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PPRRIISSOONNSSTTAATTIISSTTIICCSSIINNDDIIAA
22000088
: 011-26172324, 26105353, 26177442Fax : 011-26197984
E-Mail : [email protected]
Web Site : http://ncrb .gov.in
National Crime Records BureauMinistry of Home Affairs
Government of IndiaEast Block - 7, R.K. Puram
New Delhi - 110 066
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I express my gratitude to the Directors General / Inspectors General of Prisons
of States / UTs for sending the required information. However, there is no gainsaying
the fact that timeliness of publication of the report is of paramount importance in
preserving the relevance and utility of the information. Hence, I request the DirectorsGeneral / Inspectors General of Prisons of all States / UTs to take personal interest in
the matter so that the complete and consistent data reaches us expeditiously. In the
context of the capacity-building needs of Prison Departments of States / UTs, NCRB
has started training-cum-sensitisation programmes to impart the necessary
knowledge and skills to personnel at State / UT level dealing with the data on
prisons.
I take this opportunity to record my sincere thanks to the Union Ministry of
Home Affairs for providing valuable help in expediting the process of data collection. I
also commend the hard work of the officers and staff of the Statistical Branch of the
Bureau in coordinating with the Prison Departments of States / UTs and bringing out
this report.
It is our constant endeavour to improve the content and presentation of the
report. I invite the readers to be our partners in our endeavour by sending their
suggestions in the feedback form attached at the end of this report.
(Rajiv Mathur)
20th October, 2010
New Delhi
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PRISON STATISTICS : PUBLICATION OVER THE YEARS
PUBLISHED IN
YEAR
MONTH YEAR
1995 JUNE 1998
1996 MAY 1999
1997 JANUARY 2000
1998 DECEMBER 2000
1999 AUGUST 2001
2000 APRIL 2002
2001 MARCH 2004
2002 JULY 2004
2003 SEPTEMBER 2005
2004 NOVEMBER 2006
2005 JUNE 2007
2006 MAY 2008
2007 JULY 2009
2008 OCTOBER 2010
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OFFICERS & OFFICIALS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PUBLICATION
Guidance
Shri Rajiv Mathur, IPS Director General
Editorial Board
Shri Nasir Kamal, IPS Joint Director
Shri Alok Kumar Verma, ISSChief Statistical Officer
Shri R.B. Singh, ISS Statistical Officer
Editorial Board Cover Page
Shri C. Sivakumar, DPA-A
Shri Ashwani Kr. Chaudhary,
DEO-D
Shri Suresh Bohra, DPA-A
Shri Vikram Rana, DEO-B
Maps & Graphics
Shri C. Sivakumar, DPA-A
Front cover page top photo: PM's visit to Tihar Jail. Courtesy: Tihar Jail, Delhi.
Front cover page bottom photo: Volleyball match in progress. Courtesy: Mizoram Prison Department.
Back cover photo:All India Conference of Correctional Administrators held at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhibetween 8-9 September, 2010.
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GLOSSARY
Borstal School
The primary objective of Borstal school is to ensure care, welfare andrehabilitation of young offenders and to keep them away from contaminating
atmosphere of the prison. The emphasis is given on the education, trainingand moral influence conducive for their reformation and prevention of crime.
Convict
Means any prisoner undergoing sentence.
Detenue
Any person detained in prison on the orders of competent authorityunder the relevant preventive detention law.
Occupancy rate
The number of inmates accommodated in jail against the authorizedcapacity of 100 inmates.
Overcrowding
The occupancy rate of more than 100 percent results in overcrowdingin the jail.
Prison population
Number of prisoners kept in prison at any given point of time. Theprison population keeps changing because of addition of new prisoners andrelease of the old ones.
Special Jails
Special jail means any prison provided for confinement of prisonerswho have committed serious violations of prison discipline or prisoners
showing tendencies towards violence or aggression or difficult disciplinecases of habitual offenders or a group of professional organised criminals.
Undertrial prisoner
Means a person kept in prison (judicial custody) while the chargesagainst him are being tried.
Women Jail
The jails functioning exclusively for women prisoners.
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S N A P S H O T S - 2008
Total Number of Jails in the country : 1,356Central Jails : 114 Women Jails : 18
District Jails : 313 Open Jails : 32
Sub Jails : 830 Other Jails : 49
Total Capacity of Jails in the country : 2,97,777Central Jails : 1,30,473(43.8%) Women Jails : 3,500 (1.2%)
District Jails : 1,11,580 (37.5%) Open Jails : 3,401 (1.1%)
Sub Jails : 41,590 (14.0%) Other Jails : 7,233 (2.4%)
Total Number of Jail Inmates as on 31.12.2008 : 3,84,753Male : 3,68,824 (95.9%) Female : 15,929 (4.1%)
Convicts : 1,23,307 (32.0% of total inmates) Undertrial Prisoners : 2,57,928 (67.0% of total inmates)
Male : 1,18,914 (96.4% of total convicts) Male : 2,46,526 (95.6% of total undertrials)
Female : 4,393 (3.6% of total convicts) Female : 11,402 (4.4% of total undertrials)
Detenues: 2,978 (0.8% of total inmates) Others : 540 (0.1% of total inmates)
Male : 2,886 (96.9% of total detenues) Male : 498 (92.2% of total others)
Female : 92 (3.1% of total detenues) Female : 42 (7.8% of total others)
Foreigners
Convicts : 1,847 Undertrials : 3,142 Detenues : 102
(Male : 1,644, Female : 203) (Male : 2,580, Female : 562) (Male : 102, Female : 0)
No Borstal school exists in any of the UTs. The highest number of80,809 inmates (78,115 male : 2,694 female) were reported from
Uttar Pradesh (21.0%)followed by Bihar 37,709 (36,480 male : 1,229 female) at the end
of the year 2008.
Chhattisgarh reported the highest overcrowding of prisons (215.2%) followed by UttarPradesh (191.6%).
406 Women Convicts with their 484 children and 1,363 Women undertrials with their1,639 children were reported to be in prisons in the country at the end of 2008.
(i)
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Maximum number of 21,675 (21,002 male : 673 female) Convicts were reported fromUttar Pradesh (17.6% of total Convicts in the Country) followed by Madhya Pradesh
16,102 (15,706 male : 396 female) accounting for 13.1% of the total convicts in the
country at the end of the year 2008.
Murder alone accounted for 57.4% of the total Convicts under IPC Crimes. The highestpercentage of Murder Convicts was reported from Madhya Pradesh (15.7%) followed byUttar Pradesh (11.5%) of the total Murder convicts at the end of the year 2008.
The highest number of Graduate (1,183) and Post Graduate (287) Convicts were reportedfrom Uttar Pradesh at the end of the year 2008.
The highest percentage (26.6%) of undertrials were charged with Murder. Uttar Pradeshreported the highest number 8,353 of such Undertrials (15.6%) followed by Bihar 6,488
(12.1%).
2,130 Undertrials (0.8% of total undertrials) were detained in jails for more than 5 years atthe end of the year 2008. Punjab had the highest number of such undertrials (603) followed
by Bihar (510).
345 Convicts including 8 females lodged in different jails of the country at the end of 2008were awarded capital punishment.
67,164 Convicts accounting for 54.5% of total Convicts in the country were undergoingsentences for Life Imprisonment at the end of the year 2008.
11,801 Convicts were repeat/recidivists which accounted for 4.9% of total convictsadmitted during the year.
Number of convicts and undertrial prisoners in different age-groups
4 convicted prisoners were in the age group of 16-18 years, 42,268 in the age group of 18- 30 years, 61,675 convicts were in the age-group of 30 - 50 years and 19,360 convicts
were 50 years or more.
126 undertrial prisoners were in the age group of 16-18 years, 1,16,414 in the age group of18 - 30 years, 1,13,955 undertrials were in the age-group of 30 - 50 years and 27,433
undertrials were 50 years or more.
Rate of change in number of Convicts
Number of persons convicted under Murder charges increased by 6.1% in 2007 anddecreased by 1.6% in 2008 over respective previous year.
Number of persons convicted under Attempt to Murder increased by 18.6% in 2007 anddecreased by 10.7% in 2008 over respective previous year.
(ii)
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Number of persons convicted under Rape charges decreased by 1.1% in 2007 and
increased by 10.3% in 2008 over respective previous year.
Number of persons convicted under Dacoity increased by 5.1% in 2007 and decreased by6.7% in 2008 over respective previous year.
Number of persons convicted under Robbery increased by 7.8% in 2007 and 0.1% in 2008over respective previous year.
Rate of change in number of Undertrial prisoners
Number of undertrial prisoners under Murder charges increased by 0.8% in 2007 anddecreased by 1.5% in 2008 over respective previous year
Number of undertrial prisoners under Attempt to Murder charge increased by 0.1% in 2007and decreased by 5.0% in 2008 over respective previous year.
Number of undertrial prisoners under Rape charge increased by 1.5% in 2007 and 10.7%in 2008 over respective previous year.
Number of undertrial prisoners under Dacoity charge increased by 1.4% in 2007 anddecreased by 1.9% in 2008 over respective previous year.
Number of undertrial prisoners under Robbery charge increased by 1.9% in 2007 anddecreased by 7.9% in 2008 over respective previous year.
Prison Administration and Earning by Prison Inmates
The highest earning by inmates trained in various vocational programmes was reportedfrom Maharashtra (` 1,411.0 lakh) followed by Bihar (`1,087.0 lakh) during the year
2008.
The highest earning per inmate was reported from Maharashtra (`5,462) followed byDelhi (`5,428) as against All-India average of`1,743 during the year 2008.
3,275 (i.e. 6.6%) staff members were women out of the total 49,250 staff managing jails inthe country during the year 2008.
The highest annual expenditure per inmate was reported from Delhi (`46,360) followedby Andhra Pradesh (`38,054) as against All-India average of`14,272 during the year
2008-09.
(iii)
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Inmate Population and Strength of Jail Officials
The prisons had a strength of49,250 Jail Officials to take care of3,84,753 inmates whichamounts to 1 Jail Official per 8 inmates.
