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Edud G. Bw J., Aey GeeaCalifornia Department of Justice
Division of California Justice Information ServicesBureau of Criminal Information and Analysis
CRIMINAL JUSTICE STATISTICS CENTER
HAtE
CrimE
in
CAliforniA
2007
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Hate Crime
Printed Annually by the
California Department of JusticeDivision of California Justice Information Services
Bureau of Criminal Information and Analysis
CRIMINAL JUSTICE STATISTICS CENTER
Released July 2008
An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on theCalifornia Attorney Generals website: http://ag.ca.gov
inCAliforniA
2007
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ii HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
CAliforniA DEPArtmEnt of JUStiCEEdmund G. Brown Jr., Attorney General
DiViSion of CAliforniA JUStiCE informAtion SErViCESGary Cooper, Director
BUrEAU of CriminAl informAtion AnD AnAlYSiSJulie Basco, Bureau ChiefMarilyn Yankee, Assistant Bureau Chief
HAtE CrimE in CAliforniA, 2007Kevin Grassel, Principal Analyst
The role of the Criminal Justice Statistics Center is to:
Collect, analyze, and report statistical data which provide valid measures
of crime and the criminal justice process.
Examine these data on an ongoing basis to better describe crime and the
criminal justice system.
Promote the responsible presentation and use of crime statistics.
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CONTENTS ii
Introduction .............................................................. 1
Methodology ............................................................ 2
Selected Findings .................................................... 3
Crime Data, 2007
Overview ............................................................. 4
Bias Motivation .................................................... 6
Race/Ethnicity/National Origin ............................ 6
Religion ............................................................... 7
Sexual Orientation ............................................... 7
Type of Crime ...................................................... 8
Violent Crime ....................................................... 8
Property Crime .................................................... 9
Location ............................................................... 9Type of Victim ...................................................... 10
Prosecutorial Data, 2007
Hate Crime Prosecution Dispositions .................. 11
Total Cases Referred .......................................... 12
Total Cases Filed for Prosecution ....................... 12
Total Dispositions ................................................ 13
Hate Crime Convictions ...................................... 13
Trend Data, 19982007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and KnownSuspects ........................................................ 14
Bias Motivation Categories ................................ 16
Race/Ethnicity/National Origin
Hate Crime Offenses ..................................... 17
Religion Hate Crime Offenses ............................ 18
Sexual Orientation Hate Crime Offenses ............ 19
Type of Crime ..................................................... 20
Violent Crime ...................................................... 21
Property Crime ................................................... 22
Location of Crime ............................................... 23
DAtA tABlES
Hate Crime, 2007
Table 1 Events, Offenses, Victims, andKnown Suspects by Bias Motivation .. 26
Table 2 Offenses by Type of Crime ................. 27Table 3 Events, Offenses, Victims, and
Known Suspects by Location.............. 28
Table 4 Victim Type by Bias Motivation ........... 29
Table 5 Victim Type by Location ...................... 30
Table 6 Events, Offenses, Victims, and
Known Suspects by County andJurisdiction ........................................... 31
Table 7A Summary of Cases Referred by LawEnforcement Agencies and Type ofFilings ................................................... 37
Table 7B Summary of Hate Crime Dispositions 37
Table 8 Cases Referred by Law EnforcementAgencies and Type of Filings ............. 38
Table 9 Hate Crime Case Dispositions ............ 40
Hate Crime, 19982007
Table 10 Hate Crime Case Complaints Filedand Total Convictions .......................... 41
Table 11 Events by Bias Motivation................... 42Table 12 Offenses by Bias Motivation ............... 43
Table 13 Offenses by Type of Crime ................. 44
Table 14 Offenses by Location ......................... 45
Appendices1 Data Characteristics and Known
Limitations ...................................................... 48
2 Criminal Justice Glossary ................................. 50
CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
In 1986, the California Department of Justice (DOJ) rst
recognized the importance of hate crime statistics in
California in a report submitted to the Legislature, inresponse to Senate Bill 2080 (Watson), which providedrecommendations for preliminary steps to establish a
statewide hate crime database (Appendix 1). Theseefforts lead to the enactment of California Penal Code
section 13023, requiring the Attorney General to submitan annual report to the Legislature regarding crimes
motivated by the victims race, ethnicity, religion, gender,sexual orientation, national origin, or physical or mentaldisability as reported by law enforcement agencies.
The Attorney Generals Hate Crime Reporting Program
was implemented in September 1994 and data collection
began in the fall of 1994. Law enforcement agencies wererequested to identify and submit all reports of hate crimesoccurring on or after July 1, 1994 through December31, 1994. In 1995, California District Attorneys began
reporting hate crime prosecutorial information to the DOJ,including total cases referred, hate crime case lings,
criminal case lings, hate crime convictions and other
convictions. In 1995, the DOJ published its rst report.
A hate crime, as dened by California Penal section422.55, is a criminal act committed, in whole or in
part, because of one or more of the following actual or
perceived characteristics of the victim: 1) disability, 2)gender, 3) nationality, 4) race or ethnicity, 5) religion,
6) sexual orientation, 7) association with a person orgroup with one or more of these actual or perceivedcharacteristics. Law enforcement agency crime reports
and a web-enabled data collection system are used tosubmit hate crime data to the DOJ. Each crime report
includes information about bias motivation, type of crime,location of crime, number of victims, and the number of
known suspects.
Hate crimes are not separate distinct crimes but rather
traditional offenses motivated by the offenders bias. Ahate crime event may include the occurrence of one or
more criminal offenses, committed against one or more
victims, by one or more suspects/perpetrators. Also, vic-tims can have more than one offense committed againstthem. In 2007 there were 1,426 total hate crime events,which included 1,931 offenses, 1,764 victims, and 1,627
known suspects.
All police agencies and district attorney offices inCalifornia, in cooperation with the DOJ, have developed
local data collection programs and submitted the hatecrime statistics for this 2007 edition of Hate Crime inCalifornia.
INTRODUCTION 1
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2 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
To ensure quality and consistency, the DOJ requests thateach agency establish a two-tier review process for bias
motivated crimes before they are reported to the DOJ ashate crimes.
Hard copy reports of hate crimes received by the DOJare reviewed by at least two staff members of the Hate
Crime Unit before the data are included in the aggregatereports. All hard copy crime reports that meet the bias
motivated criteria stated in Penal Code section 422.55are coded in a standard format by DOJ staff. Whenagencies begin to enter data electronically, they are still
required to submit a hard copy crime report. The DOJstaff compares electronic data to hard copy reports until
it has been determined the agency is qualied to enter
data electronically. When an agency has been qualied,a hard copy crime report is no longer required.
If a report is either incomplete, does not contain
sufcient information to determine whether there was
a bias motivation, or appears not to be a hate crime,
the reporting agency is notied. The agency can either
provide additional information or agree with the DOJ
that the event in question does not meet the denitionof a hate crime. Those crimes meeting the denition of
a hate crime are entered into the Hate Crime Statistical
System. The data reected in this report are gathered
from this system.
The primary unit of count for hate crimes is the event or
incident. Other units of count include offenses, victims,known suspects, and violent and property crime types.In each hate crime event, the DOJ counts the total
number of victims, the total number of known suspects,and the total number of criminal offenses involved in the
event. These totals are also categorized and counted
by type of bias motivation (anti-black, anti-Hispanic,anti-male homosexual (gay), anti-Jewish, etc.), type ofcrime (murder, aggravated assault, burglary, destruction/vandalism, etc.), the crime location (residence, street,
synagogue, school, etc.), and the type of victim (individualor property).
METHODOLOGY
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tYPE of CrimE
SELECTED FIN DINGS
Hae ce eves increased 9.2 percent from1,306 in 2006 to 1,426 in 2007.
Hae ce eses increased 13.5 percent
from 1,702 in 2006 to 1,931 in 2007.
the ube vcs of reported hate crimesincreased 9.5 percent from 1,611 in 2006 to
1,764 in 2007.
the ube kw suspecs of reportedhate crimes increased 0.9 percent from 1,612 in
2006 to 1,627 in 2007.
A a 443 hae ce cases wee eeed psecus: Of the 387 cases led
by District Attorney and City Attorney ofces for
prosecution, 330 were led as hate crimes
and 57 were led as non-bias motivated
crimes. Of the 241 cases with a disposition
available for this report, 110 were hate crimeconvictions, 103 were other convictions, and 28were not convicted.
CrimE DAtA
A-hsexua hate crime events
increased 77.2 percent from 57 in 2006 to 101in 2007.
A-whe hate crime events increased 14.1
percent from 64 in 2006 to 73 in 2007.
A-back hate crime events increased 15.3percent from 432 in 2006 to 498 in 2007.
A-Jewsh hate crime events increased 3.9percent from 129 in 2006 to 134 in 2007.
race/ehcy/aa g hate crime
offenses have consistently been the largestbias motivation category of hate crimes
reported since 1998, accounting for at least60 percent of all hate crime offenses. Within thiscategory, anti-blackhate crimes continue to be
the largest bias motivation accounting for at least26 percent of all hate crime offenses annually
since 1998.
Sexua ea hate crime offenseshave consistently been the second largest
bias motivation category of hate crimes since1998, accounting for at least 18 percent ofall hate crime offenses. Within this category,
anti-male homosexual (gay) hate crimescontinue to be the largest bias motivation
category, accounting for at least 8 percent of allhate crime offenses every year since 1998.
reg hate crime offenses have consistently
been the third largest bias motivation categoryof hate crimes since 1998, accounting for atleast 12 percent of all hate crime offenses.
