Recent and future research for the fire safety of hydrogen-fueled vehicles in JARI
Appearance of Hy-SEF
Recent and future research for the fire safety of hydrogen-fueled vehicles in JARI
Appearance of Hy-SEF
Most of recent studies for the hydrogen fuelled vehicles in Japan are closely related to the national projects aiming promotion of commercialization of fuel cell vehicles.The project is mainly organized by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization).JARI plays an important role related to NEDO project. Research and data acquisition activities for safety of hydrogen fuelled vehicle are extensively carried out in JARI.
Focus on hydrogen fire safety in JARI Recent study
◦ Safety assessment of feared items in firefighting Soundness and behavior of the storage system exposed to
discharge water The spread of fire from adjoining vehicles to a HFCV
◦ Validation of the safety standard of a HFCV Development of a burner for localized fire test and validation
Future study◦ Study on accident correspondence of HFCV
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Focus on hydrogen fire safety in JARI Recent study
◦ Safety assessment of feared items in firefighting Soundness and behavior of the storage system exposed
to discharge water The spread of fire from adjoining vehicles to a HFCV
◦ Validation of the safety standard of a HFCV Development of a burner for localized fire test and validation
Future study◦ Study on accident correspondence of HFCV
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In fire fighting activity for the vehicle fire, if water is used to extinguish fire, several fears are considered.◦For example The weakening of the tank by heat shock. The reclosing of TPRD.
We investigate the study to confirm the soundness of the tank in such situation.
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Bonfire testExposure time
① PRD Activated time② 5minitute(Not pressurized)③ 8minitute(Not pressurized)
Burst test
Water
Natural cooling
New tank
Cooling timing: A tank was cooled by water spray After PRD activated.
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The tank cooled by water spray after PRD activated no cooling
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Pres
sure
[MPa
]
Tem
pera
ture
[℃]
Time [sec]
PRD [℃ ]
Pressure[MPa]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Pres
sure
[MPa
]
Tem
pera
ture
[℃]
Time [sec]
PRD[℃]Pressure[MPa]
PRD activated PRD activated
The reclosing of PRD
Emergency vent valve opened
PRD reclosed by water spray.
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 2 4 6 8 10
Burs
t pre
ssur
e[M
Pa]
Fire exposure time [min.]
Spraying water
Unforced cooling
Time of PRD activation
Burst
Burst
Crack in Liner
Screw damage
Screw damage
Bursting pressure of water cooling cases are equal to or greater than that of air cooling cases. It means water cooling does not damage the tank.
This point was conducted on the fire exposure burst test of tank without PRD.
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The experiments clarified The spraying water during activation of the fused
metal type PRD may result in closure of the PRD. But the spraying water is useful for maintaining
the strength of CFRP composite tanks.
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Focus on hydrogen fire safety in JARI Recent study
◦ Safety assessment of feared items in firefighting Soundness and behavior of the storage system exposed
to discharge water The spread of fire from adjoining vehicles to a HFCV
◦ Validation of the safety standard of a HFCV Development of a burner for localized fire test and validation
Future study◦ Study on accident correspondence of HFCV
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September 12,11:40-12:00 Session 2A: Risk Assessment – Safety Paper ID No.153
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Fire test on juxtaposed gasoline vehicle and HFCV
Multiple-HFCV fire test assuming a car carrier
Focus on hydrogen fire safety in JARI Recent study
◦ Safety assessment of feared items in firefighting Soundness and behavior of the storage system exposed
to discharge water The spread of fire from adjoining vehicles to a HFCV
◦ Validation of the safety standard of a HFCV Development of a burner for localized fire test and validation
Future study◦ Study on accident correspondence of HFCV
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Temperature -time profiles for a localized fire test
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3 8
800
Localized Fire Engulfing Fire
Time (minutes)10
Region of localized impact
Regions of localized and engulfing fire
impact
600
Min
imum
tem
pera
ture
(0C
)
250± 50mm
100m
m 25± 10mm
Thermocouple 1650mm max length
TPRD
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560 oC
460 oC
360 oC
260 oC
160oC
Localized fire
Engulfing fire
Propane burner for localized fire test IR image of cyliner surface
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Pre
ssur
e [M
Pa]
Tem
pera
ture
[o C
]
Time [min.]
B1B2B3B4B5Pressure
Extinguish
Flame temperature and pressure
Focus on hydrogen fire safety in JARI Recent study
◦ Safety assessment of feared items in firefighting Soundness and behavior of the storage system exposed
to discharge water The spread of fire from adjoining vehicles to a HFCV
◦ Validation of the safety standard of a HFCV Development of a burner for localized fire test and validation
Future study◦ Study on accident correspondence of HFCV
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Accident
Injured person?
Movement of vehicle(To traffic safety)
Rescue call
Can you rescue?
Rescue
Accidentinvestigation
Movement of vehicle
Rescue call
Rescue
Rescue call
Movement of vehicle(To traffic safety)
No
Yes
No
Yes
※ Rescue third party
Rescue by rescue team
The dismantling of the vehicle
Finish
Hydrogen leak?
Can you stop a leak?
Can you move vehicle ever if you not stop a leak?
Released or filled?
Hydrogen leak?
Can you stop a leak?
Can you dismantle it even if you do not stop a leak?
Hydrogen leak?
Can you save injured person even if you do not stop a
leak?
Can you stop a leak?
Can you save injured person even if you do not stop a leak?
Can you move vehicle ever if you not stop a leak?
Can you move vehicle ever if you not stop a leak?
JAMA-JARI extracted a necessary problem after the collisions and fire of HFCV.
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Did PRD activate? Method to confirm the activation of PRDIs there hydrogen leak?Relationship of the minimum audible pressure and flow rate for hydrogen leakage
Can you stop leak?Study of the technique to stop hydrogen leakageMethod to identify of the leak point from remotenessCan you move vehicle or rescue ever if you not stop a leak?Relationship between hydrogen diffusion and wind speedSafety evaluation of the high pressure pipe cutting
Release or Filling at the public road?Method to identify the soundness of the vesselSafety method to release the gas of the vesselHow should we approach vehicle after crush or fire ?Method to narrow a safe distanceExplosion direction of a weakened vessel
Etc…
The goal of these research is 2013Y.
The research in JARI is considered about conditions to be encountered in real world situation widely.
It is desired that these acquired data are applied effectively to develop global safety strategies.
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