The highest number of inmates per prison staff was reported from Jharkhand (24) followedby Bihar and Gujarat (14 each).
Literacy among the prisoners
37,731 of total convicted prisoners were illiterate, 55,833 had education upto Xth class,21,487 had education above Class X but below graduation, 5,593 were graduates, 1,462
were post-graduates and 1,201 were holding some technical degree.
90,809 of total undertrial prisoners were illiterate, 1,08,077 had education upto Xth class,41,903 had education above Class X but below graduation, 10,783 were graduates, 3,423were post-graduates and 2,933 were holding some technical degree.
(iv)
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CENTRAL JAILS IN INDIA
DURING 2008
Lakshadweep
D & N HaveliDaman & Diu
Goa
Karnataka
Kerala
Gujarat
Jammu & Kashmir
Punjab
Rajasthan
Chandigarh
Haryana
Madhya Pradesh
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh
Jharkhand
Bihar
Sikkim
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Andhra Pradesh
MaharashtraOrissa
Tamil Nadu
Puducherry
A & N Islands
Chhattisgarh
Meghalaya
Tripura
Assam
Manipur
Mizoram
Arunachal Pradesh
Note:Delhi has 8 Central JailsKolkata (West Bengal) has 3 Central Jails
Bhagalpur (Bihar) has 2 Central JailsNo jails in Arunachal Pradesh
Nagaland
West Bengal
(v)
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DISTRICT JAILS IN INDIA
DURING 2008
District Jails
Nil
1 - 5
6 - 20
Above 20
No Jails
(vi)
Rajasthan25
Tripura2 Mizoram
5
Manipur0
Nagaland3
Arunachal PradeshSikkim1
Jammu & Kashmir7
Uttar Pradesh51
West Bengal12
Delhi
1
Haryana11
Uttarakhand
6
Chandigarh0
Punjab5
Himachal Pradesh2
Bihar32
Dadra & Nagar Haveli0
Puducherry1
Tamil Nadu4Kerala
3
Lakshadweep0
Goa0
Karnataka13
Meghalaya4
Maharashtra
24
Assam
18
Daman & Diu0
Gujarat8
Madhya Pradesh22
Chhattisgarh10
Orissa13
Jharkhand19
Andaman & Nicobar Islands1
Andhra Pradesh10
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SUB JAILS IN INDIA
DURING 2008
Sub Jails
Nil
1 - 20
21 - 50
51 - 110
Above 110
No Jails
(vii)
Rajasthan59
Tripura7
Mizoram0
Manipur0
Nagaland6
Arunachal PradeshSikkim0
Jammu & Kashmir3
Uttar Pradesh3
West Bengal30
Delhi
0
Haryana4
Uttarakhand2
Chandigarh0
Punjab11
Himachal Pradesh7
Bihar16
Dadra & Nagar Haveli1
Puducherry2
Tamil Nadu99
Kerala26
Lakshadweep4
Goa1
Karnataka74
Meghalaya0
Maharashtra
172
Assam1
Daman & Diu2
Gujarat11
Madhya Pradesh90
Chhattisgarh12
Orissa59
Jharkhand4
Andaman & Nicobar Islands3
Andhra Pradesh121
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WOMEN JAILS IN INDIA
DURING 2008
Lakshadweep
D & N HaveliDaman & Diu
Goa
Karnataka
Kerala
Gujarat
Jammu & Kashmir
Punjab
Rajasthan
Chandigarh
Haryana
Madhya Pradesh
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh
Jharkhand
Bihar
Sikkim
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Orissa
Tamil Nadu
Puducherry
A & N Islands
Chhattisgarh
Meghalaya
Tripura
Assam
Manipur
Mizoram
Arunachal Pradesh
Nagaland
West Bengal
(viii)
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BORSTAL SCHOOLS IN INDIA
DURING 2008
Lakshadweep
D & N HaveliDaman & Diu
Goa
Karnataka
Kerala
Gujarat
Jammu & Kashmir
Punjab
Rajasthan
Chandigarh
Haryana
Madhya Pradesh
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh
Jharkhand
Bihar
Sikkim
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Orissa
Tamil Nadu
Puducherry
A & N Islands
Chhattisgarh
Meghalaya
Tripura
Assam
Manipur
Mizoram
Arunachal Pradesh
Nagaland
West Bengal
(ix)
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OCCUPANCY RATE
AS ON 31.12.2008
Occupancy Rate
Nil
Up to 100
More than 100 and up to 150
More than 150 and up to 200
Above 200No Jails
All India Average 129.2
(x)
Rajasthan88.0
Tripura120.0
Mizoram67.8
Manipur47.9
Nagaland50.7
Arunachal PradeshSikkim130.7
Jammu & Kashmir75.7
Uttar Pradesh191.6
West Bengal98.8
Delhi
184.8
Haryana134.0
Uttarakhand141.1
Chandigarh52.6
Punjab135.5
Himachal Pradesh117.2
Bihar118.3
Dadra & Nagar Haveli76.7
Puducherry78.9
Tamil Nadu79.8Kerala
152.7
Lakshadweep118.8
Goa127.5
Karnataka110.6
Meghalaya116.8
Maharashtra110.6
Assam137.5
Daman & Diu35.8
Gujarat185.5 Madhya Pradesh
148.3Chhattisgarh
215.2Orissa
108.1
Jharkhand143.4
Andaman & Nicobar Islands71.5
Andhra Pradesh94.0
Note:
Occupancy Rate means number of inmates staying in jails against theauthorized capacity for 100 inmates.
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CONVICTS IN JAILS
AS ON 31.12.2008
Convicts in Jails
Nil
1 - 500
501 - 2,000
2,001 - 5,000
5,001 - 10,000
Above 10,000
No Jails
(xi)
Rajasthan6280
Tripura827
Mizoram329
Manipur36
Nagaland160
Arunachal PradeshSikkim68
Jammu & Kashmir338
Uttar Pradesh21675
West Bengal5981
Delhi1978
Haryana5387
Uttarakhand1222
Chandigarh188Punjab
5471
Himachal Pradesh890
Bihar5999
Dadra & Nagar Haveli
11
Puducherry97
Tamil Nadu5419
Kerala
2750
Lakshadweep0
Goa150
Karnataka3959
Meghalaya92
Maharashtra9164
Assam3494
Daman & Diu16
Gujarat4927
Madhya Pradesh16102
Chhattisgarh4767
Orissa4300
Jharkhand5784
Andaman & Nicobar Islands68
Andhra Pradesh5378
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UNDERTRIALS IN INDIA
AS ON 31.12.2008
Undertrial Prisoners
Nil
1 - 500
501 - 2,000
2,001 - 10,000
10,001 - 40,000
Above 40,000
No Jails
(xii)
Rajasthan9120
Tripura451
Mizoram461
Manipur269
Nagaland396
Arunachal PradeshSikkim
192
Jammu & Kashmir
1706
Uttar Pradesh58498
West Bengal14111
Delhi
9552
Haryana8662
Uttarakhand
2012
Chandigarh338
Punjab10629
Himachal Pradesh578
Bihar31647
Dadra & Nagar Haveli35
Puducherry203
Tamil Nadu9746
Kerala3934
Lakshadweep19
Goa253
Karnataka9408
Meghalaya480
Maharashtra16554
Assam5238
Daman & Diu27
Gujarat6971
Madhya Pradesh18488
Chhattisgarh6457
Orissa10061
Jharkhand12610
Andaman & Nicobar Islands153
Andhra Pradesh8669
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FEMALE CONVICTS
AS ON 31.12.2008
Female Convicts
Nil
1 - 50
51 - 200
Above 200
No Jails
(xiii)
Rajasthan217
Tripura19
Mizoram15
Manipur0
Nagaland6
Arunachal PradeshSikkim
1
Jammu & Kashmir9
Uttar Pradesh673
West Bengal344
Delhi
56
Haryana255
Uttarakhand
35
Chandigarh5
Punjab264
Himachal Pradesh32
Bihar131
Dadra & Nagar Haveli0
Puducherry1
Tamil Nadu174
Kerala54
Lakshadweep0
Goa9
Karnataka179
Meghalaya2
Maharashtra499
Assam98
Daman & Diu2
Gujarat208 Madhya Pradesh
396
Chhattisgarh194
Orissa122
Jharkhand170
Andaman & Nicobar Islands0
Andhra Pradesh223
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FEMALE UNDERTRIALS
AS ON 31.12.2008
Female Undertrials
Nil
1 - 50
51 - 200
201 - 500
Above 500
No Jails
(xiv)
Rajasthan330
Tripura8
Mizoram47
Manipur17
Nagaland10
Arunachal PradeshSikkim8
Jammu & Kashmir75
Uttar Pradesh2020
West Bengal1052
Delhi
414
Haryana402
Uttarakhand
85
Chandigarh12
Punjab558
Himachal Pradesh26
Bihar1098
Dadra & Nagar Haveli3
Puducherry5
Tamil Nadu865
Kerala128
Lakshadweep0
Goa16
Karnataka354
Meghalaya4
Maharashtra936
Assam215
Daman & Diu1
Gujarat291
Madhya Pradesh586
Chhattisgarh302
Orissa401
Jharkhand482
Andaman & Nicobar Islands0
Andhra Pradesh651
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NUMBER OF FOREIGN PRISONERS
(CONVICTS, UNDERTRIALS & DETENUES)
AS ON 31.12.2008
Foreigners
Nil
1 - 50
51 - 200
201 - 500
Above 500
No Jails
(xv)
Rajasthan105
Tripura104
Mizoram0
Manipur7
Nagaland0
Arunachal PradeshSikkim10
Jammu & Kashmir225
Uttar Pradesh153
West Bengal2272
Delhi
521
Haryana81
Uttarakhand46
Chandigarh8
Punjab204
Himachal Pradesh14
Bihar59
Dadra & Nagar Haveli0
Puducherry0
Tamil Nadu358
Kerala24
Lakshadweep0
Goa23
Karnataka23
Meghalaya50
Maharashtra568
Assam0
Daman & Diu0
Gujarat92 Madhya Pradesh
16Chhattisgarh
0Orissa
47
Jharkhand0
Andaman & Nicobar Islands69
Andhra Pradesh12
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MENTALLY ILL PRISONERS
AS ON 31.12.2008
Mentally Ill Prisoners
Nil
1 - 50
51 - 200
Above 200
No Jails
(xvi)
Rajasthan164
Tripura13
Mizoram0
Manipur34
Nagaland0
Arunachal PradeshSikkim0
Jammu & Kashmir56
Uttar Pradesh192
West Bengal397
Delhi
70
Haryana107
Uttarakhand
4
Chandigarh0
Punjab15
Himachal Pradesh23
Bihar30
Dadra & Nagar Haveli2
Puducherry0
Tamil Nadu26
Kerala209
Lakshadweep0
Goa
28 Karnataka252
Meghalaya0
Maharashtra606
Assam84
Daman & Diu0
Gujarat63 Madhya Pradesh
174Chhattisgarh
95Orissa
429
Jharkhand129
Andaman & Nicobar Islands0
Andhra Pradesh213
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C O N T E N T S
Chapter&
Table No.Title
PageNo.