Within this category, anti-Jewish hate crimescontinue to be the largest bias motivation
category, accounting for at least 7 percent of allhate crime offenses every year since 1998.
BiAS motiVAtion
ProSECUtoriAl DAtA
trEnD DAtA
Ve ce offenses increased 19.9 percentfrom 1,044 in 2006 to 1,252 in 2007.
Ppey ce offenses increased 3.2percent from 658 in 2006 to 679 in 2007.
SELECTED FINDINGS 3
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Source: Tables 1, 8, 9, and 10.Note: Percentages may not add to 100.0 because of rounding.
HAtE CrimE in CAliforniA, 2007ovevew
fgue 1
HAtE CrimEEVEntS
1,426100.0%
A-race/Ehcy/naa og
93265.4%
A-
reg203
14.2%
A-Sexua
oea
26318.4%
A-Dsaby
30.2%
A-Gede
251.8%
4 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
6 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Figure 3
HATE CRIME EVENTS, 2007Race/Ethnicity/National Origin
Source: Table 1.
Source: Table 1.
*Anti-other ethnicity/national origin includes Arab or Middle Easternbias motivated hate crimes.
race/ehcy/aa g hate crimes increased10.4 percent from 844 in 2006 to 932 in 2007. Sexua
ea hate crimes increased 6.9 percent from 246
in 2006 to 263 in 2007.
A-back hate crimes increased 15.3 percent from 432 in2006 to 498 in 2007. A-whe hate crimes increased 14.1
percent from 64 in 2006 to 73 in 2007.
Figure 2
HATE CRIME EVENTS, 2007Bias Motivation
BiAS motiVAtion
rACE/EtHniCitY/nAtionAl oriGin
RACE/
ETHNICITY/
NATIONAL ORIGIN
65.4%
SEXUAL
ORIENTATION
18.4%
RELIGION
14.2%
OTHER
2.0%
ANTI-
BLACK
53.4%
ANTI-
HISPANIC
17.2%
ANTI-WHITE
7.8%
ALLOTHER
5.6%
ANTI-
OTHER ETHNICITY/
NATIONAL ORIGIN*
10.3%
ANTI-ASIAN/
PACIFIC
ISLANDER
5.7%
Peceage
65.4
18.4
14.2
1.8
0.2
nube
932
263
203
25
3
i 2007, 1,426 hate crime events were reported. The
subtotals are as follows:
type
Race/ethnicity/
national origin
Sexual orientation
Religion
Gender
Disability
i 2007, 932 race/ethnicity/national origin hate crimeevents were reported. The subtotals are as follows:
type
Anti-black
Anti-Hispanic
Anti-other ethnicity/
national origin*
Anti-white
Anti-Asian/Pacic Islander
Anti-multiple races, group
Anti-American Indian/
Alaskan Native
Peceage
53.4
17.2
10.3
7.8
5.7
5.5
0.1
nube
498
160
96
73
53
51
1
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CRIME DATA
CRIME DATA 7
Source: Table 1.Note: Percentages do not add to 100.0 because of rounding.
Figure 4
HATE CRIME EVENTS, 2007Religion
ANTI-JEWISH
66.0%
ANTI-ISLAMIC
6.4%
OTHER
17.2%
ANTI-PROTESTANT
5.4%
ANTI-CATHOLIC
4.9%
ANTI-MALE
HOMOSEXUAL
50.2%
ANTI-
HOMOSEXUAL
38.4%
ANTI-BISEXUAL
0.8%ANTI-FEMALE
HOMOSEXUAL
9.9%
ANTI-HETEROSEXUAL
0.8%
Figure 5HATE CRIME EVENTS, 2007
Sexual Orientation
Source: Table 1.Note: Percentages do not add to 100.0 because of rounding.
A-Jewsh hate crimes increased 3.9 percent from 129
in 2006 to 134 in 2007. A-upe egus guphate crimes decreased 35.7 percent from 14 in 2006 to 9
in 2007.
rEliGion
Peceage
66.0
11.8
6.4
5.4
4.9
4.4
1.0
nube
134
24
13
11
10
9
2
i 2007, 203 religion hate crime events were reported.
The subtotals are as follows:
type
Anti-Jewish
Anti-other religion
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)
Anti-Protestant
Anti-Catholic
Anti-multiple religious,group
Anti-atheism/agnosticism,etc.
i 2007, 263 sexual orientation hate crime events werereported. The subtotals are as follows:
SEXUAl oriEntAtion
Peceage
50.2
38.4
9.9
0.8
0.8
nube
132
101
26
2
2
type
Anti-male homosexual
Anti-homosexual
Anti-female homosexual
Anti-bisexual
Anti-heterosexual
A-hsexua hate crimes increased 77.2 percent from
57 in 2006 to 101 in 2007. A-ae hsexua hatecrimes decreased 19.0 percent from 163 in 2006 to 132 in
2007.
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
i 2007, 1,931 hate crime offenses were reported. The
subtotals are as follows:
Figure 6
HATE CRIME OFFENSES, 2007Type of Crime
Source: Table 2.
Ve ce eses increased 19.9 percent from1,044 in 2006 to 1,252 in 2007. Ppey ce eses
increased 3.2 percent from 658 in 2006 to 679 in 2007.
i 2007, 1,252 violent crime offenses were reported.The subtotals are as follows:
rbbey hate crimes increased 87.2 percent from 39 in2006 to 73 in 2007. ida hate crimes increased
48.6 percent from 317 in 2006 to 471 in 2007.
Figure 7HATE CRIME OFFENSES, 2007
Violent Crime
Source: Table 2.
tYPE of CrimE
ViolEnt CrimE
VIOLENT
CRIMES
64.8%
PROPERTY
CRIMES
35.2%
AGGRAVATED
ASSAULT
30.8%
SIMPLE
ASSAULT
25.6%
MURDER
0.2%ROBBERY
5.8%
INTIMIDATION
37.6%
Peceage
64.8
35.2
nube
1,252
679
type
Violent crimes
Property crimes
Peceage
37.6
30.8
25.6
5.8
0.2
nube
471
386
320
73
2
type
Intimidation
Aggravated assault
Simple assault
Robbery
Murder
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CRIME DATA
Figure 8
HATE CRIME OFFENSES, 2007Property Crime i 2007, 679 property crime offenses were reported.
The subtotals are as follows:
Source: Table 2.
Bugay hate crimes increased 95.8 percent from 24 in
2006 to 47 in 2007.
ProPErtY CrimE
CRIME DATA 9
DESTRUCTION/
VANDALISM90.6%
OTHER1.6%
ARSON
0.9%
BURGLARY
6.9%
HIGHWAY/ROAD/
STREET/ALLEY
28.4%
RESIDENCE
28.5%
PARKING LOT
6.8%
ALL
OTHER
LOCATIONS
21.0%
SCHOOL
10.5%
CHURCH/
SYNAGOGUE
4.8%
Peceage
90.6
6.9
1.0
0.9
0.6
nube
615
47
7
6
4
type
Destruction/vandalism
Burglary
Motor vehicle theft
Arson
Larceny-theft
i 2007, 1,426 hate crime events were reported. Theyoccurred in the following locations:
Figure 9HATE CRIME EVENTS, 2007
Location
Source: Table 3.
resdece/he/dveway hate crimes increased
16.0 percent from 350 in 2006 to 406 in 2007. Chuch/syaggue/epe hate crimes decreased 13.8 percent
from 80 in 2006 to 69 in 2007.
loCAtion
Peceage
28.5
28.4
10.5
6.8
4.8
21.0
nube
406
405
150
97
69
299
type
Residence/home/driveway
Highway/road/alley/street
School/college
Parking lot/garage
Church/synagogue/temple
All other locations
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i 2007, there were 1,764 victims in all reported hate crime
events. Victims can be either individuals or institutions.The subtotals are as follows:
regus gazas hate crimes decreased 45.1percent from 82 in 2006 to 45 in 2007. Hate crimes reported
for dvduas increased 13.1 percent from 1,401 in 2006
to 1,584 in 2007 (See Appendix 1, Data Characteristics andKnown Limitations, Item #8).
Figure 10
HATE CRIME EVENTS, 2007Type of Victim
Source: Table 4.
tYPE of ViCtim
10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
INDIVIDUALS
89.8%
OTHER
0.7%GOVERNMENT
PROPERTY
4.4%
RELIGIOUS
ORGANIZATIONS
2.6%
BUSINESS/
FINANCIAL
INSTITUTIONS
2.5%Peceage
89.8
4.4
2.6
2.5
0.7
nube
1,584
78
45
44
13
type
Individuals
Government property
Religious organizations
Business/nancial
institutions
Other
HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
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fgue 11HAtE CrimE ProSECUtion DiSPoSitionS, 2007
Source: Tables 1, 7A, and 7B.Note: The number of hate crime lings with dispositions includes cases referred in 2007 and prior years.
In March 1995, the Attorney General requested all districtattorneys and city attorneys to submit summary dataof complaints led and convictions secured. The 2007
District Attorneys and City Attorneys Report File of HateCrime Cases contains summary data on cases referred
to each district attorney or city attorney, as well as lings
and convictions that occurred between January 1, 2007
and December 31, 2007.
At the request of district attorneys, collection procedureswere modied to ensure the collection of all juvenile case
data. Therefore, the overview below contains all juvenileand adult prosecution data submitted for 2007.
The reader is cautioned to keep in mind when reviewingprosecutorial data that the number of crimes reported are
not always consistent with the number of prosecutionsbecause crimes are often reported and prosecuted in
different years. Also, the number of crimes reportedby law enforcement is much higher than the number
of crimes that are actually prosecuted.
