Restoration of Digitized Old Paintings & Manuscripts
Varun Varshney (200701085)Siddharth Kherada (200702048)
Restoration of Paintings : Crack Removal
• Crack detection, classification and crack filling.
Restoration of Manuscripts : Foxing Removal & Page Enhancement• Foxing detection , removal and color correction•
Research Paper: Digital image processing techniques for the detection and removal of cracks in digitized paintings•By: Ioannis Giakoumis, Nikos Nikolaidis, Ioannis Pitas
Research paper:-Digital Automated restoration of manuscripts and antique printed books.•By:-Giovanni Ramponi, Filippo Stanco , William Dello Russo, Simonetta Pelusi , Paolo Mauro .
Restoration of Old Paintings :Crack Removal
Need: Old Paintings are being digitized .Problem: Removal of cracks without corrupting the brush strokes.
Step 1:Crack Detection
• Using Non linear Morphological top hat filter
• Result:• Binarized image containing cracks +dark brush strokes
Step2:Crack Classification
• Classification of cracks and dark brush strokes using gaussian classifier
• Result: Cracks obtained
Step 3: Crack Filling
• Crack filling based on order statistics filters(MTM filter)
• Result: Cracks interpolated or filled !
Process Diagram:--
Crack Detection & Crack Classification:• Crack detection(top hat transform)• Crack classification( gaussian classifier)
Crack detection
Crack classification : GaussianBefore classification : Crack :3662, brush:816, undecided:3607After classification : Crack :6739, brush:1346, undecided:0
Results (MTM filter)
Brush strokes are still intact
whereas cracks are reduced
Results with other images of Byzantine era
Restoration of Old ManuscriptsFoxing Detection & Removal• NEED : Libraries and other cultural institutions
are digitizing increasing quantities of manuscript and printed material, both ancient and modern.
• PROBLEM : FOXING : describes the red-brown spots (color of a fox) that may form on the surface of the paper of antique books. It is often triggered by high humidity and temperature extremes in places where books and documents are stored.
Page Enhancement• NEED :• Important step after Foxing Removal• for reducing the yellowing of the paper .
• PROBLEM : FOXING : removal of yellowing due to • cellulose oxidation catalyzed by metals.
Process Diagram:Foxing Removal
1)Foxing Detection:Operate on ChrominanceRed(Cb).Threshold forBinary Image
4)Color Filtering
This is done byusing medianof non foxedPixels.
2)Detail ImageExtraction:Rational FilterTo get Ylp.Yhp=Y-Ylp+K
K determined Using mean &Otsu’s threshold
3)Processing Of ‘Fox’ image& Merging withYhp.
Processing using RFFfox.
Merging usingFfox and originalimage
Original
Final DeFoxed
Foxing Removal :Results321
1)Original Image2)Result in paper3)Our Result
Page Enhancemen
t(to be done)As the page
quality decreases
Foxing Removal :Results on other Images
Process Diagram:Foxing Removal
1)Tonal Adjustment:Application ofNon linear func.with sigmoidalshape on a RFFiltered image(Yr)Result : (Yr1)
4)Color Correction
This is done byusing medianof non foxedPixels.
2)Detail Preservation &Finish TonalAdjustment:Pixel by pixel of original andRF filtered image.Result:Yn=Y*Y/Yr
3)Threshol-ding using Otsu’s threshold .
Result : (Ybw)
Final DeFoxed
Original(after foxing
removal
Page Enhancement : Results