Chapter-1 Prison Institution 1
1.1 Number of Jails, Capacity, Population and Occupancy rate in the country 9
1.2 State/UT wise distribution of different types of jails in the country 10
1.3 Category wise distribution of jail inmates in the country in different jails 11
1.4 Category wise distribution of female inmates in the country in different jails 12
1.5 Distribution of different types of inmates in the country by Age Group 12
1.6Distribution of different types of female inmates in the country by AgeGroup 13
Chapter-2 Inmate Population and overcrowding in Prisons 15
2.1 Capacity of Jails, Inmate population and Occupancy rate 20
2.2 Capacity and Population of inmates in Central Jails 21
2.3 Capacity and Population of inmates in District Jails 22
2.4 Capacity and Population of inmates in Sub Jails 23
2.5 Capacity and Population of inmates in Women Jails 24
2.6 Capacity and Population of inmates in Borstal Schools 25
2.7 Capacity and Population of inmates in Open Jails 26
2.8 Capacity and Population of inmates in Special Jails 27
2.9 Capacity and Population of inmates in Other Jails 28
Chapter-3 Types of Prison Inmates 29
3.1 State/UT wise distribution of Convicted Prisoners in different jails 35
3.2 State/UT wise distribution of Undertrial Prisoners in different jails 36
3.3 Population of different types of prison inmates in jails 37
3.4 Percentage share of different types of prison inmates to total inmates 39
3.5State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prisoninmates in Central Jails
40
3.6State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prisoninmates in District Jails
42
(xvii)
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C O N T E N T S (Continued)
Chapter&
Table No.Title
PageNo.
3.7 State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prisoninmates in Sub Jails 44
3.8 State/UT wise distribution of female prison inmates in Women Jails 46
3.9State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prisoninmates in Borstal Schools
47
3.10State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prisoninmates in Open Jails
49
3.11State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prisoninmates in Special Jails
51
3.12State/UT wise and Sex wise distribution of different types of prison
inmates in Other Jails53
3.13 State/UT wise distribution of Convicts in Jails by Sex and Age-group 55
3.14State/UT wise Percentage distribution of Convicts to Total Convicts byAge-group
57
3.15 State/UT wise distribution of Undertrials in Jails by Sex and Age-group 58
3.16State/UT wise Percentage distribution of Undertrials to Total Undertrialsby Age-group
60
3.17State/UT wise distribution of Foreign Convicts in jails by Sex and Age-group
61
3.18State/UT wise percentage distribution of Foreigner Convicts to TotalForeigners Convicted by Age-Groups
63
3.19State/UT wise distribution of Foreigner Undertrials in jails by Sex andAge-group
64
3.20State/UT wise percentage distribution of Foreigner Undertrials to TotalForeigner Undertrials by Age-Groups
66
3.21State/UT wise distribution of Foreigner Detenues in jails by Sex and Age-group
67
3.22Age-group wise percentage of Foreigner Detenues to Total ForeignerDetenues by Age-Groups
69
3.23 State/UT wise distribution of different types of inmates suffering fromMental Illness
70
3.24 Number of Women Prisoners with Children 71
3.25 Incidence of Recidivism 72
Chapter-4Distribution of Convict and Undertrial Prisoners under variousIPC and SLL
73
4.1 State/UT wise number of Convicts by type of IPC Offences 79
4.2State/UT wise number of Convicts by type of Offences under Special &Local Laws (SLL)
82
4.3 State/UT wise number of Undertrials by type of IPC Offences 85
(xviii)
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C O N T E N T S (Continued)
Chapter&
Table No.Title
PageNo.
4.4 State/UT wise number of Undertrials by type of Offences under Special &Local Laws (SLL) 88
4.5 Details of Convicts released 91
4.6 Details of Undertrials released/transferred 92
4.7 Details of Detenues released 93
4.8 Details of Persons released on Parole, Parole Absconders/Arrests 94
Chapter-5 Demographic Particulars of Prison Inmates 95
5.1 Demographic Particulars of Convicts 99
5.2 Demographic Particulars of Undertrial Prisoners 102
5.3 Demographic Particulars of Detenues 105
5.4 Demographic Particulars of Others 108
Chapter-6 Period of Detention of Undertrial Prisoners 111
6.1 Number of Undertrial Prisoners by Period of Detention 114
6.2 Percentage of Undertrial Prisoners by Period of Detention 116
Chapter-7 Period of Sentences of the Convicts 117
7.1 Sex wise distribution of Convicts by Period of Sentence 121
7.2 Percentage of Convicts by Period of Sentence 124
7.3 Details of Death Sentences 126
Chapter-8 Vocational Training in Prisons 127
8.1
State/UT wise number of Prison inmates trained under different
Vocational Training 131
8.2 State/UT wise value of goods produced by Inmates 132
Chapter-9 Deaths in Jails 133
9.1 State/UT wise incidence of deaths of inmates in Prisons 135
9.2 State/UT wise incidence of deaths of female inmates in Prisons 136
(xix)
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C O N T E N T S (Concluded)
Chapter&
Table No.Title
PageNo.
Chapter-10 Jail Inspections and Visits 137
10.1 State/UT wise number of Jail Inspections by different visitors 138
Chapter-11 Strength and Training of Jail Officials 139
11.1 Sanctioned and Actual Strength of Jail Officers/Staff (men+women) 146
11.2 Actual Strength of Women Jail Officers/Staff 151
11.3 Training of Jail Officers/Staff 153
11.4 Details of Quarters available to prison officials 154
Chapter-12 Prison Budget and Expenditure 157
12.1 State/UT wise Total Budget and Actual Expenditure during the year 163
12.2 State/UT wise details of Expenses on inmates 164
12.3 Details of Vehicles available in jails 165
12.4 Details of Electronic equipments used in prisons 166
Miscellaneous
M.1 Number of complaints received from NHRC & SHRC 167
M.2 Details of Escapes 168
M.3 Movement of Inmates outside the jail premises 169
M.4 Incidence of Jail Breaks, Group Clashes and Firing in Jail 170
M.5 Incidence of Deaths and Injuries in clashes and firings in jails 171
M.6 Rehabilitation of Prisoners 173
M.7 Details of Educational Facilities to prisoners 174
Index
Feedback Form
(xx)
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1
CHAPTER - 1
PRISON INSTITUTION
Introduction
Prison Institutions are one of thethree main constituents of the CriminalJustice System. With the changingperception towards prisoners, prisons areno longer regarded as places forpunishment only. They are now beingconsidered as reformatories and greaterattention is being given to ameliorate theconditions in jails so that they have ahealthy impact on prisoners in developing
a positive attitude towards life and society.A comprehensive database has beendeveloped at the National level on allaspects of these institutions which hasbeen found to be of immense use toprison authorities in planning variousactivities connected with prisonadministration. The input forms have beenreviewed and made more comprehensivein 2000 to collect data on every aspect ofprison activities. This report for the year2008 is the fourteenth issue in the series.
Number of Prisons in the States/UTs in2008
Prison and its administration is aState subject as it is covered by item 4under List II in Schedule VII of theConstitution of India. Prison establishmentsin different States/UTs comprise of severaltiers of Jails.
The most common and standardJail Institutions which are in existence in theStates/UTs are better known as CentralJails, District Jails and Sub Jails. The othertypes of jail establishments are WomenJails, Borstal Schools, Open Jails andSpecial Jails.
Total number of jails in theStates/UTs given in Table 1.2 shows thatMaharashtra has the highest number (213)of jails among the States/UTs followed by
Andhra Pradesh (143), Tamil Nadu (133),Madhya Pradesh (120), Rajasthan (108)
and Karnataka (100). Arunachal Pradeshdoes not have any jail of its own. Itsconvicts and undertrial prisoners arelodged in jails of Assam. Thus, prisonstatistics in respect of Assam includeprisoners of Arunachal Pradesh also.
Central Jail
The criteria for a jail to becategorised as a Central Jail differs fromState to State. However, the common
features observed in all the States/UTs arethat the prisoners sentenced toimprisonment for a longer period areconfined in the Central Jails, which havelarger capacity in comparison to other jails.These jails also have rehabilitation facilities.Meghalaya, Orissa, Uttarakhand, Andaman& Nicobar Islands, Dadra & Nagar Haveli,Daman & Diu and Lakshadweep do nothave any Central Jail in their territories.Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu have thehighest number of 9 Central Jails eachfollowed by Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthanand Delhi (8 each).
The State/UT-wise informationrelating to capacity of Central jails ispresented in Table-2.2. The availableinformation regarding capacity for PrisonInmates in Central Jails in respect ofStates/UTs indicates that Maharashtra(14,771), Tamil Nadu (14,093), Bihar(12,339), West Bengal (11,457) and
Madhya Pradesh (10,703) havecomparatively larger capacity followed byPunjab (8,337), Rajasthan (8,118), AndhraPradesh (7,399), Uttar Pradesh (7,090),Karnataka (6,104), Jharkhand (5,598) andDelhi (4,800).