PROSECUTORIAL DATA
PROSECUTORIAL DATA 11
Ca Casefgs
38787.4%
Casesrejeced
5612.6%
Hae CeCases Wh
Dsps
24173.0%
nCvced
2811.6%
Hae CeCvcs
11045.6%
oheCvcs
10342.7%
Hae CeEves
reeed Psecus
443100.0%
Hae CeCase fgs
33085.3%
Cases nfed as
Hae Ces
57
14.7%
Hae CeCases Pedg
Dsps
8927.0%
intErPrEtinG ProSECUtoriAl DAtA
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
totAl CASES filEDfor ProSECUtion
i 2007, of 387 cases led by District Attorney and CityAttorney ofces for prosecution:
Figure 13HATE CRIMES, 2007
Total Cases Filed for Prosecution
Source: Table 7A.
totAl CASES rEfErrED
i 2007, of 443 cases that were referred by law
enforcement agencies for prosecution:
Figure 12
HATE CRIMES, 2007Total Cases Referred
Source: Table 7A.
12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
CASES
FILED
87.4%
CASES
REJECTED
12.6%
HATE CRIMES
FILINGS
85.3%
NON-BIASMOTIVATED
CRIME FILINGS
14.7%
Peceage
87.4
12.6
nube
387
56
type
Cases led
Cases rejected
The number of cases fled increased 15.9 percent
from 334 in 2006 to 387 in 2007. The number of casesejeced increased 93.1 percent from 29 in 2006 to 56 in
2007.
Peceage
85.3
14.7
nube
330
57
type
Hate crime lings
Non-bias motivated
crimes lings
Hate crime flings increased 21.3 percent from 272 in2006 to 330 in 2007. Non-bias motivated crimes flings
decreased 8.1 percent from 62 in 2006 to 57 in 2007.
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PROSECUTORIAL DATA
PROSECUTORIAL DATA 13
HAtE CrimE ConViCtionS
i 2007, of the 110 hate crime convictions:
Figure 15HATE CRIMES, 2007
Hate Crime Convictions
Source: Table 7B.
totAl DiSPoSitionS
i 2007, of 241 cases with a disposition:
Figure 14
HATE CRIMES, 2007Total Dispositions
Source: Table 7B.Note: Percentages do not add to 100.0 because of rounding.
HATE CRIME
CONVICTIONS
45.6%OTHER
CONVICTIONS
42.7%
NOT
CONVICTED
11.6%
GUILTY PLEA
OR NOLO
CONTENDERE
77.3%
TRIAL
VERDICTS
22.7%
Peceage
77.3
22.7
nube
85
25
type
Guilty plea or nolocontendere
Trial verdicts
Hate crime convictions as a result of a guy pea apea cedee decreased 16.7 percent from
102 in 2006 to 85 in 2007. Hate crime convictions as aresult of a vedcs decreased 34.2 percent from 38 in
2006 to 25 in 2007.
Peceage
45.6
42.7
11.6
nube
110
103
28
type
Hate crime convictions
Other convictions
Not convicted
Hae ce cvcs decreased 21.4 percent from 140in 2006 to 110 in 2007. ohe cvcs increased 32.1
percent from 78 in 2006 to 103 in 2007.
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14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
EVEntS
From 1998 to 2001, reported hate events increased
29.2 percent. Hate crime events then began a ve-
year downward trend, dropping 42.2 percent from
2001 to 2006. This trend was broken in 2007 whenhate crime events increased 9.2 percent from the
previous year.
offEnSES
From 1998 to 2001, reported hate crime offensesincreased 25.8 percent. Hate crime offenses
decreased 25.3 percent from 2001 to 2005 beforeleveling in 2006. Hate crime offenses then increasedin 2007 by 13.5 percent.
ViCtimS
From 1998 to 2001, the reported number of hate
crime victims increased 31.6 percent. This wasfollowed by a 42.7 percent decline in hate crime
victims from 2001-2006. The number of hate crimevictims then increased 9.5 percent in 2007 from the
previous year.
KnoWn SUSPECtS
From 1998 to 2001, the reported number of knownsuspects increased 24.9 percent. The number of
known suspects then declined 39.7 percent from2001 to 2004. This was followed by an 8.8 percentincrease in known suspects from 2004 to 2007.
The trends in hate crime events, offenses, victims, and known suspects followed similar patterns between 1998 and2007. Hate crimes increased from 1998 to their peak in 2001. A steady decrease in hate crimes occurred from 2001
to 2006. However, there was an increase in hate crime events, offenses, and victims in 2007.
HAtE CrimE EVEntS, offEnSES, ViCtimS, AnD KnoWn SUSPECtS
19982007
HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
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1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
VICTIMS
SUSPECTS
EVENTS
OFFENSES
0
TREND DATA 15
Figure 16
HAtE CrimES, 19982007Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Events ................... 1,750 1,962 1,957 2,261 1,659 1,491 1,409 1,397 1,306 1,426
Offenses ................ 1,801 2,001 2,002 2,265 2,009 1,815 1,770 1,691 1,702 1,931
Victims ................... 2,136 2,436 2,352 2,812 2,007 1,815 1,741 1,640 1,611 1,764
Known Suspects .... 1,985 2,021 2,107 2,479 1,963 1,629 1,495 1,589 1,612 1,627
Table N-1EVEntS, offEnSES, ViCtimS, AnD KnoWn SUSPECtS
19982007
TREND DATA
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
RELIGION
SEXUAL
ORIENTATION
RACE/ETHNICITY/
NATIONAL ORIGIN
Table N-2
HAtE CrimES
offEnSES BY BiAS motiVAtion
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Race/Ethnicity/National Origin 1,172 1,200 1,266 1,529 1,272 1,150 1,172 1,137 1,145 1,299
Sexual Orientation. 399 446 413 421 446 399 327 306 317 349
Religion 227 339 306 296 270 243 250 226 227 246
16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Figure 17
BIA S MOTIVATIONReport ed Hat e Cr ime Offense Cate gor ies, 19982007
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TREND DATA
0
200
400
600
800
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
BLACK
WHITE
OTHER RACE/ETHNIC GROUP
HISPANIC
Figure 18
BIA S MOTIVATIONRace/Ethnic i t y /Nat ional Or ig in Hate Cr ime Offenses, 19982007
TREND DATA 17
Table N-3
rACE/EtHniCitY/nAtionAl oriGin HAtE CrimES
oeses by Bas mva
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Anti-White.................................... 153 135 152 128 106 104 69 92 82 103
Anti-Black.................................... 525 612 620 598 580 586 613 607 588 680
Anti-Hispanic............................... 129 164 204 207 203 142 196 188 218 234
Anti-Other Ethnicity/National Origin 77 84 96 428 240 193 126 103 118 136
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
0
100
200
300
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
JEWISH
ISLAMIC
Figure 19
BIA S MOTIVATIONReligi on Hate Crim e Offen se Cat egor ies, 19982007
18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table N-4
rEliGion HAtE CrimES
oeses by Bas mva
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Anti-Jewish........................... 177 281 240 176 194 174 176 157 146 171
Anti-Islamic.......................... 4 5 3 73 19 19 37 13 14 14
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TREND DATA
0
100
200
300
400
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
ANTI-MALE HOMOSEXUAL
ANTI-FEMALE HOMOSEXUAL
ANTI-HOMOSEXUAL
Figure 20
BIA S MOTIVATIONSexual Or ient at ion Hate Cr im e Offenses, 19982007
TREND DATA19
Table N-5
SEXUAl oriEntAtion HAtE CrimES
oeses by Bas mva
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
.Anti-Male Homosexual....................... 317 349 333 345 320 256 231 192 206 159
.Anti-Female Homosexual................... 60 67 45 55 53 58 48 52 29 42
.Anti-Homosexual................................ 21 30 28 19 70 84 46 54 79 143
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
20 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Figure 21
TYPE OF CRIM EReport ed Hat e Cr ime Offenses, 19982007
Note: From 1995 to 2001, a hierarchy rule was used to identify the most serious crime type. For a further explanation, see Appendix 1, DataCharacteristics and Known Limitations.
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
PROPERTY OFFENSES
VIOLENT OFFENSES
TOTAL OFFENSES
Table N-6
HAtE CrimES
oeses by type Ce
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
.Total Offenses.................................... 1801 2,001 2,002 2,265 2,009 1,815 1,770 1,691 1,702 1,931
.Violent Offenses................................. 1232 1,353 1,312 1,662 1,517 1,252 1,135 1,096 1,044 1,252
Property Offenses............................... 569 648 690 603 492 563 635 595 658 679
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TREND DATA
0
300
600
900
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
INTIMIDATION
ROBBERY
SIMPLE ASSAULT
AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
TREND DATA21
Note: From 1995 to 2001, a hierarchy rule was used to identify the most serious crime type. For a further explanation, see Appendix 1, DataCharacteristics and Known Limitations.
Figure 22
VIOLENT CRIMESelec ted Report ed Hat e Cr ime Offenses, 19982007
Table N-7
ViolEnt HAtE CrimES
oeses by type Ce
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Intimidation.................................... 557 613 556 822 687 529 469 443 317 471
Simple Assault.................................... 385 427 374 524 478 477 360 298 310 320
.Aggravated Assault............................ 246 238 321 250 272 179 246 317 376 386
Robbery............................... 41 71 55 63 75 61 60 36 39 73
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
Figure 23
PROPERTY CRIMESelec ted Report ed Hat e Cr ime Offenses, 19982007
22 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Note: From 1995 to 2001, a hierarchy rule was used to identify the most serious crime type. For a further explanation, see Appendix 1, DataCharacteristics and Known Limitations.
