and ~22 million tons of waste through composting.
Source: “Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2008” (US EPA; 2009)
US Municipal Solid Waste Recovered*, 1960-2008
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INPU
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The Metabolism of City of London(1995-96; Population 7 million)
Tonnes per year Tonnes per year per capita
Fuel, oil equivalent 20,000,000 2.86Oxygen 40,000,000 5.71Water 1,002,000,000 143.14Food 2,400,000 0.34Timber 1,200,000 0.17Paper 2,200,000 0.31Plastics 2,100,000 0.30Glass 360,000 0.05Cement 1,940,000 0.28Bricks, blocks, & tarmac 6,000,000 0.86Metals 1,200,000 0.17
CO2 60,000,000 8.57SO2 400,000 0.06NO2 280,000 0.04Wet, digested sewage sludge 7,500,000 1.07Industrial and demolition waste 11,400,000 1.63Households, civic, and commercial wastes 3,900,000 0.56
Source: Compiled by Herbert Girardet and printed in Creating Sustainable Cities (1999); per capita calc by Alen Amirkhanian
END
Thank you for your attention!
QUESTIONS?