ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND
SERVICES SEMESTER 8
HARSH A-1112
SIDDHANT B-3312
TEJ B-4612
SAGAR B-5012
VIBHUTI B-5712
MITESH B-3611
AMIT B-4011
SETU B-4311
SNEHAL B-5211
CONTENT Climatic Zones in India Human comfort according to region Case study Teri, Banglore (Moderate) Himurja, shimala (Cold and cloudy) Shrujan (Hot and Dry)i. Climate, location & orientationii. Day light Thermal comfort • Air circulation• Material• Landscapingiii. Water harvesting
Hot and dry Warm and humid
Cold and sunny Cold and cloudy Composite Moderate
Solar radiation High direct radiation from sun.
Usually diffuse radiation due to cloud cover or vapor content of it.
Intense with low percentage of diffuse radiation.
Low in winter with high percentage of diffuse radiation.
Intense in summer and winter with low percentage of diffuse radiation but very low in monsoon with predominantly diffuse radiation.
More or less uniformly moderate all through the year.
TemperatureSummer mid daySummer nightWinter mid dayWinter nightDiurnal variation
40*-45*C20*-30*C5*-25*C0*-15*C15*-20*C
30*-35*C25*-30*C25*-30*C20*-25*C5*-8*C
17*-25*C4*-11*C-7*-(-8*)C-14*-0*C25*-25*C
20*-30*C17*-21*C4*-8*C-3*-(-4*)C5*-15*C
32*-43*C27*-32*C10*-25*C4*-10*C35*-22*C
30*-34*C17*-24*C27*-33*C16*-18*C8*-13*C
Relative humidity very low (25-40%) High (70-90%) Consistently low (10-50%)
Varies between 70 and 80%
In dry periods 20-50% in wet periods 55-95%
Variable between 30 and 80%
Precipitation Low generally 500mm per year
High generally 1200mm per year
Very low less then 200mm per year
Moderate, distribute evenly throughout the year annual total around 1000mm
Variable between 500 to 1300mm
Fairly well distributed total annual rainfall usually exceeding 1000mm
Winds Dust laden local winds in afternoon
Usually 1 or 2 prevailing directions with velocities ranging from extremely low.
Occasionally intense Generally intense especially during rainfall. Mainly dependent on topography.
Hot and dusty, during summer, strong winds in monsoon from south-east.
Variable, generally high during winter.
Sky condition Cloudless skies with high solar radiation causing glare.
Generally overcast causing unpleasant glare.
Fairly throughout the year with cloud cover less than 50%.
Overcast for most part of the year.
Varying overcast and dull in the monsoon. Clear during summer and winter.
Mainly clear, occasionally overcast with dense low clouds in summer.
Vegetation Scare vegetation generally consisting of grass, cacti or thorny trees.
Relatively flat regions with abundant vegetation.
Mountainous regions with little vegetation.
Highland regions with abundant vegetation in summer.
Extremely variable landscape with rapid seasonal changes in vegetation.
Generally hilly or high plateau region with fairly abundant vegetation.
Reference : climate responsive architecture
CASE STUDIES
TERI (MODERATE) , BANGALORE
HIMURJA BUILDING (COLD & CLOUDY) , SHIMLA
SHRUJAN (HOT&DRY) , BHUJODI
HUMAN COMFORT RANGE
Hot & dry
Temperature 21* - 27 * C in summer 20.5 * - 25 * C in winter Humidity 20 % - 75 % RH in winter & summerRadiation Air movement (wind)5 to 11 kmphDay light/ glareDGP(day light glare probability)DGP < 35% --- imperceptible 35% <DGP<40% -- perceptible 40% <DGP<45% --disturbing45% <DGP –intolerance
Cold & cloudy
Temperature 21* - 27 * C in summer 20.5 * - 25 * C in winter Humidity 20 % - 75 % RH in winter & summerRadiation Air movement (wind)2 to 5 kmphDay light/ glareDGP(day light glare probability)DGP < 35% --- imperceptible 35% <DGP<40% -- perceptible 40% <DGP<45% --disturbing45% <DGP –intolerance
Reference :Book: climate responsive architecture , www.rnh3bc.wordpress.com, www.iawe.org, www.utexus.edu, www.energydesigntools&ucla.edu, www.intigrateddesignlab.com , National building code 2005
Moderate
Temperature 21* - 27 * C in summer 20.5 * - 25 * C in winter Humidity 20 % - 75 % RH in winter & summerRadiation Air movement (wind)5 to 11 kmphDay light/ glareDGP(day light glare probability)DGP < 35% --- imperceptible 35% <DGP<40% -- perceptible 40% <DGP<45% --disturbing45% <DGP –intolerance
Climate of Banglore North
EastWest
South
May – October(7-34 kmph)
Temp : 14 *C - 35 * C
Solar radiation 19.70 MJ m-2 day-1
November – March
B A
Section A
Section B
1
3,4
Key plan
2VIEW 1
VIEW 2
VIEW 3
VIEW 4
Day light • Photo voltaic cells are used at
line with primary orbit of the sun ( about 22-22.5 degrees).
Key plan
Section C
Photo voltaic panelsSolar chimney
Photovoltaic cellsStructural support
C
Air circulation
• Unhygienic foul breeze blowing from “naala” side is kept away by blank wall.
• Black kadappa stone is deliberately used because it is good absorbent of heat.
Section A
A
Key plan
Reference : Mind space architects
South west wall cladded with black KADAPPA stone
Trombe wall effect
Filler slab used to minimize heat gain
Landscape
LVL + 5.65
LVL + 6.0
LVL + 8.0LVL + 8.3
LVL + 7.2
Rainfall : 970 mm
Water harvesting
Himurja office building – Shimla
Temp: 3* - 28* C
3 – 14 kmph
Reference : climate responsive architecture
North
EastWest
South
N
Day light, Sun radiation & heat gain
Day light, Solarium , solar chimney , air heating panels
Shrujan Trust, Bhujodi, Bhuj
N
Temp: 19.5*- 49* C
12 – 45 kmph
Reference : indigo architects
GROUND FLOOR1. ENTRY2. FOYER3. RETAIL STORE4. OUTDOOR CAFE5. LOUNGE6. PANTRY7. WORKSHOP8. SERVICES9. PASSAGE10. TOILET11. OFFICE12. RECEPTION13. COURTYARD14. UGT15. RAIN WATER TANK
FIRST FLOOR16. RETAIL STORE17. TEXTILE EXHIBIT
GALLERY18. DESIGN CELL19. FABRIC DRYING TERRACE20. GUEST ROOM 21. TIOLET22. LOBBY23. AUDITORIOM
N
NGROUND FLOOR1. ENTRY 2. FOYER3. RETAIL STORE4. OUTDOOR CAFE5. LOUNGE6. PANTRY7. WORKSHOP
8. SERVICES9. PASSAGE10. TIOLET11. OFFICE12. RECEPTION13. COURTYARD14. UGT15. RAIN WATER TANK
Heat gain
Wind tower
Air circulation