0
200
400
600
800
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
DESTRUCTION/VANDALISM
BURGLARYARSON
Table N-8
ProPErtY HAtE CrimES
oeses by type Ce
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Destruction/Vandalism........................ 535 610 631 548 451 530 593 553 613 615
Burglary.................................... 15 16 34 38 33 25 27 27 24 47
Arson............................... 10 11 10 10 4 5 11 7 12 6
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TREND DATA
0
200
400
600
800
2007200620052004200320022001200019991998
YEAR
NUMBER
SCHOOLPARKING LOT
CHURCH
RESIDENCE
HIGHWAY
Figure 24
LOCATI ON OF CRIMESelec ted Report ed Hat e Cr ime Offenses, 19982007
TREND DATA23
Table N-9
HAtE CrimES
oeses by lca
1998-2007
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Residence 569 614 733 711 583 570 551 511 504 571
Highway 458 533 484 600 654 543 536 456 545 569
School. 148 184 206 189 175 150 155 176 152 182
Church 77 94 82 92 75 66 74 84 84 72
Parking Lot. 110 121 101 131 79 107 86 138 135 117
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DATA
TABLES
HAtECrimE
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 1HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by Bias Motivation
Bias motivationEvents Offenses Victims Known suspects
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
ta......................................................... 1,426 100.0 1,931 100.0 1,764 100.0 1,627 100.0
race/ehcy/aa g 932 65.4 1,299 67.3 1,188 67.3 1,120 68.8
Anti-white........................................... 73 5.1 103 5.3 96 5.4 99 6.1
Anti-black........................................... 498 34.9 680 35.2 616 34.9 593 36.4
Anti-Hispanic......................... 160 11.2 234 12.1 215 12.2 246 15.1
Anti-American Indian/
Alaskan native.................................. 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1
Anti-Asian/Pacific Islander................. 53 3.7 74 3.8 65 3.7 64 3.9
Anti-multiple races, group..... 51 3.6 71 3.7 69 3.9 31 1.9
Anti-other ethnicity/
national origin 96 6.7 136 7.0 126 7.1 86 5.3
reg................................... 203 14.2 246 12.7 229 13.0 72 4.4Anti-Jewish......................................... 134 9.4 171 8.9 156 8.8 47 2.9
Anti-Catholic....................................... 10 0.7 11 0.6 10 0.6 5 0.3
Anti-Protestant................................... 11 0.8 12 0.6 12 0.7 2 0.1
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)............. 13 0.9 14 0.7 13 0.7 9 0.6
Anti-other religion............................... 24 1.7 25 1.3 25 1.4 8 0.5
Anti-multiple religious, group. 9 0.6 9 0.5 9 0.5 1 0.1
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/etc............. 2 0.1 4 0.2 4 0.2 0 0.0
Sexua ea.................. 263 18.4 349 18.1 314 17.8 385 23.7
Anti-male homosexual (gay). 132 9.3 159 8.2 147 8.3 203 12.5
Anti-female homosexual..... 26 1.8 42 2.2 34 1.9 33 2.0
Anti-homosexual............................. 101 7.1 143 7.4 128 7.3 140 8.6
Anti-heterosexual.. 2 0.1 3 0.2 3 0.2 3 0.2
Anti-bisexual..................................... 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 6 0.4
Physca/ea dsaby...... 3 0.2 3 0.2 3 0.2 4 0.2
Anti-physical disability.......... 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 3 0.2
Anti-mental disability............. 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1
Gede 25 1.8 34 1.8 30 1.7 46 2.8
Anti-male 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-female 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 1 0.1
Anti-transgender 23 1.6 32 1.7 28 1.6 45 2.8
Notes: Percentages may not add to subtotals or 100.0 because of rounding.
An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects/perpetrators.
A victim can have more than one offense committed against them.
The term 'known suspect' does not imply that the identity of the suspect is known.
For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term, please refer to the glossary.
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 27
Table 2HAtE CrimES, 2007
Offenses by Type of Crime
OffensesType of crime
Number Percentta 1,931 100.0
ta Ve ces 1,252 64.8
Murder 2 0.1
Forcible rape 0 0.0
Robbery 73 3.8
Aggravated assault 386 20.0
Simple assault 320 16.6
Intimidation 471 24.4
ta Ppey ces 679 35.2
Burglary 47 2.4
Larceny-theft 4 0.2
Motor vehicle theft 7 0.4
Arson 6 0.3
Destruction/vandalism 615 31.8
Notes: One suspect can commit more than one crime.
One victim can have more than one offense committed against him/her.
An event indicates the occurrence of one or more offenses.
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 3HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by Location
LocationEvents Offenses Victims Known suspects
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percentta.......................................... 1,426 100.0 1,931 100.0 1,764 100.0 1,627 100.0
Air/bus/train terminal............ 15 1.1 16 0.8 15 0.9 24 1.5
Bank/savings and loan................... 2 0.1 3 0.2 2 0.1 2 0.1
Bar/night club....................... 23 1.6 41 2.1 35 2.0 38 2.3
Church/synagogue/temple.... 69 4.8 72 3.7 69 3.9 20 1.2
Commercial/office building.... 35 2.5 38 2.0 36 2.0 18 1.1
Construction site.................. 3 0.2 3 0.2 3 0.2 2 0.1
Convenience store............... 5 0.4 7 0.4 6 0.3 11 0.7
Department/discount store... 9 0.6 10 0.5 9 0.5 11 0.7
Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital 4 0.3 5 0.3 5 0.3 2 0.1
Field/woods/park.................. 46 3.2 83 4.3 79 4.5 83 5.1
Government/public building............ 28 2.0 29 1.5 28 1.6 10 0.6
Grocery/supermarket........... 14 1.0 18 0.9 17 1.0 14 0.9Highway/road/alley/street..... 405 28.4 569 29.5 532 30.2 699 43.0
Hotel/motel/etc..................... 9 0.6 10 0.5 9 0.5 20 1.2
Jail/prison............................. 17 1.2 33 1.7 28 1.6 56 3.4
Lake/waterway/beach.......... 9 0.6 11 0.6 11 0.6 14 0.9
Liquor store.................................... 8 0.6 11 0.6 10 0.6 13 0.8
Parking lot/garage................ 97 6.8 117 6.1 110 6.2 114 7.0
Rental storage facility........... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Residence/home/driveway... 406 28.5 571 29.6 508 28.8 279 17.1
Restaurant........................... 31 2.2 48 2.5 40 2.3 37 2.3
School/college..................... 150 10.5 182 9.4 165 9.4 122 7.5
Service/gas station.............. 12 0.8 13 0.7 13 0.7 14 0.9
Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.) 9 0.6 13 0.7 10 0.6 7 0.4
Other/unknown...................... 20 1.4 28 1.5 24 1.4 17 1.0
Notes: Percentages may not add to 100.0 because of rounding.
An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects/perpetrators.
A victim can have more than one offense committed against them.
The term "known suspect" does not imply that the identity of the suspect is known.
For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term, please refer to the glossary.
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 29
Table 4HAtE CrimES, 2007
Victim Type by Bias Motivation
Bias motivation Total1 Individual
Business/
financial
institution2 Government2Religious
organization2 Other2
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
ta....................................... 1,764 100.0 1,584 100.0 44 100.0 78 100.0 45 100.0 13 100.0
race/ehcy/aa g 1,188 67.3 1,085 68.5 28 63.6 63 80.8 8 17.8 4 30.8
Anti-white......................... 96 5.4 91 5.7 3 6.8 2 2.6 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-black........................ 616 34.9 558 35.2 9 20.5 42 53.8 6 13.3 1 7.7
Anti-Hispanic.............................. 215 12.2 208 13.1 6 13.6 1 1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-American Indian/
Alaskan native................ 1 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-Asian/Pacific Islander 65 3.7 60 3.8 1 2.3 2 2.6 2 4.4 0 0.0
Anti-multiple races, group.. 69 3.9 50 3.2 5 11.4 11 14.1 0 0.0 3 23.1
Anti-other ethnicity/
national origin.... 126 7.1 117 7.4 4 9.1 5 6.4 0 0.0 0 0.0
reg............................... 229 13.0 161 10.2 11 25.0 12 15.4 37 82.2 8 61.5
Anti-Jewish................................ 156 8.8 125 7.9 9 20.5 11 14.1 6 13.3 5 38.5
Anti-Catholic.............................. 10 0.6 4 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 5 11.1 1 7.7
Anti-Protestant........................... 12 0.7 4 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 8 17.8 0 0.0
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)....... 13 0.7 12 0.8 1 2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-other religion............. 25 1.4 11 0.7 1 2.3 0 0.0 12 26.7 1 7.7
Anti-multiple religious, group. 9 0.5 2 0.1 0 0.0 1 1.3 5 11.1 1 7.7
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/etc 4 0.2 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 2.2 0 0.0
Sexua ea............. 314 17.8 306 19.3 5 11.4 3 3.8 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-male homosexual (gay). 147 8.3 144 9.1 3 6.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-female homosexual... 34 1.9 33 2.1 0 0.0 1 1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-homosexual................ 128 7.3 124 7.8 2 4.5 2 2.6 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-heterosexual.......... 3 0.2 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-bisexual................. 2 0.1 2 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Physca/ea dsaby.... 3 0.2 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-physical disability....... 2 0.1 2 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-mental disability........... 1 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Gede 30 1.7 29 1.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 7.7
Anti-male.......... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-female........... 2 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 7.7
Anti-transgender.......... 28 1.6 28 1.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Note: Percentages may not add to subtotals or 100.0 because of rounding.
