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PushandPull
Grade:KindergartenCategory:PhysicalScienceNGSS:K-ForcesandInteractions:PushandPull(K-PS2-1,K-PS2-2)Description:Inthislesson,thestudentswilllearnthatpushingorpullinganobjectcanmovetheobject.Pushinganobjectmovetheobjectawayfromuswhilepullinganobject,bringtheobjectclosertous.Theywillalsolearnthatpushingandpullingcanchangethespeedofanobjectandcanstartorstopit.Abiggerpushorpullmakesthingsspeeduporslowdown.Learningobjectives:
• Understandthatanobjectmoveswhenwepushitorpullit.• Understandwhysomeobjectsareeasytomovewhilesome
objectsaredifficulttomove.• Understandthatpushactionmovesthingsawayfromus
whileapullactionbringsthingsclosertous.• Understandthattomoveheavyobjects,wehavetouse
moreforce.Keywords:push,pull,force,energy,speed,faster,slower,toward,awayfrom
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Engage(E1)
Purpose:Toassessstudents'priorknowledgeofhowanobjectcanbemoved.
Backgroundinformationforteachers:
Everyday,wepushandwepull.Pushandpullcanmovethings.Sometimeswepushthings,movingobjectsfurtherawayfromus.Othertimes,wepull,bringingobjectsclosertous.Pushingandpullingarebothexamplesofforce.Whenwepushorpullsomething,weareapplyingforcetoitsoitwillmove.
ClassroomQ&AAsktwostudentstostandupinfrontofclass.Drawalinebetweenthemandgive
themaropetoplaytugofwar.Explainthattheyneedtopulltheropeuntiltheotherstudentcrosstheline.Thepersonwhocrossesthelinefirst,losesthegame.Askthesequestions:
• Whatarethestudentsdoing?Theyarepullingtherope.• Whatmusttheydotowinthegame?Theteamthatpullsharderwillwin.• Nowasktwomorestudentstojoinoneside.Whichteamwillwin?Why?Theteam
withmorepeoplewillwinbecausetheyusemoreforce.
DigitalActivityLogintoKoantumandfindthe"PushandPull"lesson.Openthefollowingpageandhavethestudentsdescribewhateachkidisdoing.Askthesequestions:
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• Thisgirlisflyingakite.Tokeepthekiteintheair,shouldshepushthestringorpullthestring?Sheneedstopullthestringtokeepthekiteintheair.
• Thisboyiskickingaball.Iskickingapushactionorapullaction?Whenyoukickaballyouarepushingitwithyourlegsoitmovesawayfromyou.Ifhekickstheballharder,itwillmovefasteranditwillmovefurtheraway.
• Thisboyhassteppedoutside,butbeforehecanplay,hemustshutthedoor.Doyouthinkheshouldpushthedoororpullthedoortocloseit?Hepullsthedoorshut.
• Thisboyisdoneplaying.Hewantstogoinside.Howwillheopenthedoor?Shouldhepushthedoororpullthedoor?Hemustpushthedoortoopenit.
• Thisgirlistryingtomoveaheavybasket.Doessheappeartobepushingorpullingthebasket?Sheispullingtheheavybasket.
Explore(E2)
Purpose:Toexploremoreaboutpushandpull.
Backgroundinformationforteachers:
Inthislesson,thestudentsonlylearnabouttheforcesthatareindirectcontactwithobjects.Thereareforcesthatarenotindirectcontactwithobjects,suchasmagneticandgravitationalforces.
Gravityisaforcethatpullsustowardtheground.Thisiswhywhenwethrowsomethingintheair;itwillcomebackdownagain.Withoutgravity,everyoneandeverythingwouldbefloatingaround.
VideoGravity|Dr.BinocsShow,LearnSeriesForKids
https://youtu.be/suQDwZcnJdg
PrintableActivityHavestudentscompletetheprintableactivity"PushorPull?1"bydrawingalinefromeachpicturetothecorrectaction.
Answerkey:
- TheyareallPUSHactions.
PrintableActivityHavestudentscompletetheprintableactivity"PushorPull?2"bydrawingalinefromeachpicturetothecorrectaction.
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Answerkey:
- TheyareallPULLactions.
PrintableActivityHavestudentscompletetheprintableactivity"PushActions"bycirclingthepushactions.
Answerkey:
- Pushingabutton- Pushtheswing- Throwaballisapushaction- Pushaheavybox- Writingisapushaction
PrintableActivityHavestudentscompletetheprintableactivity"PullActions"bycirclingthepullactions.
Answerkey:
- Dadpullingthewagonuphill.- Pullingtheglove- Pullingabookfrombookcase- Pullingarope- Pullingsock- Pullingafishoutofwater
DigitalActivityLogintoKoantumandfindthe"PushandPull"lesson.Openthefollowingpageandhavethestudentscompletetheactivity.
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Answers:
- Dadpullingthewagonuphill. - Pushingabutton- Pullingtheglove - Pushingtheswing- Pullingabookfrombookcase - Throwaballisapushaction- Pullingarope - Pushingaheavybox- Pullingsock - Writingisapushaction- Pullingafishoutofwater - Kidpushinganotherkid- Birdpullingastick - Dadpushingawagonuphill
PrintableActivityHavestudentscompletetheprintableactivity"Pushvs.Pull"bycirclingthepicturethatdoesnotmatchtheaction.
Answerkey:
Row1:Dadpullingthewagonuphillisnotapushaction.
Row2:Squeezingaballisapushactionnotapullaction.
Row3:PullingawagonisnotaPushaction.
Row4:Pressingabuttonisapushaction.
