REHABILITATION
• Introduction
• Rehabilitation background
• Material balance
• Projects
• Basic methodology
• Closure
• References
• Questions
REHABILITATION
• 42 years survey experience
• 1985 – 2007 Survey manager
• 2007-2010 Technical Manager – Survey,reconciliation and rehabilitation
• Oct 2010 – Jul 2012 Chief Surveyor Umcebo mines
• 2012 – Survey manager Shanduka coal
• Qualifications – GCC Mine Surveying, NHD Mine Surveying
INTRODUCTION
MATERIAL BALANCE EXAMPLE MATERIAL BALANCE Purpose
To determine whether there will be enough material to rehabilitate the total ****** mining area up to the end of life. Assumptions From the LOM information received from ******* an average RD of 1.5 for coal and 1.8 for discard was used for volume calculations. It was assumed that in the absence of a rehabilitation design that Portion 11 will be rehabilitated to original ground level. Material balance
The material balance was done in three parts , future mining, contaminated areas to be rehabilitated and current rehabilitation design.
Material balance remainder of life from 17/06/2014
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Totals
In situ BCM 5,374,578 8,346,126 8,676,431 9,241,596 9,112,002 8,380,641 8,033,882 8,660,009 65,825,265
Coal tons 2,278,099 3,868,493 3,977,078 3,127,553 2,062,100 2,334,310 2,501,612 2,852,034 23,001,279
Coal volume 1,518,733 2,578,995 2,651,386 2,085,035 1,374,733 1,556,207 1,667,742 1,901,356 15,334,186
Total in situ volume 6,893,311 8,658,327 11,220,990 11,326,631 10,486,735 9,936,848 9,701,623 10,561,365 78,785,830
Burden LCM 7,582,642 9,551,018 9,560,738 10,165,756 10,023,202 9,218,705 8,837,270 9,526,010 74,465,341
Diff 689,331 892,692 -1,660,252 -1,160,876 -463,533 -718,143 -864,353 -1,035,355 -4,320,489
Discard tons 578,534 91,689 1,127,492 1,041,635 1,165,089 1,083,961 948,783 1,139,308 7,176,491
Discard volume 321,408 50,938 626,384 578,686 647,272 602,200 527,101 632,949 3,986,939
Total diff 1,010,739 943,630 -1,033,868 -582,189 183,739 -115,942 -337,252 -402,406 -333,550
Contaminated areas 946,152m2 0.5m cut 473,076
946,152m2 0.3m Topsoil fill 283,846
Total 189,230
Material balance as on 17/06/2014 on current rehab design cut 15,040,479
Portion 11 to natural ground levels fill 20,161,953
Total -5,121,474
Total shortfall -5,265,793
Conclusion
The total shortage of material is 5,3 milj m3 with the bulk of the shortage being generated in Portion 11 ( 4,6 milj m3). The remainder 0.7milj m3 shortage is over the ****** area where some of the shortage can be eliminated by minor changes in the design. It will be a challenge to eliminate the entire shortage generated in Portion 11 in that area alone, it will be necessary to have a close look at the
nth/wst corner of ******* combined with portion 11 to eliminate the shortage.
MATERIAL BALANCE CONTINUE
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Pre- mining project 1
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Pre-mining project 1 – Original ground
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Pre-mining project 1 – Excluding discard to pit
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
– Including discard to pit Pre-mining project 1
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Pre-mining project 2 - before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Pre-mining project 2 - ogl and design
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Adit
Hard park 1
Hard park 2
Project 3 - before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 3 - before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 3 - after
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 3 - after
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Bankfontein Colliery phase 1 – before and design
Due to shortage of backfill material an innovative design was needed to ensure surface water wil not accumulate on the rehabilitated area.
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 4 phase 1 2 months into rehab process
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 4 phase 1 4 months into rehab process
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 4 phase 1 5 months into rehab process
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 4 phase 1 7 months rehab completed
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 4 phase 1 completed
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 5
Before Design Current
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 6 before and design
Excess material – overburden dump shaped
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 7 before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 7 design
Excess material Dumps shaped
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 7 current
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 8 before
13mil m3 short
Historic rehabilitation 8m higher than natural groun level causing a defecit of 13mil m3.
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 8 design and current
Re-establish pan
Re-establish stream
Material balanced no shortage
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 9 Before Design
Re-establish pan
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 9 design & current state
Re-establish pan
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 10 before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 10 design
Excess material Overburden dump shaped
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 10 current
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 11 before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 11 design
Due to historic rehabilitation done without any rehabilitation design it caused a massive shortage of backfill material and to ensure free draining of surface water it necessitated an innovative design.
Old rehab areas
Old rehab areas
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 12 current discard dump
Current opencast workings
Current discard dump
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 12 new discard dump design
Current discard dump shaped to new design
New extension
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 13 before
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
***Project 13 design
Reduced rehab costs by 50 %
Polcon dam
Evaporation dam
Polcon dam
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 14 Current topography
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 14 Design and sections
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 15 Design Original topography
Pre-mining design, shortage of backfill material
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 16 design
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 17 design
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
Project 18 design
Due to shortage of material in all 3 pits it was difficult to achieve free draining of surface water
BASIC METHODOLOGY • LOM volumes and any other waste returned to opencast voids • Do a material balance to determine excess or deficit of material available
for rehabilitation • Study original topography to ensure design will fit • Re-establish streams etc. • Adhere to EMP and WUL requirements
CLOSURE
• My passion is rehabilitation • My designs are practical • My designs are creative • My designs are cost effective iro rehabilitation costs • My rates are competitive
Why use my expertise?????
Services provided
• Pre-mining rehabiitation designs • Rehabilitation designs current & post mining • Monitoring of actual rehabilitation process • Quantum costs calculations and current costs calculations • Any survey related work
REFERENCES
• Zirk vd Bank – CEO Shandukacoal • Sunil Mangaroo – Group HSEC Manager Shanduka • Dewald Vogel – General Manager Umcebo Mines • Mark Cunnings – General Manager Shandukacoal • Hugo Grobler – Group Mining Services Manager Shandukacoal • Hento Deale – CEO Muhanga Mines • Jaco Kleynhans – JKC Consulting • John Hough – Verminin Mining Services
Questions