Sensor Based N Management in the Yaqui Valley
Ivan Ortiz-MonasterioCIMMYT
Oklahoma State University
Kenya
ZimbabweAustralia
China
India
Yaqui Valley
RECUPERACION DE NITROGENO EN TRIGO
31 %
Percentage Nitrogen Recovery in Wheat in the Yaqui Valley
(average of 30 fields)
Losses
Recovery by the plant
Urea
OrganicMatter NH4
+ NO3- N2O N2
Nitrification Denitrification
N2O N2NOxNH3
NH4+
NO3-
Losses to the environment
Beman et al. 2005Nature
Sensor TechnologyGreenSeeker
Diagnostic tool that allows you to identify the optimum N rate for each individual farmer’s field
Technology Components
1. Establishment of an N rich strip
2. NDVI reading in the N rich strip and farmer’s field that will be diagnosed
3. Use of a crop algorithm to derive N recommendations
N Rich Strip
20 has
10 meters
Apply pre-plant or
at planting
2. NDVI reading in the N rich strip and the farmer’s field that will be diagnosed
Measurement: As close as possible to the first post plant irrigation but 40 days after planting.
3. Use of the Crop Algorithm to derive a N recommendation
RESULTS
2009-2010
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN SONORA
• CIMMYT• Oklahoma State University• AOASS• PIEAES • FUNDACION PRODUCE SONORA / COFUPRO• FIRA• SAGARPA• CONACYT• Uniones de Agricultores
COOPERATIVEAOASS
FARM ADVISERSIng. Arturo Muñoz Cañez (coordinador)
UCAC Ing. Emilio Acosta M.Ing. Julio Galaz Gil
UCAY Ing. Ramón Gil Cota.
UCAH Ing. Julio C. Espinoza.
AAVYAC Ing. Carlos Remy M.
UCAYVISA Ing. Raúl Salinas G.
USPRUSS Ing. Carlos Rodríguez PIng. Manuel Ferra M.Ing. Carlos Quiñones.
UCAMAYO Ing. Manuel H. Alcántar
APRONSA Ing. Ignacio Miranda I.
TECHNICAL TEAM
CIMMYTDr. Ivan Ortiz-MonasterioIng. Maria Elena Cardenas
N RichStrip
Sensor Management
Sensor Management
107 fields
PROGRAM 2009-2010
• 7363 hectares
38% tested
• 105 participating
farmers
• 316 field with an
N rich strip
Wheat YieldSensor vs N Rich Strip
2009-2010
Rich strip Sensor
Whe
at Y
ield
(kg/
ha)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
7,263 7,180
Difference85 kg N/ha64kgN/ha
107 Fields
2002
-200
3
2003
-200
4
2004
-200
5
2005
-200
6
2006
-200
7
2007
-200
8
2008
-200
9
2009
-201
00
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
7 Ha 8 Ha 40 Ha140 Ha
3,500 Ha
2,811 Ha
6,484 Ha
7,363 Ha
Area under Sensor GreenSeeker in Southern Sonora
Are
a (
Ha
)
FERTILIZATION(Kg N/Ha)
Farmer P
ract.
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
Kg
Nit
rog
en
/Hec
tare
a
0
50
100
150
200
250
PreplantingSidedress60-68 kgN
86 60 101 107 fields
N Saving Using the GreenSeeker
2007-2008
60 kgN/ha
1.00 USD/kgN = 60 USD/ha
2008-2009
68 kgN/ha
1.30 USD/kgN = 88 USD/ha
2009-2010
64kg N/ha
1.00 USD/kgN = 64 USD/ha
NATIONAL SENSOR PROGRAM
2
1
WHEAT
3
4
57
6 8
9
1: B.C.2: Sonora3: Sinaloa4: Jalisco
5: Guanajuato6: Edo. México7: Querétaro8: Tlaxcala9: Puebla
MAIZE
1: Sonora2: Sinaloa3: Chihuahua4: Jalisco5: Zacatecas6: Edo. México7: Hidalgo8: D.F.9: Tlaxcala10: Puebla11: Oaxaca12: Chiapas13: Tabasco14: Yucatán15: Quintana Roo
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 9
10
1112
13
14
15
GreenSeeker in Maize
Ten nitrogen experiments over four years
Treatment Preplant N (kg/ha) Starter N (kg/ha) Sidedress N (kg/ha) V61 0 0 02 200 0 03 0 40 04 0 40 305 0 40 606 0 40 907 0 40 1208 0 40 1509 0 40 180
The late Dr. Norman Borlaug visits with reporters in a farmer field near Ciudad Obregon, Sonora, Mexico concerning the GreenSeeker N management
approach that has now been used in the Yaqui Valley since 2002. This due to pioneering efforts from Dr. Ivan Ortiz-Monasterio. Attending the field day and announcement included a reporter from the Wall Street Journal, and many press
representatives from various regions in Mexico.
Sensor Training, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico,Ivan Ortiz-Monasterio, CIMMYT