TRAINING SEMINARON
NAVIGATIONAL AIDS
ATAIRPORT AUTHORITY
OF INDIASUBMITTED BY:Akshay KumarID-09EJCEC010
SUBMITTED TO:Prof. S. S. Shekhawat
AAI:PORTFOLIOWorks under Ministry of Civil Aviation(MOCA)It provides:Air Traffic
Services
Construction and development
of airports and air routes
ATM
CNS
CNS
COMMUNICATION
SURVEILLANCE
NAVIGATIONAL AIDS
COMMUNICATIONWays to Communicate at AAI:
Voice Data
VHF
HF
AFTN
AMHS
NAVIGATIONAL-AIDS'ART' of determining the position of an
aircraft over earth's surface and guiding its progress from one place to anotherNav-Aids used by AAI:
NDB VOR DME ILSSat. Nav.
NDB: Non Directional BeaconProvides relative
bearing to the aircraft w.r.t. direction of NDB equipment irrespective of aircraft headingUsed by aircraft to help obtain a fix of their geographic location on the surface of the EarthMost commonly used as "locators" for an instrument landing system (ILS) approach and standard approaches
6
3
121521
24
N
S
EW30
33
NDB
VOR: VHF Omni RangeA standard ICAO ground based radio navigational aid.Type of short-range radio navigation system for aircraftEnable the aircraft to determine their position and stay on course by receiving radio signals transmitted by a network of fixed ground radio beacons, with a receiver unit.Transmits 30 Hz reference and a variable signal whose phase shift is detected at receiver and gives the relative reading on the indicator as to where the aircraft is flying relative to the VOR station.
CDI DEVIATION
180°
N360°
VOR/DME
OBS = 360
TO
CourseOBS = 30
180°
N360°
VOR/DME
TO
CourseOBS = 30
180°
N360°
VOR/DME
DME: DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENTSSystem combining Ground Based and
Airborne Equipment to measure the distance of the aircraft from a ground stationProvides slant distance of the aircraft from the ground equipment/station
ILS: INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM
Guides the aircraft as to where to land on the runwaySystem comprises of three parts: Locali
zerGlide Scope
Marker
RUN WAY LLZ ANT
1000to1500ft
LLZ BLDG
200 ft
GPGP & DMEANTENNA
1000ft 450ft
Runway threshold
MMOM
4 NM
AIRCRAFT
3500ft
LOCALIZER
GLIDE SCOPE
MARKER
OMMMIM
Outer Marker : OMMiddle Marker : MMInner Marker : IM
MARKER
OMMMIM
Outer Marker : OMMiddle Marker : MMInner Marker : IM
MARKER
OMMMIM
Outer Marker : OMMiddle Marker : MMInner Marker : IM
ILS PERFORMANCE CATEGORIES
CAT I
CAT II
CAT IIIACAT IIIBCAT IIIC
Operations
Decision Height
Above 60m
Between 30 to 60m
Lower than 30mLower than 15mNo Decision Height
SATELLITE NAVIGATIONSatellite-based augmentation systems
(SBAS), such as GAGAN, WAAS, EGNOS and MSAS, complement existing global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)SBAS compensate for certain disadvantages of GNSS in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity and availabilityBased on the transmission of differential corrections and integrity messages for navigation satellites that are within sight of a network of reference stations deployed across an entire continent
THANK YOU…
ANY QUERIES?
??