The capacity to accommodatefemale prisoners in Central jails iscomparatively higher in Madhya Pradesh(567), Punjab (453), Maharashtra (426),Karnataka (416), West Bengal (305),
Chhattisgarh (282), Andhra Pradesh (262),Bihar (257) and Jharkhand (200).
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2
District Jail
District Jails serve as the mainPrisons in some of the States/UTs. Stateswhich have considerable number of DistrictJails are Uttar Pradesh (51), Bihar (32),Rajasthan (25), Maharashtra (24), MadhyaPradesh (22), Jharkhand (19), Assam (18),Orissa (13), Karnataka and Orissa (13each), West Bengal (12) and Haryana (11)and Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh (10each). A&N Islands, Delhi and Puducherryhave one District jail each among UTs(Table 1.2).
The District Jails in Uttar Pradesh
(33,878), Bihar (16,208), Haryana (7,729),Jharkhand (6,218), West Bengal (5,803),Orissa (5,759), Madhya Pradesh (5,506),Maharashtra (5,272) and Rajasthan (4,929)have the capacity of lodging a large numberof inmates with an average capacity of 664,507, 703, 327, 484, 443, 250, 220 and 197inmates per jail respectively (Table 2.3).
Comparatively higher accommodationfor female inmates was also provided inDistrict Jails in Uttar Pradesh (1,652), West
Bengal (528), Bihar (507), Haryana (495),Madhya Pradesh (419), Maharashtra (292),Jharkhand (280) and Assam (254).
Sub Jail
Ten States have reportedcomparatively higher number of sub-jailsrevealing a well organized prison set-upeven at lower formation. These States areMaharashtra (172), Andhra Pradesh
(121), Tamil Nadu (99), Madhya Pradesh(90), Karnataka (74), Orissa andRajasthan (59 each), West Bengal (30),Kerala (26) and Bihar (16) (Table 1.2).
Madhya Pradesh had the highestcapacity of inmates (7,221) in variousSub-Jails followed by Orissa (6,215),Andhra Pradesh (4,532), Rajasthan(3,611), Bihar (3,255), Tamil Nadu(2,995), Karnataka (2,703), West Bengal(1,901), Maharashtra (1,739) and Gujarat(1,491) (Table 2.4).
Women Jail
Women jails exclusively for womenprisoners exist only in 13 States/UTs (Table1.2).
Tamil Nadu has 3 women jailsfollowed by Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthanand West Bengal (2 each), Bihar,Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa,Punjab, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi(1 each). The total capacity of womeninmates was highest in Tamil Nadu(1,013) followed by West Bengal andDelhi (400 each), Andhra Pradesh (380),Rajasthan (350), Punjab (320),
Maharashtra (262), Uttar Pradesh (90),Bihar (83), Karnataka (69), Orissa (55),Kerala (48) and Tripura (30) (Table 2.5).
Borstal School
The primary objective of BorstalSchools is to ensure care, welfare andrehabilitation of young offenders in adifferent environment suitable for childrenand keep them away from contaminatingatmosphere of the prison. The delinquents
detained in Borstal Schools are providedvarious vocational trainings. They are alsogiven education with the help of trainedteachers.
Ten States namely, Tamil Nadu(11), Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, HimachalPradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala,Maharashtra, Punjab and Rajasthan (1each) have reported Borstal School in theirrespective jurisdiction (Table 1.2). TamilNadu had the highest capacity for keeping
633 inmates followed by Punjab (489) andHaryana (355). Haryana (195) andHimachal Pradesh (15) have reportedcapacity for lodging female inmates in theirBorstal Schools (Table 2.6). Existence ofBorstal Schools was not reported fromany of the UTs.
Open Jail
Prisoners with good behavioursatisfying certain norms prescribed in theprison rules are admitted in open prisons.Minimum security is kept in such prisons
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3
and prisoners are engaged in agriculturalactivities.
Only 13 States have reported aboutthe functioning of Open Jails in their jurisdiction. Amongst these States,Rajasthan reported the highest number of13 open jails. Maharashtra had 4 followedby Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Kerala andTamil Nadu (2 jails each). The remaining 7States Assam, Himachal Pradesh,Karnataka, Orissa, Punjab, Uttarakhandand West Bengal have one Open Jail each.Existence of such jails was not reportedfrom any of the UTs.
The highest capacity of inmates inopen jails was reported from Maharashtra(922), Kerala (530), Rajasthan (529),Andhra Pradesh (430), Uttarakhand (300),Tamil Nadu (110), Assam, Gujarat andOrissa (100 each), Himachal Pradesh andKarnataka (80 each), West Bengal (70) andPunjab (50) (Table 2.7).
Special Jails
Special Jail means any prison
provided for the confinement of a particularclass or particular classes of prisonerswhich are broadly as follows:
i) Prisoners who have committedserious violations of prisondiscipline.
ii) Prisoners showing tendenciestowards violence and aggression.
iii) Difficult discipline cases ofhabitual offenders.
iv) Difficult discipline cases from a
group of professional organisedcriminals.
Out of the nine States havingSpecial Jails, Kerala and Tamil Nadu havethe highest number of Special Jails (5 each)followed by West Bengal (3), Gujarat,Karnataka, Orissa and Uttar Pradesh (2each), Assam and Maharashtra (1 each)(Table 1.2).
As far as the available capacity inthese jails is concerned, the highestcapacity for keeping the prisoners wasavailable in Orissa (1,073) followed by WestBengal (841), Uttar Pradesh (714), TamilNadu (590), Assam (372), Kerala (298),Karnataka (250), Maharashtra (246) and
Gujarat (188) in their Special Jails.Provision for keeping female prisoners inthese special jails was available in TamilNadu (418), West Bengal (95), Orissa (30),Kerala (27), Gujarat (18), Assam andKarnataka (12 each) and Maharashtra (3)(Table 2.8).
Other Jails
Some States/UTs have other jailsalso besides the jails discussed above.Goa has reported 3 such jails. Karnataka,Maharashtra and Orissa each havereported one such jail in their jurisdiction.The capacity of inmates (male & female)reported by various States in such jails wasKarnataka (250), Orissa (97), Goa (91) andMaharashtra (28) (Table 2.9).
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4
11222
444456
910101112
1318
2526272727
415455
6277
100108
120133
143213
0 50 100 150 200 250
CHANDIGARH
D & N HAVELI
MANIPUR
SIKKIM
DAMAN & DIU
MEGHALAYA
A & N ISLANDS
LAKSHADWEEP
PUDUCHERRY
GOA
MIZORAM
UTTARAKHAND
NAGALAND
DELHI
TRIPURA
JAMMU & KASHMIR
HIMACHAL PRADESH
HARYANA
GUJARAT
PUNJAB
ASSAM
CHHATTISGARH
JHARKHAND
KERALA
WEST BENGAL
BIHAR
UTTAR PRADESH
ORISSA
KARNATAKA
RAJASTHAN
MADHYA PRADESH
TAMIL NADU
ANDHRA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
S
tate/UTs
Number of Jails
Number of Total Jails in
States and UTs during 2008
Chart
1.1
AVAILABLE CAPACITY
01660120199309316380530
97010001065116612201253
22923050
44095219
625063576619
1048211897
1223912831
1329914983
176272031120472
2334523430
3188542176
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
Arunachal Pradesh*Lakshadweep
D & N HaveliDaman & Diu
SikkimA & N Islands
GoaPuducherry
MeghalayaManipur
ChandigarhTripura
MizoramNagaland
Himachal PradeshUttarakhand
Jammu & KashmirKerala
Chhattisgarh
DelhiAssam
GujaratHaryana
PunjabKarnataka
JharkhandOrissa
Andhra PradeshRajasthan
Tamil NaduWest BengalMaharashtra
Madhya PradeshBihar
Uttar Pradesh
State/U
Ts
Available Capacity
Total Available Capacity of all the Jails
in States and UTs during 2008
Chart
1.2
* Jails do not exist
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5
Sub Jails
61.2%
District Jails
23.1%
Central Jails8.4% Others
0.4%
Open Jails
2.4%
Borstal Schools
1.5%
Special Jails
1.7%
Women Jails
1.3%
Percentage availability of Various Types of Jails
in the Country during 2008
Chart
1.3
127.8
146.8
103.4
84.8
61.072.0
86.299.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Central Jails District Jails Sub Jails Women Jails Borstal
School
Open Jails Special Jails Others
Type of Jails
Occupancy
Rate(%)
Occupancy rate in Various Types of Jails
in the Country during 2008
Chart1.4
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6
139
150
263
300
355
485
545
564
600
600
610
669
730
872 1000
1015
1057
1124
1191
1338
1346
1418
1566
1641
1866
1910
2057
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
SIKKIM
GOA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
PUDUCHERRY
TRIPURA
MANIPUR
MIZORAM
ASSAM
NAGALAND
DELHI
JAMMU & KASHMIR
CHHATTISGARH
KERALA