Numbers represent total number of victims (i.e., entities and individuals), not the number of hate crime events.2Numbers represent acts directed at entities other than individuals.
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
30 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 5HAtE CrimES, 2007
Victim Type by Location
Location Total1 Individual
Business/
financial
institution2 Government2Religious
organization2 Other2
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
ta.................................... 1,764 100.0 1,584 100.0 44 100.0 78 100.0 45 100.0 13 100.0
Air/bus/train terminal......... 15 0.9 15 0.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Bank/savings and loan................ 2 0.1 2 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Bar/night club.................... 35 2.0 33 2.1 2 4.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Church/synagogue/temple 69 3.9 23 1.5 3 6.8 0 0.0 40 88.9 3 23.1
Commercial/office building 36 2.0 27 1.7 9 20.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Construction site............... 3 0.2 2 0.1 1 2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Convenience store............ 6 0.3 6 0.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Department/discount store 9 0.5 7 0.4 2 4.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital 5 0.3 3 0.2 2 4.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Field/woods/park......................... 79 4.5 74 4.7 0 0.0 4 5.1 0 0.0 1 7.7
Government/public building 28 1.6 14 0.9 1 2.3 13 16.7 0 0.0 0 0.0Grocery/supermarket.................. 17 1.0 15 0.9 2 4.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Highway/road/alley/street.. 532 30.2 528 33.3 0 0.0 3 3.8 0 0.0 1 7.7
Hotel/motel/etc.................. 9 0.5 8 0.5 1 2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Jail/prison.......................... 28 1.6 28 1.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Lake/waterway/beach....... 11 0.6 11 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Liquor store....................... 10 0.6 10 0.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Parking lot/garage............. 110 6.2 107 6.8 2 4.5 0 0.0 1 2.2 0 0.0
Rental storage facility........ 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Residence/home/driveway 508 28.8 500 31.6 5 11.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 23.1
Restaurant........................ 40 2.3 38 2.4 2 4.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
School/college.................. 165 9.4 96 6.1 4 9.1 58 74.4 4 8.9 3 23.1
Service/gas station........... 13 0.7 12 0.8 1 2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.) 10 0.6 8 0.5 2 4.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Other/unknown................... 24 1.4 17 1.1 5 11.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 15.4
Note: Percentages may not add to 100.0 because of rounding.1Numbers represent total number of victims (i.e., entities and individuals), not the number of hate crime events.
Numbers represent acts directed at entities other than individuals.
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 31
Table 6
HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County
and
jurisdiction* Events Offenses Victims
Known
suspectsta 1,426 1,931 1,764 1,627
Aaeda Cuy 43 55 53 30
Alameda 1 1 1 0
Berkeley 3 3 3 2
Dublin. 1 1 1 0
Fremont...... 4 8 8 2
Livermore 2 3 2 0
Oakland...................... 15 18 18 11
Pleasanton................. 1 2 2 0
San Leandro.... 6 7 7 5
Union City.... 7 8 7 10
UC Berkeley.... 3 4 4 0
Ape Cuy..... 0 0 0 0
Aad Cuy............... 4 8 8 6
Sheriff's Dept.... 4 8 8 6
Bue Cuy 6 14 14 12
Chico... 5 13 13 9
Paradise... 1 1 1 3
Caaveas Cuy. 3 5 5 3
Sheriff's Dept... 1 3 3 3
Angels Camp... 2 2 2 0
Cusa Cuy... 1 1 1 3
Sheriff's Dept... 1 1 1 3
Ca Csa Cuy. 36 66 54 21
Sheriff's Dept. 1 1 1 5
Antioch. 3 6 6 6
Brentwood. 2 13 7 0
Clayton 1 1 1 0
Concord 7 9 9 3
Danville. 1 1 1 0
Hercules 1 1 1 0
Lafayette 1 1 1 0Oakley. 2 2 2 0
Pinole.. 2 3 3 0
Pleasant Hill 2 2 2 1
Richmond 5 15 9 3
San Pablo 1 1 1 0
Walnut Creek 4 7 7 2
San Ramon 2 2 2 0
East Bay Regional Park 1 1 1 1
De ne Cuy. 0 0 0 0
E Dad Cuy.... 4 5 4 8
Placerville.. 3 4 3 6
South Lake Tahoe.... 1 1 1 2
fes Cuy. 19 35 27 19
Clovis.. 7 8 7 10
Fresno....... 9 24 17 7
Parlier 1 1 1 0CSU Fresno 1 1 1 1
Fresno Community College 1 1 1 1
Ge Cuy.... 2 3 3 2
Sheriff's Dept. 2 3 3 2
Hubd Cuy.. 4 9 6 8
Arcata 1 6 3 1
Eureka 1 1 1 3
CSU Humboldt 2 2 2 4
ipea Cuy.... 2 2 2 5
Sheriff's Dept. 1 1 1 1
Calexico 1 1 1 4
(continued)
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 6 - continued
HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County
and
jurisdiction* Events Offenses Victims
Known
suspectsiy Cuy.... 2 2 2 2
Sheriff's Dept 1 1 1 1
Bishop 1 1 1 1
Ke Cuy. 14 20 16 18
Sheriff's Dept. 7 11 8 13
Bakersfield................. 4 5 5 4
Ridgecrest.. 1 2 1 0
Taft.. 1 1 1 1
CSU Bakersfield.. 1 1 1 0
Kgs Cuy..... 1 2 2 2
Lemoore.. 1 2 2 2
lake Cuy... 7 8 7 9
Sheriff's Dept. 4 5 4 7
Clearlake. 3 3 3 2
lasse Cuy 1 3 1 2
Sheriff's Dept. 1 3 1 2
ls Agees Cuy. 564 700 682 703
Sheriff's Dept1 152 183 178 184
Unincorporated2...... 58 73 72 92
Agoura Hills3.... 3 3 3 0
Carson3.... 1 1 1 0
Calabasas3.......... 2 2 2 2
Cerritos3...... 1 1 1 0
Compton3..... 8 11 11 10
Diamond Bar3...... 4 4 4 1
Duarte3..... 4 4 4 1
Hawaiian Gardens3 3 4 3 5
La Canada Flintridge3. 4 4 4 0
La Mirada3..... 2 4 2 5
La Puente3. 1 1 1 1
Lakewood3... 4 4 4 2
Lancaster3.... 14 17 17 23Lomita3... 1 2 2 3
Lynwood3..... 1 1 1 0
Mailbu3..... 1 1 1 0
Norwalk3... 6 6 6 4
Palmdale3......... 11 12 12 8
Paramount3.... 1 1 1 2
Pico Rivera3.... 1 1 1 0
Rolling Hills Estates3.. 1 1 1 0
Rosemead3............. 3 5 5 2
San Dimas3............. 3 3 3 1
Santa Clarita3.......... 1 1 1 0
Temple City3.... 1 1 1 2
Walnut3..... 1 1 1 2
West Hollywood3. 11 14 13 18
Azusa 1 1 1 1
Beverly Hills 5 9 9 1
Burbank 8 17 17 9
Claremont 2 4 4 0
Covina 2 2 2 2
Downey. 4 4 4 1
El Monte.. 11 13 13 31
El Segundo 1 2 1 1
Gardena 1 3 2 4
Glendale 8 8 8 5
Glendora... 1 1 1 2
Hawthorne... 3 3 3 4
Huntington Park. 2 2 2 2
Inglewood... 1 2 2 2
La Verne... 1 1 1 1
(continued)
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 33
Table 6 - continued
HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County
and
jurisdiction* Events Offenses Victims
Known
suspectsLong Beach. 13 18 17 23
Los Angeles.. 286 344 339 345
Manhattan Beach 4 4 4 3
Monterey Park.. 1 1 1 0
Pasadena.. 17 25 24 23
Pomona.................. 5 8 8 6
Redondo Beach...... 5 6 6 5
San Gabriel............ 2 2 2 4
Santa Fe Springs4.. 1 3 3 3
Santa Monica......... 1 4 2 3
Signal Hill..... 2 2 2 6
South Gate..... 2 2 2 5
Torrance..... 3 4 4 1
West Covina.... 5 8 6 3