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ClassroomActivityMakeaPaperSpring
Materialsneeded:
• Stripsofcoloredpaperofequalsize(suchas8.5"x1"),atleast2perstudent• Glue
Havethestudentsformarightanglewiththetwostripsofpapersothattheendsoverlap;gluethestripstogether.Foldthelowerstripovertheoneontop,andrepeatthisstepuntilbothstripsformasquare(bothstripsshouldbezigzaggedacrosseachother).Gluethetopflap.
Explaintostudentsthatspringsaresomethingthatbothpushandpull.Havethemtrytocompresstheirpaperspringtoseeitpushback.Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenwhenyouletgoifyoupullthespringfrombothsides?Isitmorefuntopushthespringdownorpullthespringandstretchit?
Explain(E3)
DigitalActivityLogintoKoantumandfindthe"PushandPull"lesson.Openthefollowingpageandgoovertheslidestomakesuretheyunderstandthesubject.
1. Wepushandpullthingseachandeveryday.Forexample,wepullthedoortocloseit
butwepushthedoortoopenit.Inbothexamplesweareusingforcebecauseweare
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changingthelocationofthedoor.
2. Apushactionmovesthingsawayfromuswhileapullactionbringsthingsclosertous.
3. Forceisafancywordforpushingandpulling.Whenwepushorpullsomething,weareapplyingforcetoit.Weuseforcetomoveobjectsandtomakethemstop,slowdown,andgofaster.Wealsouseforcetochangetheshapeofanobject—likewhenwesqueezeasquishyballorplaywithclay.
4. Tomoveheavyobjects,wehavetousemoreforce.Whichoneofthesetwokidsshouldusemoreforcetomovethebox?That'sright!Theboyneedstousemoreforcebecauseitisheavier.Lightthingsareeasytomove.Heavythingsaredifficulttomove.
Elaborate(E4)
Purpose:Toapplypushandpulltomovethings.
DigitalActivityLogintoKoantumandfindthe"PushandPull"lesson.Openthefollowingpageandselectthebuttonsatthetoptoswitchbetweenthescreensandaskthesequestions.
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1. Thosechildrenareonaride.Inordertomovethecart,doweneedtopushthecartorpullthecart?Thiscartneedsapush.
2. Whatwillhappentothecartwhenitpassesthroughthewater?Doesitgetfasterorslowdown?Thewaterslowstheridedown.
3. Whatwillhappentothecartwhenitgoesuphill?Doesitgetfasterorslowdown?Itslowsdown.
4. Whatwillhappentothecartwhenitgoesdownhill?Doesitgetfasterorslowdown?Itgetsfaster.
ClassroomActivityPushingandPulling
Materialsneeded:
• Scooterboards(alternatives:cardboardboxes,plasticrecyclingbins)• Openspace(gym)
Havethestudentschooseapartner;haveonestudentpushtheotheronthescooterboardfromonesideoftheroomtotheother.Then,havethesamestudentpulltheirpartnerback.Havethemswitchplacesandrepeat.
Havebothstudentssitonthescooterboards,facingeachother;havethemputtheirhandsagainsteachother.Havethemtrypushingawayfromeachothergentlytoseehowfartheygetfromeachother.Then,tryagain,havingthempushagainsteachotherashardastheycan.Explainthatfrictionworksagainstmovement,whichiswhysomethingsaremoredifficulttopushandpull.
Askifrollingthescooteroncarpetwouldbeeasierthanthegymfloor(no,carpetwouldcausemorefrictionandmakeithardertopushorpull.)Alternatively,ifyouareusingcardboardboxesorplasticbins,askifhavingwheelswouldmakeiteasierormoredifficulttopushorpull(itwouldbeeasier,becausethereislessfriction).Ifthereweremorefriction,doyouthinkthatpushingawayfromeachotherwouldbeeasierormoredifficult?
VideoSwings,Slides,andScience|SciShowKids
https://youtu.be/JvSClZ3vHOI
FunFacts• Therearesomeforcesthatpushandpullwithouttouching,suchasmagnetism—
whentwomagnetsareattractedtoorpushawayfromeachother.• Gravityisdifferentoneveryplanet.Didyouknowthatgravityonthemoonisonly1/6th
ofEarth'sgravity?Thatmeansyoucanjump6timeshigher!
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Evaluate(E5)
Purpose:Toassessstudents'understandingofthelesson.
1-Kickingaballisanexampleofa____________.a) pullb) pushc) stretchd) speed
2-Pickingupaballisanexampleofa_____________.
a) pushb) stretchc) collisiond) pull
3-Aballispushedtothetopofahill.Whenitrollsdown,itwill____________.
a) gofasterb) goslowerc) stopd) stayatthesamespeed
4-WhenI_________,Imoveitawayfromme.
a) kickaballb) pullthestringofakitec) pullaweed d) pulloutachair
5-WhenI_________,Imoveitclosertome.
a) pushabox b) pushabicyclec) pushabutton d) pullatoywagon
6-ApushorpullCANNOTchangeanobject's_____________.
a) weightb) directionc) shaped) speed
7-Squeezingarubberballbetweenthepalmsofyourhandsisanexampleof_____________.
a) stretch
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b) pull c) speed d) push
8-Aforceisanyactionthatchangesthe_____________ofanobject.
a) weightb) speedc) shaped) location,speed,orshape
9-Whenanobjectistooheavy,youneedtousemore_________tomoveit.
a) weightb) speed c) forced) tools
10-Gravityisanaturalforcebecauseitmakesobjects_____________eachother.
a) pulltowardb) pushawayfromc) spintowardd) spinawayfrom