KARNATAKACHANDIGARH
RAJASTHAN
ANDHRA PRADESH
HARYANA
PUNJAB
MADHYA PRADESH
GUJARAT
UTTAR PRADESH
TAMIL NADU
MAHARASHTRA
JHARKHAND
WEST BENGAL
BIHAR
State/U
Ts
Average Capacity
Average Capacity of Inmates per Central Jail
in States and UTs during 2008Chart
1.6
139
150
300
355
526
545
600
970
1000
1220
2189
2248
2691
3345
3386
4800
5598
6104
7090
7399
8118
8337
10703
11457
12339
14093
14771
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
SIKKIM
GOA
PUDUCHERRY
TRIPURA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
MANIPUR
CHANDIGARH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
KERALA
HARYANA
GUJARAT
CHHATTISGARH
ASSAM
DELHI
JHARKHAND
KARNATAKA
UTTAR PRADESH
ANDHRA PRADESH
RAJASTHAN
PUNJAB
MADHYA PRADESH
WEST BENGAL
BIHAR
TAMIL NADU
MAHARASHTRA
State/UTs
Total Capacity
Total Capacity of All Central Jails
in States and UTs during 2008
Chart
1.5
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7
5060
116117124129129133137
159197199
215
219220226
250256
269269
327358
443484
507664
7031050
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
PU DUCHE RRY
SIK KIM
KERALA
NAG ALAN D
M IZOR AM
TR IP UR A
C HHAT TISG ARH
M EG HALAYA
AS SA M
HIM ACH A L PR ADE SH
RAJAS TH AN
KARNAT AK A
ANDHRA P RADE SH
TAM IL NADU
M AH ARASH TRA
JA M M U & KASHM IR
M ADH YA PR AD ESH
UTT ARAKH AND
GU JAR AT
A & N ISL ANDS
JHARKHAN D
PUNJAB
OR ISS A
WEST BE NGAL
BIH AR
UTT AR PRAD ESH
HAR YANA
DELH I
Sta
te/UTs
Average Capacity
Average Capacity of Inmates per District Jailin States and UTs during 2008 Chart1.8
50
60
25 8
26 9
31 7
34 8
35 0
53 0
62 1
87 7
1050
1294
1536
1580
1790
2149
2149
2467
2583
4929
5272
5506
5759
5803
6218
7729
16208
33878
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
PU DU CH ER RY
SIKK IM
TRIPU RA
A & N ISLA NDS
HIM ACH AL PRADE SH
KE RA LA
NA GA LA ND
MEG HA LA YA
MIZO RA M
TA MIL NADU
DE LH I
CHH ATTI SGAR H
UTTA RA KH AN D
JAMMU & KAS HM IR
PUNJAB
AND HRA PR A DESH
G UJARAT
AS SA M
KA RN AT AK A
RAJASTH AN
MAHAR AS HT RA
MAD HYA P RADE SH
OR ISSA
WES T BE NG AL
JHARK HA ND
HAR YA NA
BIHAR
UT TA R PR AD ES H
State/UTs
Total Capacity
Total Capacity of All District Jails
in States and UTs during 2008
Chart
1.7
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8
410
1315
3032
34373738
4345
48
60606061
6375
808383
105135136
203228229
0 50 100 150 200 250
LAKSH AD WEEP
MA HA RASH TR A
A & N ISLAN DS
PU DU CHER RY
TA MIL NAD U
ASSAM
KER ALA
KARNA TAKA
AN DHRA PRADESH
HA RYANA
HIMACHAL PRA DESH
NA GALA NDCHHATTIS GA RH
D & N HAVELI
DA MA N & DIU
TR IPU RA
RAJASTH AN
WEST BENGAL
GOA
MADHYA PRADESH
PUN JAB
JAM MU & KA SH MIR
OR ISSA
UTTAR PRAD ESH
GUJARA T
BIHAR
UTTARAKHAND
JHAR KHAN D
Sta
te/UTs
Average Capacity
Average Capacity of Inmates per Sub Jailin States and UTs during 2008
Chart1.10
16
30
32
40
60
75
120
150
250
270
300
404
422
456
580
896
911
915
1491
1739
1901
2703
2995
3255
3611
4532
6215
7221
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
LAK SHA DWE EP
PUDUC HE RR Y
ASS AM
A & N ISLA NDS
D & N HAVEL I
GOA
DAM AN & DIU
HARYA NA
JA MMU & KA SH MIR
NA GA LA ND
HIMAC HAL PRADESH
UTTAR PRA DE SH
TRIP UR A
UTTA RAKH A ND
CHH ATTISGA RH
KE RALA
PUN JA B
JHA RKH AND
GUJA RA T
MAH AR AS HTRA
WE ST BEN GA L
KA R NATAKA
TAM IL NA DU
BIHAR
RAJ ASTH AN
AND HRA PRADESH
ORISSA
MAD HYA PRAD ESH
State/UTs
Total Capacity
Total Capacity of All Sub Jails
in States and UTs during 2008
Chart
1.9
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TABLE - 1.1
NUMBER OF JAILS, CAPACITY, POPULATION AND OCCUPANCY RATE IN THE COUNTRYAT THE END OF 2008
SL.NO.
TYPE NUMBER CAPACITYPOPULATIONOF INMATES
OCCUPANCY RATE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
1 CENTRAL JAIL 114 130473 166733 127.8
2 DISTRICT JAIL 313 111580 163839 146.8
3 SUB JAIL 830 41590 43019 103.4
4 WOMEN JAIL 18 3500 2968 84.8
5 BORSTAL SCHOOL 20 2195 1339 61.0
6 OPEN JAIL 32 3401 2450 72.0
7 SPECIAL JAIL 23 4572 3943 86.2
8 OTHERS 6 466 462 99.1
9 TOTAL 1356 297777 384753 129.2
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
Central Jail
(114 Jails)
District Jail
(313 Jails)
Sub Jail (830
Jails)
Women Jail
(18 Jails)
Borstal
School (20
Jails)
Open Jail (32
Jails)
Special Jail
(23 Jails)
Others (6
Jails)
Jail Type
Capacity/Occupancy
Capacity Occupancy
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10
TABLE 1.2
STATE/UT WISE DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF JAILS IN THE COUNTRYAT THE END OF 2008
SL.
NO.
STATE/UT CENTRAL
JAIL
DISTRICT
JAIL
SUB
JAIL
WOMEN
JAIL
BORSTAL
SCHOOL
OPEN
JAIL
SPECIAL
JAILOTHERS TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 7 10 121 2 1 2 0 0 143
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 6 18 1 0 0 1 1 0 27
4 BIHAR 6 32 16 1 0 0 0 0 55
5 CHHATTISGARH 5 10 12 0 0 0 0 0 27
6 GOA 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 5
7 GUJARAT 2 8 11 0 0 2 2 0 25
8 HARYANA 2 11 4 0 1 0 0 0 18
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 2 2 7 0 1 1 0 0 13
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 2 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 12
11 JHARKHAND 3 19 4 0 1 0 0 0 27
12 KARNATAKA 7 13 74 1 1 1 2 1 100
13 KERALA 3 3 26 1 1 2 5 0 41
14 MADHYA PRADESH 8 22 90 0 0 0 0 0 120
15 MAHARASHTRA 9 24 172 1 1 4 1 1 213
16 MANIPUR 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
17 MEGHALAYA 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
18 MIZORAM 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
19 NAGALAND 1 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 10
20 ORISSA 0 13 59 1 0 1 2 1 77
21 PUNJAB 7 5 11 1 1 1 0 0 26
22 RAJASTHAN 8 25 59 2 1 13 0 0 108
23 SIKKIM 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
24 TAMIL NADU 9 4 99 3 11 2 5 0 133
25 TRIPURA 1 2 7 1 0 0 0 0 11
26 UTTAR PRADESH 5 51 3 1 0 0 2 0 62
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 6 2 0 0 1 0 0 9
28 WEST BENGAL 6 12 30 2 0 1 3 0 54
TOTAL (STATES) 104 310 818 17 20 32 23 6 1330
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 4
30 CHANDIGARH 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2
33 DELHI 8 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 10
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4
35 PUDUCHERRY 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 4
TOTAL (UTs) 10 3 12 1 0 0 0 0 26
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 114 313 830 18 20 32 23 6 1356
* Jails do not exist
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11
TABLE - 1.3
CATEGORY WISE DISTRIBUTION OF JAIL INMATES IN THE COUNTRY IN VARIOUS JAILS ATTHE END OF 2008
SR.
NO. TYPE CONVICTS %SHARE
UNDER-
TRIALS % SHARE DETENUES % SHARE OTHERS % SHARE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
1 CENTRAL JAIL 86437 51.8 78253 46.9 1819 1.1 224 0.1 166733
2 DISTRICT JAIL 28477 17.4 134262 81.9 928 0.6 172 0.1 163839
3 SUB JAIL 3496 8.1 39267 91.3 113 0.3 143 0.3 43019
4 WOMEN JAIL 1103 37.2 1833 61.8 32 1.1 0 0.0 2968
5 BORSTAL SCHOOL 281 21.0 1002 74.8 56 4.2 0 0.0 1339
6 OPEN JAIL 2450 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 2450
7 SPECIAL JAIL 954 24.2 2958 75.0 30 0.8 1 0.0 3943
8 OTHERS 109 23.6 353 76.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 462
9 TOTAL 123307 32.0 257928 67.0 2978 0.8 540 0.1 384753
86437
28477
3496
1103
281
2450
954 109
78253
134262
39267
1833
10022958 353
0 01819 928 113 560 3032
00143224 172
100
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Centr
alJail
District
Jail
SubJ
ail
Wom
enJail
BorstalScho
ol
Open
Jail
Special
Jail
Othe
rs
Others
Detenues
Undertrials
Convicts
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12
TABLE - 1.4
CATEGORY WISE DISTRIBUTION OF FEMALE INMATES IN DIFFERENT JAILSAT THE END OF 2008
SL.NO.
TYPE CONVICTS %SHAREUNDER-TRIALS
% SHARE DETENUES % SHARE OTHERS % SHARE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
1 CENTRAL JAIL 2009 43.7 2528 55.0 50 1.1 13 0.3 4600
2 DISTRICT JAIL 1094 16.9 5362 82.9 9 0.1 6 0.1 6471
3 SUB JAIL 54 3.6 1409 94.8 1 0.1 22 1.5 1486
4 WOMEN JAIL 1103 37.2 1833 61.8 32 1.1 0 0.0 2968
5 BORSTAL SCHOOL 81 54.0 69 46.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 150
6 OPEN JAIL 18 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 18
7 SPECIAL JAIL 31 13.8 192 85.7 0 0.0 1 0.4 224
8 OTHERS 3 25.0 9 75.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 12
9 TOTAL 4393 27.6 11402 71.6 92 0.6 42 0.3 15929
TABLE - 1.5
DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INMATES IN THE COUNTRY BY AGE GROUPAT THE END OF 2008
SL.NO.