Whittier..... 3 3 3 5
CSU Dominguez Hills... 1 1 1 3
CSU Northridge... 3 3 3 2LA Transit Service... 6 6 6 9
UC Los Angeles... 1 1 1 4
madea Cuy..... 0 0 0 0
ma Cuy..... 7 13 8 2
Sheriff's Dept... 2 2 2 1
Novato..... 4 5 4 1
San Rafael.. 1 6 2 0
mapsa Cuy.... 0 0 0 0
medc Cuy.... 15 17 15 1
Sheriff's Dept.. 1 3 1 1
Fort Bragg 14 14 14 0
meced Cuy.... 3 4 4 3
Sheriff's Dept.... 1 1 1 0
Atwater.... 2 3 3 3
mdc Cuy... 0 0 0 0
m Cuy.... 0 0 0 0
meey Cuy... 11 13 12 12
Gonzales 1 1 1 2
Monterey 1 1 1 1
Salinas 2 3 2 2
Seaside 1 2 2 4
Soledad 2 2 2 1
Marina 3 3 3 2
CSU Monterey Bay 1 1 1 0
napa Cuy... 2 2 2 0
Napa. 2 2 2 0
nevada Cuy... 1 1 1 2
Grass Valley 1 1 1 2
oage Cuy 70 98 82 78
Sheriff's Dept... 5 15 9 13
Aliso Viejo5. 1 1 1 0
Anaheim.. 4 6 5 7
Brea 1 1 1 1
Buena Park... 1 2 1 2
Cypress. 2 4 4 4
Dana Point5 1 1 1 1
Fountain Valley. 2 2 2 0
Fullerton... 2 2 2 2
Garden Grove. 9 14 10 9
Huntington Beach. 9 10 10 8
Irvine. 2 2 2 0
La Habra... 3 4 4 5
Laguna Hills5 1 1 1 0
(continued)
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
34 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 6 - continued
HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County
and
jurisdiction* Events Offenses Victims
Known
suspectsLos Alamitos 5 7 6 6
Newport Beach 7 7 7 9
Orange 4 4 4 1
Rancho Santa Margarita5 1 1 1 1
San Clemente5 2 2 2 1
San Juan Capistrano5 2 4 2 0
Stanton5 3 4 3 4
Tustin 1 2 2 2
Yorba Linda 1 1 1 0
CSU Fullerton 1 1 1 2
Pace Cuy.. 2 2 2 6
Rocklin.. 1 1 1 1
Roseville.. 1 1 1 5
Puas Cuy.... 0 0 0 0
rvesde Cuy.... 87 150 114 109
Sheriff's Dept.. 16 34 22 13
Corona.. 1 1 1 3
Desert Hot Springs 2 5 5 24
Hemet 8 11 11 8
La Quinta6. 2 5 3 1
Lake Elsinore6. 3 6 4 2
Moreno Valley6. 5 8 5 1
Murrieta. 1 1 1 2
Palm Dessert6 4 9 6 4
Palm Springs.. 11 13 13 16
Perris6... 2 7 4 3
Rancho Mirage6.. 1 4 2 0
Riverside 20 30 25 24
San Jacinto6... 3 5 3 6
Temecula6 6 9 7 2
UC Riverside 2 2 2 0
Sacae Cuy............ 52 73 68 48
Sheriff's Dept. 18 24 24 19Citrus Heights 3 6 4 0
Elk Grove.... 3 4 3 4
Folsom.... 1 1 1 0
Galt.. 4 13 11 9
Sacramento.. 20 22 22 14
CSU Sacramento.. 2 2 2 1
Gold Fields Parks and Rec. 1 1 1 1
Sa Be Cuy.. 0 0 0 0
Sa Bead Cuy 21 26 23 18
Chino. 4 4 4 4
Hesperia7 2 5 3 1
Montclair.... 1 1 1 0
Ontario 2 3 3 1
Redlands 1 1 1 0
Rialto 2 2 2 6
San Bernardino 4 5 4 3
Upland.. 3 3 3 1
CSU San Bernardino 1 1 1 1
San Bernardino CHP 1 1 1 1
Sa Deg Cuy... 119 167 149 173
Sheriff's Dept.... 23 43 33 39
Encinitas8 1 2 1 0
Del Mar8. 1 1 1 1
Lemon Grove8. 1 2 2 1
Poway8 2 2 2 3
San Marcos8 2 4 4 0
Santee8 3 7 5 3
Solana Beach8 1 2 1 3
Vista8. 3 7 5 5
(continued)
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 35
Table 6 - continued
HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County
and
jurisdiction* Events Offenses Victims
Known
suspectsChula Vista 2 4 2 2
Coronado 1 1 1 0
El Cajon 1 1 1 1
Escondido 2 2 2 2
La Mesa 1 1 1 1
National City 2 2 2 3
Oceanside.. 20 21 21 19
San Diego.. 53 65 65 90
Sa facsc Cuy 80 101 98 87
San Francisco 75 96 93 84
CSU San Francisco 5 5 5 3
Sa Jaqu Cuy 14 17 16 4
Lodi 2 3 3 3
Manteca 2 2 2 1
Stockton. 10 12 11 0
Sa lus obsp Cuy 14 17 16 11
Sheriff's Dept. 1 1 1 0Atascadero 1 1 1 0
Paso Robles 2 2 2 2
San Luis Obispo. 10 13 12 9
Sa mae Cuy. 23 37 31 23
Belmont 3 5 4 1
Daly City 2 2 2 3
Menlo Park 2 2 2 4
Millbrae 1 2 1 2
Pacifica 6 12 8 6
Redwood City 2 3 3 2
San Bruno 2 3 3 2
San Mateo 4 7 7 2
South San Francisco 1 1 1 1
Saa Babaa Cuy. 1 1 1 2
Santa Barbara 1 1 1 2
Saa Caa Cuy. 47 63 59 44
Sheriff's Dept. 2 4 4 2
Campbell.. 1 1 1 0
Gilroy 1 3 1 0
Los Gatos 2 2 2 0
Milpitas 2 3 3 3
Mountain View 1 1 1 1
Palo Alto 3 3 3 0
San Jose 34 45 43 38
Sunnyvale. 1 1 1 0
Saa Cuz Cuy. 28 33 28 23
Sheriff's Dept.. 4 4 4 2
Santa Cruz. 11 15 11 16
Scotts Valley.... 3 4 3 3
Watsonville.... 1 1 1 2
UC Santa Cruz.... 9 9 9 0
Shasa Cuy.. 18 25 25 29
Sheriff's Dept.. 1 1 1 1Redding.. 17 24 24 28
Sea Cuy.. 0 0 0 0
Sskyu Cuy... 0 0 0 0
Sa Cuy.... 8 9 9 5
Benicia.. 1 1 1 2
Vacaville.. 5 6 6 3
Solano Community College. 2 2 2 0
Sa Cuy. 14 30 26 13
Sheriff's Dept. 2 2 2 1
Petaluma 3 18 14 3
Rohnert Park.. 2 2 2 0
Santa Rosa. 5 6 6 5
(continued)
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
36 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 6 - continued
HAtE CrimES, 2007
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Known Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County
and
jurisdiction* Events Offenses Victims
Known
suspects
Sebastopol 1 1 1 4
Sonoma Community College 1 1 1 0
Sasaus Cuy....... 18 21 20 18
Sheriff's Dept... 3 3 3 10
Ceres 2 2 2 3
Modesto.. 10 12 12 0
Oakdale 1 1 1 2
Turlock. 2 3 2 3
Sue Cuy... 8 14 10 12
Yuba City.. 8 14 10 12
tehaa Cuy.. 1 1 1 3
Red Bluff. 1 1 1 3
ty Cuy.. 0 0 0 0
tuae Cuy.. 2 3 3 4
Visalia.......... 2 3 3 4
tuue Cuy........ 2 2 2 3
Sheriff's Dept.. 1 1 1 3
Sonora.. 1 1 1 0
Veua Cuy.... 21 23 22 15
Sheriff's Dept.. 2 2 2 0
Camarillo9........ 3 4 4 3
Fillmore9. 2 2 2 1
Moorpark9........ 2 3 2 1
Oxnard. 3 3 3 3
Thousand Oaks9.. 6 6 6 3
Ventura... 3 3 3 4
Y Cuy.. 20 26 26 21
Davis.... 11 16 16 11
West Sacramento...... 2 2 2 1
Woodland.. 3 4 4 5
UC Davis.. 4 4 4 4
Yuba Cuy. 4 4 4 5
Sheriff's Dept.. 3 3 3 4
Marysville 1 1 1 1
*Only those jurisdictions which reported a hate crime are listed in this table.1Includes unincorporated and contracts.2"Unincorporated" patrolled by Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department.
3Contracts with Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department.4Contracts with Whittier Police Department.
5Contracts with Orange County Sheriff's Department.6Contracts with Riverside County Sheriff's Department.
7Contracts with San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department.8Contracts with San Diego County Sheriff's Department.9Contracts with Ventura County Sheriff's Department.
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 37
Table 7A
SUmmArY of CASES rEfErrED
BY lAW EnforCEmEnt AGEnCiES AnD tYPE of filinGS
For the Period January 1 Through December 31, 2007
Total Total Cases Total Cases
Agency Hate Crime Filed as Filed as Non-Bias
Cases Referred Hate Crimes Motivated Crimes
ta................................ 443 330 57
County District Attorneys 396 304 53
City Attorneys 47 26 4
Note: Please see Data Table 8 for details.
Table 7BSUmmArY of HAtE CrimE CASE DiSPoSitionS
For the Period January 1 Through December 31, 2007
AgencyTotal
dispositions
Not
convicted
Convictions
Total
convictions
Hate crime convictions
All other
convictionsTotal
Guilty plea/
Nolo contendere
Trial
verdict
ta.............................................. 241 28 213 110 85 25 103
County District Attorneys. 219 27 192 106 81 25 86
City Attorneys. 22 1 21 4 4 0 17
Note: Please see Data Table 9 for details.
