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Dumas ISD Parents’ Night Teacher Training
2015-2016
Assessing and Identifying Dyslexia
Special Services - Dyslexia
Dumas ISD/Region 16 ESCAdapted from materials provided by Gina Mitchell of Region 10 ESC
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School Success
Lifetime
Achievement
Effective Instruction
Dyslexia
Present/Future Accommodations
Appropriate Placement Documentation
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Dyslexia Fact or Myth
1. Dyslexia cannot be diagnosed until about third grade.
2. Children who reverse b’s and d’s are dyslexic.3. Students cannot be dyslexic and
Gifted/Talented.4. More boys than girls are dyslexic.5. A test is given to diagnose dyslexia.6. Dyslexia is outgrown.
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Dyslexia is:
• Of constitutional origin
• Difficulty with reading, writing, or spelling
• Unexpected
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International Dyslexia Association Definition 2002
• Specific learning disability
• Neurological origin
• Difficulties in accurate / fluent word recognition, poor spelling, and decoding
• Deficit in phonological component of language
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International Dyslexia Association Definition 2002
• UNEXPECTED in relation to other cognitive abilities and effective classroom instruction
• Secondary consequences in reading comprehension, reduced reading experience that impedes vocabulary growth and background knowledge
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Prevalence (Shaywitz, 2003)
• 5%-17% of school-aged children have dyslexia. • Dyslexia is the most common learning disability.
• Dyslexia occurs with equal frequency in boys and girls.
• More than 1/3 of fourth-grade students cannot read well enough to comprehend grade-level material. (National Center for Education Statistics, 2001)
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Heritability• Family history is an important risk factor 23% - 65%
of children have a parent with dyslexia.
• The rate among siblings is approximately 40%.
• The skills of readers with dyslexia become more accurate over time, but they do not become automatic. Therefore, causing reading to remain effortful--even for the brightest student and persists into adulthood.
(Torgesen, 2002)
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Right Hemisphere Left Hemisphere
Child #12 With Reading
Difficulties
Child #1 Normal Reader
Reprinted by permission, Jack Fletcher, Center for Academic Reading Skills
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Before After
Child #1 with Reading Difficulties
Child #2 with Reading Difficulties
Reprinted by permission, Jack Fletcher, Center for Academic Reading Skills
16
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Research Findings• Specific Reading
Disability/Dyslexia affects at least one out of every five children in the U.S.
• Dyslexia is not a developmental delay. Of children who display reading problems in the 3rd grade, 74% will be poor readers in the 9th grade and into adulthood without intervention.
• Reading, writing, and spelling failure caused by dyslexia is highly preventable through direct, explicit instruction in phonemic awareness.
NICHD 2002
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Refining
• Current/on-going research
• New findings
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MEDICAL EDUCATIONAL
•Symptoms •Characteristics
•Examinations •Observations
•Tests/Procedures •Tests/Assessments
•Diagnosis--Identification
•Medical Treatment •Educational Treatment
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What is required by the state of Texas for the identification of the
student with dyslexia?
TAC§74.28 §504 IDEIA §504
TEC §38.003 TEC §7.028 TEC §28.006
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The Dyslexia Handbook, 2009, is a guideline
• Written procedures • Recommendations for
assessment, identification, and
placement.
http://www. region10.org/dyslexia
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There is NO one test for dyslexia
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Identifying Dyslexia
“Tests don’t identify, people do”
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Identification of Dyslexia
Made by a committee of
knowledgeable persons
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Outcomes• Depend on severity and intervention
• Can be long term; students not on track by third grade are less likely to catch up
(Snow, Burns, & Griffin, 1998)
75% of poor readers in third grade remained poor readers in ninth grade
(Francis, Shaywitz, Stuebing, Shaywitz, & Fletcher, 1996)
• Are broader than just poor reading skills (Snow, Burns, & Griffin,
1998)
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Video
Dyslexia: Finding the Answers
International Dyslexia Association
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Suggestions For Parents• Learn about dyslexia
• Understand your student and
help your student understand
• Support your student
• Collaborate with educators
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Resources
• The Dyslexia Handbook
http://www.region10.org/dyslexia
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Questions & Answers
The most frequently asked questions about dyslexia.
• The Dyslexia Handbook Revised 2014
Appendix C
Pages 60-79
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Dumas ISD Dyslexia Contact
Jo Stroebel
806-935-4155 ext.2022
Denia Brinkmann
806-935-4155 ext.6011