CATEGORY16 - 18YEARS
%SHARE18 30YEARS
% SHARE30 50YEARS
% SHAREABOVE
50YEARS
% SHARE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
INDIANS
1 CONVICTS 2 0.0 41525 34.2 60827 50.1 19106 15.7 121460
2 UNDER TRIALS 119 0.0 114910 45.1 112547 44.2 27210 10.7 254786
3 DETENUES 42 1.5 1155 40.2 1399 48.6 280 9.7 2876
4 OTHERS 1 0.2 145 35.8 224 55.3 35 8.6 405
5 TOTAL 164 0.0 157735 41.6 174997 46.1 46631 12.3 379527
FOREIGNERS
6 CONVICTS 2 0.1 743 40.2 848 45.9 254 13.8 1847
7 UNDER TRIALS 7 0.2 1504 47.9 1408 44.8 223 7.1 3142
8 DETENUES 0 0.0 17 16.7 61 59.8 24 23.5 102
9 OTHERS 1 0.7 81 60.0 45 33.3 8 5.9 135
10 TOTAL 10 0.2 2345 44.9 2362 45.2 509 9.7 5226
11TOTAL (INDIAN +
FOREIGNERS)174 0.0 160080 41.60 177359 46.1 47140 12.3 384753
NOTE : The percentage shares shown against Sl.No.5,10,11 (Total) are the average percentage at All India level.
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TABLE - 1.6
DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEMALE INMATES IN THE COUNTRY
BY AGE GROUP AT THE END OF 2008
SL.NO.
CATEGORY16 - 18YEARS
%SHARE18 30YEARS
% SHARE30 50YEARS
% SHAREABOVE 50
YEARS% SHARE TOTAL
(1) (2) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
INDIAN
1 CONVICTS 0 0.0 1071 25.6 2185 52.1 934 22.3 4190
2 UNDERTRIALS 3 0.0 3848 35.5 5551 51.2 1438 13.3 10840
3 DETENUES 0 0.0 14 15.2 69 75.0 9 9.8 92
4 OTHERS 1 5.6 6 33.3 11 61.1 0 0.0 18
5 TOTAL 4 0.0 4939 32.6 7816 51.6 2381 15.8 15140
FOREIGNER
6 CONVICTS 0 0.0 113 55.7 68 33.5 22 10.8 203
7 UNDERTRIALS 3 0.5 286 50.9 237 42.2 36 6.4 562
8 DETENUES 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0
9 OTHERS 1 4.2 18 75.0 5 20.8 0 0.0 24
10 TOTAL 4 0.5 417 52.8 310 39.3 58 7.4 789
11TOTAL (INDIAN +
FOREIGNERS)8 0.1 5356 33.6 8126 51.0 2439 15.3 15929
NOTE : The percentage shares shown against Sl.No.5,10,11 (Total) are the average percentage at All India level.
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0 3 0 1
1071
3848
14 6
2185
5551
69 11
934
1438
9 00
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
CO NVICTS UND ERTRIALS DE TE NUES OT HE RS
16 - 18 YEARS 18 30 YEARS 30 50 YEARS ABOVE 50 YEARS
Age Group-wise Distribution of different types of
Indian Female Inmates at the end of 2008
Chart
1.11
0 3 0 1
113
286
0
18
68
237
0 5
22
36
0 00
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
CONVICT S UNDERTRIALS DETEN UES OTH ERS
16 - 18 YEARS 18 30 YEARS 30 50 YEARS ABOVE 50 YEARS
Age Group-wise Distribution of different types of
Foreign Female Inmates at the end of 2008
Chart
1.12
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CHAPTER - 2
INMATE POPULATION AND OVERCROWDING IN PRISONS
An important aspect of prisonadministration is the prison population thatauthorities have to handle in the prisons.
One thing that comes out strikingly on thebasis of available data is that there isovercrowding in the jails.
Data relating to the population ofboth male and female inmates are collectedfrom the prison authorities in order to findthe relationship between the capacityavailable in prisons and the population ofprison inmates actually staying. Theoccupancy in any jail changes on daily
basis due to addition of new prisoners andrelease of old ones, nevertheless, anestimate of population of inmates at the end
of the year would serve as a good indicatorto determine the occupancy rate. Theoccupancy rate defined as number ofinmates staying in jails against theauthorized capacity for 100 inmates hasbeen calculated to determine the 'Crowdingof Prisons'.
It is evident as per the informationavailable from States/UTs regardingpopulation of inmates in various prisons
Table 2(A)Capacity in Jails, Population of Inmates and Occupancy rate in States/UTs at the end of 2008
SL.NO.
STATE/UTAVAILABLECAPACITY
INMATEPOPULATION
OCCUPANCYRATE# (2008)
OCCUPANCYRATE# (2007)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 14983 14080 94.0 118.4
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - -
3 ASSAM 6357 8742 137.5 136.9
4 BIHAR 31885 37709 118.3 133.9
5 CHHATTISGARH 5219 11230 215.2 193.3
6 GOA 316 403 127.5 102.8
7 GUJARAT 6619 12279 185.5 181.7
8 HARYANA 10482 14049 134.0 124.9
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1253 1468 117.2 126.9
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 3050 2310 75.7 75.4
11 JHARKHAND 12831 18403 143.4 167.0
12 KARNATAKA 12239 13538 110.6 107.5
13 KERALA 4409 6732 152.7 179.1
14 MADHYA PRADESH 23430 34755 148.3 160.0
15 MAHARASHTRA 23345 25831 110.6 123.9
16 MANIPUR 970 465 47.9 45.8
17 MEGHALAYA 530 619 116.8 125.5
18 MIZORAM 1166 790 67.8 80.9
19 NAGALAND 1220 619 50.7 38.8
20 ORISSA 13299 14373 108.1 144.9
21 PUNJAB 11897 16115 135.5 136.0
22 RAJASTHAN 17627 15520 88.0 83.7
23 SIKKIM 199 260 130.7 115.3
24 TAMILNADU 20311 16204 79.8 81.7
25 TRIPURA 1065 1278 120.0 123.7
26 UTTAR PRADESH 42176 80809 191.6 201.3
27 UTTARAKHAND 2292 3234 141.1 126.6
28 WEST BENGAL 20472 20230 98.8 92.0
TOTAL(STATES) 289642 372045 128.4 135.0
29 A & N ISLANDS 309 221 71.5 133.7
30 CHANDIGARH 1000 526 52.6 50.1
31 D & N HAVELI 60 46 76.7 46.7
32 DAMAN & DIU 120 43 35.8 55.0
33 DELHI 6250 11553 184.8 185.7
34 LAKSHADWEEP 16 19 118.8 137.5
35 PUDUCHERRY 380 300 78.9 113.4
TOTAL(UTs) 8135 12708 156.2 161.1
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 297777 384753 129.2 135.7
* Jails do not exist # Inmate population x 100Total capacity
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(Table 2(A)), that the prison populationwas satisfactorily managed during 2008 in8 States and 5 UTs as the occupancy ratein these States/UTs remained less than100%. These States and UTs are WestBengal (98.8%), Andhra Pradesh (94.0%),Rajasthan (88.0%), Tamil Nadu (79.8%),Puducherry (78.9%), Dadra & NagarHaveli (76.7%), Jammu & Kashmir(75.7%), A & N Islands (71.5%), Mizoram(67.8%), Chandigarh (52.6%), Nagaland(50.7%), Manipur (47.9%) and Daman &Diu (35.8%). Chhattisgarh has reportedthe highest overcrowding of prisons(215.2%) followed by Uttar Pradesh(191.6%), Gujarat (185.5%), Delhi(184.8%), Kerala (152.7%), Madhya
Pradesh (148.3%), Jharkhand (143.4%),Uttarakhand (141.1%), Assam (137.5%),Punjab (135.5%), Haryana (134.0%),Sikkim (130.7%), Goa (127.5%), Tripura(120.0%), Lakshadweep (118.8%), Bihar(118.3%), Himachal Pradesh (117.2%),Meghalaya (116.8%), Karnataka andMaharashtra (110.6% each) and Orissa(108.1%) . The population of inmates in jails of Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradeshwas about two times the capacity of theirprisons.
Capacity for male and femaleinmates and their occupancy rate invarious Jails for the year 2008 in respectof States/UTs are also presented in Table2.1. It is observed that the occupancy rateof such prisons during the period underconsideration was very high against theavailable capacity for the female inmatesin the State of Gujarat (169.8%) followedby Uttar Pradesh (149.7%), Jharkhand(125.1%), Delhi (117.5%), Bihar and
Uttarakhand (115.4% each) andChhattisgarh (111.5%).
Chart 2.1 depicts the actual maleand female inmates in different States/UTsat the end of the year 2008.
Chart 2.2 depicts comparativeposition of occupancy rates at the endof 2007 and 2008. The occupancy rate atAll India level at the end of 2007 was135.7% which decreased to 129.2% at theend of 2008. The States/UTs reportingfurther over- crowding in their prisons at theend of 2008 as compared to 2007 wereGoa (from 102.8% in 2007 to 127.5% in2008), Chhattisgarh (from 193.3% to215.2%), Sikkim (115.3% to 130.7%),Uttarakhand (from 126.6% to 141.1%),Haryana (from 124.9% to 134.0%), Gujarat
(from 181.7% to 185.5%), Karnataka (from107.5% to 110.6%) and Assam (from136.9% to 137.5%). The States / UTswhere the inmate population was still morethan the available capacity although theovercrowding declined at the end of 2008were Orissa (from 144.9% in 2007 to108.1% in 2008), Kerala (from 179.1% to152.7%), Jharkhand (from 167.0% to143.4%), Lakshadweep (from 137.5% to118.8%), Bihar (from 133.9% to 118.3%),Maharashtra (from 123.9% to 110.6%),
Madhya Pradesh (from 160.0% to 148.3%),Uttar Pradesh (from 201.3% to 191.6%),Himachal Pradesh (from 126.9% to117.2%), Meghalaya (from 125.5% to116.8%), Tripura (from 123.7% to 120.0%),Delhi (from 185.7% to 184.8%), and Punjab(from 136.0% to 135.5%).