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
38 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
Table 8CASES rEfErrED BY lAW EnforCEmEnt AGEnCiES
AnD tYPE of filinGSAS rEPortED BY
CoUntY DiStriCt AttornEYS AnD CitY AttornEYSFor the Period January 1 Through December 31, 2007
AgencyTotal hate crime
cases referred
Total cases filed
as hate crimes
Total cases filed as
non-bias motivated
crimes
ta.............................................. 443 330 57
Cuy Dsc Aeys 396 304 53
Alameda1,2,4.................................. 4 4 0
Alpine....................................... 0 0 0
Amador........................................ 1 1 0
Butte............................................. 4 0 2
Calaveras.......... 2 2 0
Colusa................. 0 0 0
Contra Costa......................... 1 0 0
Del Norte............................... 2 2 2El Dorado.............................. 2 2 0
Fresno...................................... 3 5 1
Glenn.................................... 1 1 0
Humboldt...................... 2 1 0
Imperial........................ 0 0 0
Inyo.............................. 0 0 0
Kern1,2,4............................ 0 7 0
Kings..................................... 2 0 1
Lake...................................... 0 0 0
Lassen..................... 1 0 0
Los Angeles3,4.............. 179 148 21
Madera................... 2 2 0
Marin..................................... 1 0 1
Mariposa.................... 0 0 0
Mendocino............................ 4 4 0
Merced.................................. 0 0 0
Modoc.......................... 0 0 0
Mono............................ 1 0 0
Monterey...................... 5 5 0
Napa..................................... 1 1 0
Nevada..................................... 1 0 0
Orange..................................... 22 17 2
Placer........................... 1 0 0
Plumas........................ 0 0 0
Riverside..................... 33 10 13
Sacramento............. 9 7 0
San Benito................................ 0 0 0
(continued)
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 39
Table 8 - continuedCASES rEfErrED BY lAW EnforCEmEnt AGEnCiES
AnD tYPE of filinGSAS rEPortED BY
CoUntY DiStriCt AttornEYS AnD CitY AttornEYSFor the Period January 1 Through December 31, 2007
AgencyTotal hate crime
cases referred
Total cases filed
as hate crimes
Total cases filed as
non-bias motivated
crimesSan Bernardino..................... 10 10 0
San Diego................... 15 14 0
San Francisco............. 7 7 2
San Joaquin............................. 4 4 0
San Luis Obispo........... 7 5 1
San Mateo................... 5 4 0
Santa Barbara....................... 2 1 0
Santa Clara........................... 20 9 2
Santa Cruz............................... 7 3 1
Shasta.......................... 8 5 1
Sierra....................... 0 0 0
Siskiyou............................. 0 0 0
Solano....................... 0 0 0
Sonoma........................ 2 0 0
Stanislaus.................. 1 3 0
Sutter 2 2 0
Tehama 0 0 0
Trinity 0 0 0
Tulare 1 1 0
Tuolumne 0 0 0
Ventura 14 11 2
Yolo. 5 5 0
Yuba 2 1 1
Cy Aeys 47 26 4
Anaheim 2 1 1
Burbank 0 0 0
Inglewood 0 0 0
Long Beach 2 2 0
Los Angeles... 32 16 3
Pasadena 0 0 0
San Diego 9 5 0
Torrance 2 2 0
Notes: Zero indicates that no case information was reported in this reporting category.
The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and city attorneys or the number of cases
that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law
enforcement agencies.1Does not track hate crime cases referred to their offices.2Tracks only total number of hate crimes filed by their office.3Does not track cases referred to their branch offices; tracks total number of hate crimes filed by the Hate
Crime Unit and branch offices.4The counts for these agencies in the "cases referred" category are determined by adding the total number
of cases filed by each agency plus the number of cases rejected by each agency. These counts
represent the miminum cases that would have had to be received in each agency in order to file or reject
the number of cases reported in these two reporting categories.
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HATE CRIME IN CALI FORNIA , 2007
40 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
a e 9HAtE CrimE CASE DiSPoSitionS
AS rEPortED BYCoUntY DiStriCt AttornEYS AnD CitY AttornEYS
For the Period January 1 Through December 31, 2007
AgencyTotal
dispositions
Not
convicted
Convictions
Total
convictions
Hate crime convictionsAll other
convictionsTotalGuilty plea/
nolo contendere
Trial
verdict
ta.............................................. 241 28 213 110 85 25 103
Cuy Dsc Aeys 219 27 192 106 81 25 86
Alameda..................................... 6 3 3 0 0 0 3
Alpine......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Amador...................................... 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Butte.......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Calaveras................................... 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
Colusa........................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Contra Costa.............................. 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Del Norte.................................... 3 0 3 1 1 0 2
El Dorado................................... 3 1 2 1 1 0 1Fresno........................................ 3 0 3 0 0 0 3
Glenn......................................... 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Humboldt................................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Imperial...................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inyo............................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kern........................................... 5 1 4 0 0 0 4
Kings.............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lake........................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lassen....................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Los Angeles............................... 87 16 71 48 23 25 23
Madera....................................... 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Marin.......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mariposa.................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mendocino................................. 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Merced....................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Modoc........................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mono.......................................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Monterey.................................... 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
Napa.......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nevada...................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Orange....................................... 17 1 16 12 12 0 4
Placer......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Plumas....................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Riverside.................................... 8 0 8 1 1 0 7
Sacramento............................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
San Benito................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
San Bernardino.......................... 9 0 9 2 2 0 7
San Diego.................................. 14 0 14 8 8 0 6
San Francisco............................ 7 1 6 3 3 0 3
San Joaquin............................... 2 0 2 1 1 0 1San Luis Obispo........................ 3 2 1 1 1 0 0
San Mateo................................. 4 1 3 1 1 0 2
Santa Barbara............................ 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Santa Clara................................ 7 0 7 6 6 0 1
Santa Cruz................................. 4 0 4 0 0 0 4
Shasta........................................ 7 0 7 6 6 0 1
Sierra......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siskiyou.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Solano........................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sonoma..................................... 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Stanislaus.................................. 3 1 2 0 0 0 2
(continued)
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DATA TABLES
DATA TABLES 41
Table 9 - continuedHAtE CrimE CASE DiSPoSition
AS rEPortED BYCoUntY DiStriCt AttornEYS AnD CitY AttornEYS
For the Period January 1 Through December 31, 2007
AgencyTotal
dispositions
Not
convicted
Convictions
Total
convictions
Hate crime convictionsAll other
convictionsTotalGuilty plea/
nolo contendere
Trial
verdict
Sutter........................................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Tehama....................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trinity.......................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tulare.......................................... 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Tuolumne.................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ventura........................................ 6 0 6 6 6 0 0
Yolo............................................. 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Yuba............................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cy Aeys. 22 1 21 4 4 0 17
Anaheim...................................... 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
Burbank......................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inglewood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Long Beach................................. 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
Los Angeles................................ 13 1 12 3 3 0 9
Pasadena. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
San Diego................................... 3 0 3 1 1 0 2
Torrance...................................... 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
Notes: Zero indicates that no case information was reported in this reporting categoryThe number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and city attorneys or the number of cases thatresulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies.See Criminal Justice Glossary for definition of terms.
Table 10HAtE CrimE CASES, 1998-2007
ComPlAintS filED AnD totAl ConViCtionS AS rEPortED BY
CoUntY DiStriCt AttornEYSAnD CitY AttornEYS
Type of 1998 1999 2000 2001prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total
attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions
ta.......................... 244 174 372 229 360 275 314 207
County District Attorneys 226 158 341 206 341 262 290 187
City Attorneys 18 16 31 23 19 13 24 20
Type of 2002 2003 2004 2005
prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total
attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions
ta.......................... 351 253 304 197 277 242 330 238
County District Attorneys 333 236 293 188 263 229 315 227
City Attorneys 18 17 11 9 14 13 15 11
Type of 2006 2007
prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total
attorney filed convictions filed convictions
ta.......................... 272 218 330 213
County District Attorneys 262 214 304 192
City Attorneys 10 4 26 21
Notes: The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and city attorneys or the number of cases that
resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies.
See Criminal Justice Glossary for definition of terms.
In 2006, adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data; therefore, counts do not match previously published data.
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44
Table 13
HAtE CrimES, 1998-2007Offenses by Type of Crime
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Type of crime
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Perce
ta............................ 1,801 100.0 2,001 100.0 2,002 100.0 2,265 100.0 2,009 100.0 1,815 100.0 1,770 100.0 1,691 100.
Ve ces
Murder........................
Forcible rape...............
Robbery......................
Aggravated assault.....
Simple assault............
Intimidation.................
1,232
2
1
41
246
385
557
68.4 1,353
0.1 3
0.1 1
2.3 71
13.7 238
21.4 427
30.9 613
67.6 1,312
0.1 5
0.0 1
3.5 55
11.9 321
21.3 374
30.6 556
65.5 1,662
0.2 2
0.0 1
2.7 63
16.0 250
18.7 524
27.8 822
73.4 1,517
0.1 4
0.0 1
2.8 75
11.0 272
23.1 478
36.3 687
75.5 1,252
0.2 4
0.0 2
3.7 61
13.5 179
23.8 477
34.2 529
69.0 1,135
0.2 0
0.1 0
3.4 60
9.9 246
26.3 360
29.1 469
64.1 1,096
0.0 1
0.0 1
3.4 36
13.9 317
20.3 298
26.5 443
64.
0.
0.
2.
18.
17.
26.
Ppey ces
.Burglary...............................
Larceny-theft........................
.Motor vehicle theft...............
.Arson...................................
Destruction/vandalism..........
Notes: Percentages may not add to su
Dash indicates that percent chFrom 1998 to 2001, a "hierarch
569
15
9
0
10
535
btotals or
anges arey rule" wa
31.6 648
0.8 16
0.5 9
0.0 2
0.6 11
29.7 610
100.0 because of ro
not calculated whens used to count the v
32.4 690
0.8 34
0.4 14
0.1 1
0.5 10
30.5 631
unding.
the base number (19arious types of crime
34.5 603
1.7 38
0.7 7
0.0 0
0.5 10
31.5 548
98) is less than 50, o. For a further expla
26.6 492
1.7 33
0.3 4
0.0 0
0.4 4
24.2 451
nation, see the Data
24.5 563
1.6 25
0.2 3
0.0 0
0.2 5
22.4 530
r than no data were reported.Characteristics and K
31.0 635
1.4 27
0.2 4
0.0 0
0.3 11
29.2 593
nown Limitations Sec
35.9 595
1.5 27
0.2 5
0.0 3
0.6 7
33.5 553
tion in Appendix 1.
35.
1.
0.
0.
0.
32.
