Reinventing Science Librarianship
Education for New Roles
Catherine [email protected]
http://www.ils.unc.edu/~cablakeUniversity of North Carolina @ Chapel Hill
• Jupiter has moons– Galileo, Sidereus Nuncius,
1610
• Relative sizes of the Earth, Sun and Moon– Aristarchus's 3rd century BC – this image - 10th century AD
Creation
Source: Wikipedia
Creation
• The first beam in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN1 was successfully steered around the full 27 kilometers of the world’s most powerful particle accelerator
Source: http://www.scigene.com/products/little_dipper.htmlhttp://mediaarchive.cern.ch/MediaArchive/Photo/Public/2008/0809002/0809002_01/0809002_01-A5-at-72-dpi.jpg
• Little Dipper microarray processors
• Biology/pharmacology
Acquisition & Collection
• Data acquired directly from scientists– Heterogeneous formats
• multi-media• annotations on a spreadsheet
– Varying quality• experimental settings• Student vs verified data
Identification & Cataloging
• Collectively identifying resources• Group think
– Social bookmarking– Participatory cataloging
• Eg UNC photographs
Storage & Preservation
Image Source: http://www.cray.com/products/index.htmlhttp://www2.sims.berkeley.edu/research/projects/how-much-info-2003/
• Storage– 92% on magnetic media– 5 exabytes of print, film, magnetic, and
optical storage media produced about in 2002
• Preservation– Heterogeneous – Changing hardware – Changing software
Barriers to access removed
• Environment– New source of information providers
(Scientists, Granting agencies)– NIH Mandated access
• Consequences– No single point of access– Different levels of access required
• HIPPA compliance• Maintaining cultural norms
Use and Reuse
• Data and Text Mining– Use data collected for a different purpose– Eg a side-effect of one drug becomes the
purpse of another
• Information Synthesis– Combine speculative information
• Literature Based Discovery– Uncover transitive connections from text
Data Oriented Roles
• Data Consultant– Share best practice regarding how to
organize & share data
• Data Distributor– Scientists control the data, distributor
makes the data available to others
• Data Manager– Manager organizes and keep the data
New Roles
• Data Service Provider– Data conversion and pre-processing
• Data and Text Analyst– Scientist provides the data, analyst
applies visualization, data and text mining tools.
• Embedded Roles (Data Scientist)– Information Work flow
Data Oriented Roles
• Information organization
• Conceptual Modeling
• Create and understand – ER diagrams– UML
diagrams– Concept maps
Reference Model For an Open Archival Information System
InformationObject
Representation
Information
1+
interpretedusing
1+DataObject
interpretedusing
PhysicalObject
DigitalObject
BitSequence
1+
Source:nost.gsfc.nasa.gov/isoas/presentations/oais_tutorial_200005.ppt
Data Oriented Roles
• Conceptual relational models
• Good database design– Normalization– Methods to enforce
• data quality• referential integrity
– Ongoing maintenance
New Roles
• Text Mining: A case study– All text is not created equal– Things that in the way
- Page breaks- Figures- Tables- Special characters
- Implications to preservation
></TABLE
><P
>Scientists engage in the discovery process more than any other user population, yet their day-to-day activities are often elusive. … The development of accurate models often requires that a scientist resolve conflicting evidence.</P
><P
>One activity that consumes much of a scientists' time is <I
>synthesis</I
>, <IMG
SRC="/giflibrary/12/ldquo.gif"
BORDER="0">the dialectic combination of thesis and antithesis into a higher stage of truth<IMG SRC="/giflibrary/12/rdquo.gif"
BORDER="0"> (<I
>Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary</I
>, [<A
HREF="#BIB24"
>2004</A
>]). This dictionary definition reflects the alternative viewpoints that often occur when multiple empirical studies explore the same phenomena. The synthesis activity results in an overall finding - a higher stage of truth - which scientists achieve by …
Machine readable form
First phase pre-processing
></TABLE>
<P>Scientists engage in the discovery process more than any other user population, yet their day-to-day activities are often elusive. … The development of accurate models often requires that a scientist resolve conflicting evidence.</P>
<P>One activity that consumes much of a scientists' time is <I>synthesis</I>, <IMG SRC="/giflibrary/12/ldquo.gif” BORDER="0">the dialectic combination of thesis and antithesis into a higher stage of truth<IMG SRC="/giflibrary/12/rdquo.gif“ BORDER="0"> (<I>Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary</I>, [<A HREF="#BIB24">2004</A>]). This dictionary definition reflects the alternative viewpoints that often occur when multiple empirical studies explore the same phenomena. The synthesis activity results in an overall finding - a higher stage of truth - which scientists achieve by …OLD: <IMG SRC="/giflibrary/12/ldquo.gif” BORDER="0">NEW: “
OLD: <IMG SRC="/giflibrary/12/ldquo.gif” BORDER="0">NEW: ”
OLD: (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary [<A HREF="#BIB24">2004</A>])NEW: _BIB_24
Second phase pre-processing
• Add Identifiers– break paragraphs into sentences– Add document, section, paragraph,
sentence IDs
• Replacements – symbols , references
• Output:Identifiers|One activity that consumes much of a scientists' time is
synthesis “the dialectic combination of thesis and antithesis into a higher stage of truth” _BIB_24.
Identifiers|This dictionary definition reflects the alternative viewpoints that often occur when multiple empirical studies explore the same phenomena.
21
Text Analytics
SAS Text Miner(Association Rules)
IBM Intelligent Miner for text (Clustering)
• Clustering • Categorization• Association Rules
Embedded Roles
• Workflow• Deep understanding
– Data formats – Access norms– Reward structures
• Custom pre-processing
Closing Remarks
• Not everyone will have every skill• Existing skills that will remain
critical– Strong ties to faculty– Strong negotiating skills– Knowledge of standards and resources
• The roles exist, its not clear where they will live within an institutionThe ability to think like someone within a discipline