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781
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33773
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State/UTs
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Inmate Population in the States/UTs
at the end of the year 2008
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18
215
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State/UTs
Occu
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State/UT wise comparison of occupancy rate
at the end of 2008 with that of 2007
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14983
06
357
31885
5219
6619
10482
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AndhraP
radesh
ArunachalPradesh*
Assam
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Goa
Gujarat
H
aryana
HimachalP
radesh
Jammu&K
ashmir
Jha
rkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
MadhyaP
radesh
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rashtra
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anipur
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halaya
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izoram
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galand
Orissa
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Rajasthan
Sikkim
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ilNadu
Tripura
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radesh
State/UTs
Available Capacity vs Inmate Population in the States/UTs
at the end of the year 2008
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.1
CAPACITY OF JAILS, INMATE POPULATION AND OCCUPANCY RATE AT THE END OF 2008
AVAILABLE CAPACITY INMATE POPULATIONOCCUPANCY RATE
(in %)
SL.NO
STATE/UT
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 13605 1378 14983 13206 874 14080 97.1 63.4
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 5944 413 6357 8429 313 8742 141.8 75.8
4 BIHAR 30820 1065 31885 36480 1229 37709 118.4 115.4
5 CHHATTISGARH 4774 445 5219 10734 496 11230 224.8 111.5
6 GOA 291 25 316 378 25 403 129.9 100.0
7 GUJARAT 6298 321 6619 11734 545 12279 186.3 169.8
8 HARYANA 9758 724 10482 13392 657 14049 137.2 90.7
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1173 80 1253 1410 58 1468 120.2 72.5
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 2954 96 3050 2225 85 2310 75.3 88.5
11 JHARKHAND 12310 521 12831 17751 652 18403 144.2 125.1
12 KARNATAKA 11316 923 12239 12990 548 13538 114.8 59.4
13 KERALA 3944 465 4409 6550 182 6732 166.1 39.1
14 MADHYA PRADESH 21866 1564 23430 33773 982 34755 154.5 62.8
15 MAHARASHTRA 21794 1551 23345 24394 1437 25831 111.9 92.6
16 MANIPUR 860 110 970 438 27 465 50.9 24.5
17 MEGHALAYA 485 45 530 613 6 619 126.4 13.3
18 MIZORAM 998 168 1166 728 62 790 72.9 36.9
19 NAGALAND 1115 105 1220 603 16 619 54.1 15.2
20 ORISSA 12473 826 13299 13850 523 14373 111.0 63.3
21 PUNJAB 10973 924 11897 15293 822 16115 139.4 89.0
22 RAJASTHAN 16582 1045 17627 14973 547 15520 90.3 52.3
23 SIKKIM 160 39 199 251 9 260 156.9 23.1
24 TAMIL NADU 18495 1816 20311 15133 1071 16204 81.8 59.0
25 TRIPURA 1015 50 1065 1251 27 1278 123.3 54.0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 40376 1800 42176 78115 2694 80809 193.5 149.7
27 UTTARAKHAND 2188 104 2292 3114 120 3234 142.3 115.4
28 WEST BENGAL 18880 1592 20472 18807 1423 20230 99.6 89.4
TOTAL (STATES) 271447 18195 289642 356615 15430 372045 131.4 84.8
29 A & N ISLANDS 269 40 309 221 0 221 82.2 0.0
30 CHANDIGARH 960 40 1000 509 17 526 53.0 42.5
31 D & N HAVELI 50 10 60 43 3 46 86.0 30.0
32 DAMAN & DIU 80 40 120 40 3 43 50.0 7.5
33 DELHI 5850 400 6250 11083 470 11553 189.5 117.5
34 LAKSHADWEEP 16 0 16 19 0 19 118.8 0.0
35 PUDUCHERRY 335 45 380 294 6 300 87.8 13.3
TOTAL (UTs) 7560 575 8135 12209 499 12708 161.5 86.8
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 279007 18770 297777 368824 15929 384753 132.2 84.9
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.2
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN CENTRAL JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSL.NO.
STATE/UT NUMBEROF
CENTRALJAILS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 7 7137 262 7399 7617 118 7735
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 6 3247 139 3386 3847 126 3973
4 BIHAR 6 12082 257 12339 11016 257 11273
5 CHHATTISGARH 5 3063 282 3345 7628 464 8092
6 GOA 1 125 25 150 118 25 143
7 GUJARAT 2 2572 119 2691 5873 308 6181
8 HARYANA 2 2214 34 2248 2830 92 2922
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 2 503 23 526 690 28 718
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 2 1200 20 1220 718 9 727
11 JHARKHAND 3 5398 200 5598 7595 277 7872
12 KARNATAKA 7 5688 416 6104 8711 418 9129
13 KERALA 3 1998 191 2189 3147 65 3212
14 MADHYA PRADESH 8 10136 567 10703 17137 532 17669
15 MAHARASHTRA 9 14345 426 14771 17171 661 17832
16 MANIPUR 2 860 110 970 438 27 465
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 1 456 89 545 372 35 407
19 NAGALAND 1 550 50 600 294 0 294
20 ORISSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 PUNJAB 7 7884 453 8337 10782 468 11250
22 RAJASTHAN 8 7927 191 8118 8046 92 8138
23 SIKKIM 1 119 20 139 172 8 180
24 TAMIL NADU 9 14009 84 14093 12485 49 12534
25 TRIPURA 1 355 0 355 671 0 671
26 UTTAR PRADESH 5 7060 30 7090 14305 88 14393
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 WEST BENGAL 6 11152 305 11457 10324 430 10754
TOTAL (STATES) 104 120080 4293 124373 151987 4577 156564
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 CHANDIGARH 1 960 40 1000 509 17 526
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 8 4800 0 4800 9401 0 9401
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 1 275 25 300 236 6 242
TOTAL (UTs) 10 6035 65 6100 10146 23 10169
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 114 126115 4358 130473 162133 4600 166733
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.3
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN DISTRICT JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
SL.NO.
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSTATE/UT NUMBER
OFDISTRICT
JAILSMALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 10 1956 193 2149 2242 184 2426
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 18 2213 254 2467 4293 177 4470
4 BIHAR 32 15701 507 16208 21844 766 22610
5 CHHATTISGARH 10 1200 94 1294 1831 32 1863
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 GUJARAT 8 2058 91 2149 3839 158 3997
8 HARYANA 11 7234 495 7729 10240 415 10655
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 2 307 10 317 308 17 325
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 7 1504 76 1580 1406 76 1482
11 JHARKHAND 19 5938 280 6218 9060 337 9397
12 KARNATAKA 13 2341 242 2583 1901 87 1988
13 KERALA 3 311 37 348 806 18 824
14 MADHYA PRADESH 22 5087 419 5506 7346 362 7708
15 MAHARASHTRA 24 4980 292 5272 6331 446 6777
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 4 485 45 530 613 6 619
18 MIZORAM 5 542 79 621 356 27 383
19 NAGALAND 3 320 30 350 136 3 139
20 ORISSA 13 5593 166 5759 6692 198 6890
21 PUNJAB 5 1654 136 1790 2620 150 2770
22 RAJASTHAN 25 4706 223 4929 4093 152 4245
23 SIKKIM 1 41 19 60 79 1 80
24 TAMIL NADU 4 877 0 877 365 0 365
25 TRIPURA 2 252 6 258 254 1 255
26 UTTAR PRADESH 51 32226 1652 33878 62799 2434 65233
27 UTTARAKHAND 6 1445 91 1536 1987 85 2072
28 WEST BENGAL 12 5275 528 5803 3987 339 4326
TOTAL (STATES) 310 104246 5965 110211 155428 6471 161899
29 A & N ISLANDS 1 239 30 269 209 0 209
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 1 1050 0 1050 1682 0 1682
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 1 40 10 50 49 0 49
TOTAL (UTs) 3 1329 40 1369 1940 0 1940
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 313 105575 6005 111580 157368 6471 163839
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.4
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN SUB JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSL.NO.
STATE/UT NUMBEROF SUBJAILS MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 121 3989 543 4532 3000 240 3240
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 1 24 8 32 64 1 65
4 BIHAR 16 3037 218 3255 3620 111 3731
5 CHHATTISGARH 12 511 69 580 1275 0 1275
6 GOA 1 75 0 75 135 0 135
7 GUJARAT 11 1398 93 1491 1737 74 1811
8 HARYANA 4 150 0 150 251 0 251
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 7 268 32 300 352 13 365
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 3 250 0 250 101 0 101
11 JHARKHAND 4 874 41 915 1058 38 1096
12 KARNATAKA 74 2519 184 2703 2114 43 2157
13 KERALA 26 734 162 896 1736 49 1785
14 MADHYA PRADESH 90 6643 578 7221 9290 88 9378
15 MAHARASHTRA 172 1171 568 1739 114 9 123
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 6 245 25 270 173 13 186
20 ORISSA 59 5646 569 6215 5552 247 5799
21 PUNJAB 11 896 15 911 1387 0 1387
22 RAJASTHAN 59 3330 281 3611 2337 26 2363
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 99 2694 301 2995 1675 230 1905
25 TRIPURA 7 408 14 422 326 4 330
26 UTTAR PRADESH 3 376 28 404 692 18 710
27 UTTARAKHAND 2 443 13 456 914 35 949
28 WEST BENGAL 30 1637 264 1901 3507 241 3748
TOTAL (STATES) 818 37318 4006 41324 41410 1480 42890
29 A & N ISLANDS 3 30 10 40 12 0 12
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 1 50 10 60 43 3 46
32 DAMAN & DIU 2 80 40 120 40 3 43
33 DELHI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 LAKSHADWEEP 4 16 0 16 19 0 19
35 PUDUCHERRY 2 20 10 30 9 0 9
TOTAL (UTs) 12 196 70 266 123 6 129
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 830 37514 4076 41590 41533 1486 43019
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.5
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES OF WOMEN JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSL.NO.