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APPENDICES
HAtECrimE
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48 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
CrimE DAtA
Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime reports to the Department ofJustice (DOJ) in compliance with Section 13023 of the California Penal Code. Section 422.55 of the California PenalCode denes a hate crime as a criminal act committed, in whole or in part, because of one or more of the followingactual or perceived characteristics of the victim: (1) Disability, (2) Gender, (3) Nationality, (4) Race or ethnicity, (5)Religion, (6) Sexual orientation, (7) Association with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceivedcharacteristics.
The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate crime data:
1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses, committed against one or morevictims, by one or more suspects/perpetrators. Also, victims can have more than one offense committed against
them.
2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a very specic way. In each hate crime event,the DOJ counts the total number of victims, the total number of known suspects, and the total number of criminaloffenses in one event. These totals are then classied and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black, anti-Hispanic, anti-Jewish, anti-gay, etc.), type of crime (murder, aggravated assault, burglary, destruction/vandalism,etc.), the location where the crime took place (residence, street, synagogue, school, etc.), and the type of victim(individual or property).
3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in September 1994. Law enforcement agenciessubmit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ. Crime reports that were submitted as hate crimes, but laterdetermined to be unfounded, were not included.
4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures incorporating a two-tier review(decision-making) process. The rst level is done by the initial ofcer who responds to the suspected hate crimeincident. At the second level, each report is reviewed by at least one other ofcer to conrm that the event was, in
fact, a hate crime.
5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons. The following factors should be considered: culturaldiversity and population density; size of law enforcement agencies; and the training received in the identicationof hate crimes by law enforcement ofcers in each jurisdiction.
6) The following factors may inuence the volume of hate crimes reported to the DOJ:
Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to law enforcementagencies.
Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies. Policies of law enforcement agencies. Community policing policies.
APPENDIX 1 DATA CHARACTERISTICS AND KN OWN LIMITATIONS
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APPENDICES49
7) From 1995 to 2001, a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of hate crimes (e.g., murder, intimidation,vandalism, etc.). This counting method counted the most serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all
additional offenses in multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count. For example, a crime event thathad two offenses a simple assault and an aggravated assault would be counted as two aggravated assaults.Trend analysis for these years can be done, since the unit of count is consistent.
Starting in 2002, the Department of Justice began counting eachoffense in eachhate crime event, whether they
had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of events). This change in counting was
undertaken to more accurately count each type of criminal offense. Using this new standard of count, comparisons
and trend analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward.
8) A signicant reason for the large disparity between individual victims and victims that are an entity is due to the
Criminal Justice Statistics Centers use of the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting program standards. A property crime
(e.g., a business, religious organization, government institution, etc.) can only be counted as one victim, whereasa crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event.
CoUntY DiStriCt AttornEY AnD CitY AttornEYProSECUtoriAl DAtA
The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting hate crime cases:
1) To show the criminal justice systems response to hate crimes, in March 1995, the Attorney General requested all
district attorneys and city attorneys to submit summary data of complaints led and convictions secured.
2) The 2007 District Attorneys and City Attorneys Report File of Hate Crime Cases contains summary data based oncases referred to each district attorney or city attorney, and lings and convictions which occurred between January
1 through December 31, 2007.
3) When viewing prosecutorial data, the reader is advised that relating the number of hate crimes reported by lawenforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes prosecuted by district attorneys and city attorneys is notpossible. First, crimes often occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions. Second, the
number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling for prosecutorial action, since thelatter requires an arrested defendant who can be prosecuted in a court of law.
4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by bothjuvenile and adult defendants.
5) For prosecutorial agencies that do not track/count the number of cases referred in their ofces for various reasons
(e.g., information system limitations, internal organizational structure, geographical organizations capabilities, etc.),the counts for agencies in the cases referred category are determined by adding the total number of cases led
by each agency plus the number of cases rejected for prosecution by each agency. These counts represent the
minimum cases that would have had to be received in each agency in order to le or reject the number of cases
reported in these two reporting categories.
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AGGrAVAtED ASSAUlt An unlawful attack by one personupon another for the purposes of inicting severe or aggravatedbodily injury. This type of assault usually is accompanied by the
use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or greatbodily harm (FBIs Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] denition).
BiAS A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a groupof persons based on their race, ethnicity, national origin, religion,gender, sexual orientation and/or physical/mental disability.
CASE A case is a set of facts about a crime that is referred to adistrict attorney for ling with a court. The case may charge oneor more persons with the commission of one or more offenses.For this report, the case must contain some element of bias.
ComPlAintS filED Any veried written accusation, led bya district attorney with a criminal court, that charges one or morepersons with the commission of one or more offenses. For thisreport, the case must contain some element of bias.
ConViCtion A judgment based on the verdict of a jury ora judicial ofcer or on a guilty plea or a nolo contendere pleaof the defendant.
DiSPoSition In criminal procedure, the sentencing or othernal settlement of a criminal case.
EtHniC BiAS A preformed negative opinion or attitude towarda group of persons of the same race or national origin who sharecommon or similar traits in language, custom, and tradition, suchas Arabs or Hispanics.
EVEnt An event is an occurrence where a hate crime isinvolved. (In this report, the information about the event is acrime report or source document that meets the criteria for ahate crime.) There may be one or more suspects involved, one
or more victims targeted, and one or more offenses involvedfor each event.
GUiltY PlEA A defendants formal answer in open courtstating that the charge is true and that he or she is guilty of thecrime with which he or she is charged.
KnoWn SUSPECt(S) A suspect can be any person alleged tohave committed a criminal act(s) or attempted criminal act(s) tocause physical injury, emotional suffering, or property damage.The known suspect category contains the number of suspectsthat have been identied and/or alleged to have committed hatecrimes as stated in the crime report. For example, witnessesobserve three suspects eeing the scene of a crime. The wordknown does not necessarily refer to specic identities.
loCAtion The place where the hate crime event occurred.
The location categories follow UCR location specicationsdeveloped by the FBI. Examples are residence, hotel, bar,church, etc.
mUlti-rACiAl A hate crime that involves more than onevictim or suspect, and where the victims or suspects are fromtwo or more different race groups; e.g., African American andwhite or Hispanic and Asian.
nolo ContEnDErE A plea or answer in a criminal action inwhich the accused does not admit guilt but agrees to be subjectto the same punishment as if he or she were guilty.
offEnSES Criminal acts that are recorded as follows: murder,forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, simple assault, intimidation, anddestruction/vandalism as dened in the UCR and the nationalHate Crimes Statistics Report.
PHYSiCAl/mEntAl DiSABilitY BiAS A preformed negativeopinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on physicalor mental impediments/challenges, whether such disabilities arecongenital or acquired by heredity, accident, injury, advancedage, or illness.
ProPErtY CrimES Burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicletheft, arson, and destruction/vandalism are reported as propertycrimes.
rACiAl BiAS A preformed negative opinion or attitude towarda group of persons such as Asians, blacks, or whites, based onphysical characteristics.
rElAtionSHiP BEtWEEn ComPlAintS filED AnDConViCtionS The annual prosecutorial report collectsdata on the total number of hate crime cases led and the totalnumber of hate crime convictions. There is no direct relationshipbetween complaints led and convictions, since a case maybe led in one year and the outcome (trial or pleading) mayoccur in another.
rEliGioUS BiAS A preformed negative opinion or attitudetoward a group of persons based on religious beliefs regardingthe origin and purpose of the universe and the existence ornonexistence of a supreme being. Examples are Catholics,
Jews, Protestants, or Atheists.
SEXUAl-oriEntAtion BiAS A preformed negativeopinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on sexualpreferences and/or attractions toward and responsiveness tomembers of their own or opposite sexes.
SimPlE ASSAUlt An unlawful attack by one person uponanother, which does not involve the use of a rearm, knife,cutting instrument, or other dangerous weapon and in whichthere were not serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIsUCR denition).
triAl VErDiCt The nding or answer of a jury or judgeconcerning a matter submitted to them for their judgment.
ViCtim A victim may be an individual, a business or nancial
institution, a religious organization, government, or other.For example, if a church or synagogue is vandalized and/ordesecrated, the victim would be a religious organization.
ViolEnt CrimES Murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravatedassault, simple assault and intimidation are considered violentcrimes in this report. (Robbery is included in crimes againstproperty in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report.)
50 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA, 2007
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**Available on the Internet.
AnnUAl PUBliCAtionSAnti-Reproductive-Rights Crimes in California**Concealable Firearms Charges in California**Crime in California**Crime in California, Advance Release**Criminal Justice Prole - A Supplement to
Crime in California (statewide and individual
counties)**Hate Crime in California**Homicide in California**Juvenile Justice in California**Preliminary Report, Crime (January
through June, January through September,and January through December)**
foCi AnD forUmSThe California Experience in American
Juvenile Justice: Some HistoricalPerspectives (December 1988)
Controlling Plea Bargaining in California(September 1985)
Coordinating Justice in California: Thereought to be a law about it (December
1988)Crime Control and the Criminal Career
(December 1992)The Development of California Drunk
Driving Legislation (December 1988)Employment and Crime (February 1989)The Impact of Californias Prior Felony
Conviction Law (September 1987)The Origins and Development of Penalties
for Drunk Drivers in California (August1988)
A Policy Role for Focus Groups:Community Corrections (September1991)
The Prevalence and Incidence of ArrestsAmong Adult Males in California (August
1988)The Social Structure of Street Drug
Dealing (December 1988)
oUtlooKSAdult Felony Arrest Dispositions in
California (1982-1984,1986-1989)Crime in Urban and Rural California
(November 1984 and December 1997)**Death in Custody, California (