STATE/UT NUMBEROF
WOMENJAILS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 2 0 380 380 0 332 332
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 BIHAR 1 0 83 83 0 95 95
5 CHHATTISGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 GUJARAT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 HARYANA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 KARNATAKA 1 0 69 69 0 0 0
13 KERALA 1 0 48 48 0 39 39
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 MAHARASHTRA 1 0 262 262 0 314 314
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 ORISSA 1 0 55 55 0 28 28
21 PUNJAB 1 0 320 320 0 204 204
22 RAJASTHAN 2 0 350 350 0 259 259
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 3 0 1013 1013 0 712 712
25 TRIPURA 1 0 30 30 0 22 22
26 UTTAR PRADESH 1 0 90 90 0 154 154
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 WEST BENGAL 2 0 400 400 0 339 339
TOTAL (STATES) 17 0 3100 3100 0 2498 2498
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 1 0 400 400 0 470 470
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (UTs) 1 0 400 400 0 470 470
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 18 0 3500 3500 0 2968 2968
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.6
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN BORSTAL SCHOOLS AT THE END OF 2008
SL.NO.
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSTATE/UT NUMBER
OFBORSTALSCHOOLS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 1 93 0 93 7 0 7
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 BIHAR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 CHHATTISGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 GUJARAT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 HARYANA 1 160 195 355 71 150 221
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1 15 15 30 10 0 10
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 1 100 0 100 38 0 38
12 KARNATAKA 1 200 0 200 0 0 0
13 KERALA 1 100 0 100 0 0 0
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 MAHARASHTRA 1 105 0 105 42 0 42
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 ORISSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 PUNJAB 1 489 0 489 445 0 445
22 RAJASTHAN 1 90 0 90 13 0 13
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 11 633 0 633 563 0 563
25 TRIPURA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 WEST BENGAL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (STATES) 20 1985 210 2195 1189 150 1339
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (UTs) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 20 1985 210 2195 1189 150 1339
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.7
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN OPEN JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSL.NO.
STATE/UT NUMBEROF
OPENJAILS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 2 430 0 430 340 0 340
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 1 100 0 100 43 0 43
4 BIHAR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 CHHATTISGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 GUJARAT 2 100 0 100 62 0 62
8 HARYANA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1 80 0 80 50 0 50
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 KARNATAKA 1 80 0 80 26 0 26
13 KERALA 2 530 0 530 321 0 321
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 MAHARASHTRA 4 922 0 922 584 0 584
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 ORISSA 1 100 0 100 102 0 102
21 PUNJAB 1 50 0 50 59 0 59
22 RAJASTHAN 13 529 0 529 484 18 502
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 2 110 0 110 45 0 45
25 TRIPURA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 UTTARAKHAND 1 300 0 300 213 0 213
28 WEST BENGAL 1 70 0 70 103 0 103
TOTAL (STATES) 32 3401 0 3401 2432 18 2450
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (UTs) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 32 3401 0 3401 2432 18 2450
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.8
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN SPECIAL JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSL.NO.
STATE/UT NUMBEROF
SPECIALJAILS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 1 360 12 372 182 9 191
4 BIHAR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 CHHATTISGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 GUJARAT 2 170 18 188 223 5 228
8 HARYANA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 KARNATAKA 2 238 12 250 230 0 230
13 KERALA 5 271 27 298 540 11 551
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 MAHARASHTRA 1 243 3 246 145 4 149
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 ORISSA 2 1043 30 1073 1194 41 1235
21 PUNJAB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
22 RAJASTHAN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 5 172 418 590 0 80 80
25 TRIPURA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 2 714 0 714 319 0 319
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 WEST BENGAL 3 746 95 841 886 74 960
TOTAL (STATES) 23 3957 615 4572 3719 224 3943
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (UTs) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 23 3957 615 4572 3719 224 3943
* Jails do not exist
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TABLE 2.9
CAPACITY AND POPULATION OF INMATES IN OTHER JAILS AT THE END OF 2008
TOTAL CAPACITY OF INMATES INMATE POPULATIONSL.NO.
STATE/UT NUMBEROF
OTHERJAILS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* - - - - - - -
3 ASSAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 BIHAR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 CHHATTISGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 GOA 3 91 0 91 125 0 125
7 GUJARAT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 HARYANA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 KARNATAKA 1 250 0 250 8 0 8
13 KERALA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 MAHARASHTRA 1 28 0 28 7 3 10
16 MANIPUR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 ORISSA 1 91 6 97 310 9 319
21 PUNJAB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
22 RAJASTHAN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 TRIPURA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 WEST BENGAL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (STATES) 6 460 6 466 450 12 462
29 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 CHANDIGARH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 DAMAN & DIU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 DELHI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (UTs) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 6 460 6 466 450 12 462
* Jails do not exist
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CHAPTER - 3
TYPES OF PRISON INMATES
Prison inmates lodged in various jails are categorised as Convicts,Undertrials and Detenues.
Convicts
Uttar Pradesh accounted for thehighest number of convicted prisoners(21,675) at the end of 2008 among theStates & UTs. Other States which havereported considerably large number ofconvicts were Madhya Pradesh (16,102),
Maharashtra (9,164), Rajasthan (6,280),Bihar (5,999), West Bengal (5,981),Jharkhand (5,784), Punjab (5,471), TamilNadu (5,419), Haryana (5,387), AndhraPradesh (5,378), Gujarat (4,927),Chhattisgarh (4,767) and Orissa (4,300)(Table-3.1).
The State/UT wise distribution ofconvicts lodged in different jails ispresented in Table 3.1. Madhya Pradesh(12,426), Uttar Pradesh (12,156),Maharashtra (7,967), Tamil Nadu (5,143),West Bengal (5,073), Jharkhand (4,845),Rajasthan (4,660), Chhattisgarh (4,556),Andhra Pradesh (4,467), Gujarat (4,174),Bihar (4,136), Punjab (4,024), Karnataka(3,823), Kerala (2,260) and Delhi (1,775)accommodated majority of the convictedprisoners in their Central Jails. DistrictJails of Haryana (3,932), Orissa (3,192),and Assam (1,771) catered to a largenumber of convict prisoners.The number
of convicts in sub-jails was higher inMadhya Pradesh (1,636), Orissa (574)and Punjab (241). The lone Borstal Schoolin Punjab reported the highest number ofconvicts (98) followed by Haryana (94)and Tamil Nadu (58). Haryana has oneBorstal School and Tamil Nadu has 11Borstal Schools in its jurisdiction.
The Open Jails located inMaharashtra have reported highest numberof convicts (584) followed by Rajasthan
(502), Andhra Pradesh (340), Kerala (321)and Uttarakhand (213).
The number of convicts lodged inSpecial Jails was highest in Orissa (329)followed by Uttar Pradesh (319) and WestBengal (127).
The State/UT-wise, Jail-wise andGender-wise information on different type ofprison inmates is presented in Tables-3.5to Table 3.12. The Central Jails
accommodated higher number of femaleconvicts in the States of Maharashtra (466),Madhya Pradesh (290), Chhattisgarh (192),Gujarat (189), Karnataka (177), WestBengal (164), Punjab (152) and Jharkhand(150) (Table-3.5). Uttar Pradesh (497)accommodated the highest number offemale convicts in district jails followed byHaryana (140), Madhya Pradesh (97),Orissa (87) and Assam (54) (Table-3.6).
The exclusive women jails inRajasthan accommodated 198 femaleconvicts, followed by Andhra Pradesh(187), Tamil Nadu (173) and Uttar Pradesh(154). Delhi is the only UT having oneexclusive women jail and 56 convicts werelodged in it (Table-3.8).
Undertrials
Detailed information on Undertrialslodged in different jails of States and UTs is
given in Table-3.2. The highest number ofundertrial prisoners in various jails at theend of the year 2008, was reported fromUttar Pradesh (58,498) followed by Bihar(31,647), Madhya Pradesh (18,488),Maharashtra (16,554), West Bengal(14,111), Jharkhand (12,610), Punjab(10,629) and Orissa (10,061). OtherStates/UTs which have also reported highnumber of undertrials in their jails are TamilNadu (9,746), Delhi (9,552), Karnataka(9,408), Rajasthan (9,120), Andhra
Pradesh (8,669), Haryana (8,662), Gujarat
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(6,971), Chhattisgarh (6,457) and Assam(5,238).
Some of the States / UTs havereported large number of undertrialslodged in Central Jails. The States / UTsin which majority of undertrials werelodged
in Central Jails were Maharashtra(9,797), Delhi (7,603), Punjab (7,224),Tamil Nadu (6,398), West Bengal (5,652),Karnataka (5,233), Chhattisgarh (3,533),Rajasthan (3,373) and Andhra Pradesh(3,235). In many States / UTs most of theundertrials were lodged either in district jails or sub jails. Uttar Pradesh (55,809),
Table 3(A)Number of Civil Prisoners (Convicts & Undertrials) in Jails at the end of 2008
CONVICTS UNDERTRIALSSL.NO.
STATE/UT
MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 12 0 12 0 0 0
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH* 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 ASSAM 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 BIHAR 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 CHHATISGARH 21 0 21 0 0 0
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 GUJARAT 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 HARYANA 5 0 5 3 0 3
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 JHARKHAND 2 0 2 0 0 0
12 KARNATAKA 0 0 0 18 0 18
13 KERALA 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 MADHYA PRADESH 13 0 13 0 0 0
15 MAHARASHTRA 16 0 16 118 9 127
16 MANIPUR 2 0 2 0 0 0
17 MEGHALAYA 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 MIZORAM 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 NAGALAND 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 ORISSA 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 PUNJAB 0 0 0 0 0 0
22 RAJASTHAN 0 0 0 12 0 12
23 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 TAMIL NADU 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 TRIPURA 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 UTTAR PRADESH 178 0 178 1716 0 1716
27 UTTARAKHAND 0 0 0 0 0 0