RIZAL AND HIS TIMEPROLOGUE
• What are the effects of the
developments/modernization at
the turn of the 21st Century?
Before the birth of Rizal.
Feb. 19, 1861 – the liberal Czar Alexander II issued a
proclamation emancipating 22,500,000 serfs to appease the
rising discontent of the Russian masses.
June 19, 1861 the birth of Rizal, the American Civil war was raging
furiously in the United States on the negro Slavery.
• April 12, 1861 the negro slavery in
the United States erupted.
• September 22, 1863, President
Lincoln issued his famous
Emancipation Proclamation.
• June 1, 1861, Benito Juarez, a full
blooded Zapotec Indian was
elected president of Mexico.
Benito Juarez
Abraham Lincoln
• Emperor Napoleon III of the Second French Empire with his imperialistic desire to secure a colonial stake in Latin America invaded and conquered Mexico. He installed Archduke Maximilian of Austria as puppet emperor of Mexico on June 12, 1864.
• Because of the raging
American Civil War
President Juarez cannot
obtain military aid from his
friend president Lincoln.
The Birth of Rizal
Germany and Italy
• Succeeded in unifying their own countries
Prussians
• Led by Otto von Bismarck, the “Iron Chancellor” defea-ted France in the Franco-Prussian war and established the German Empire on Jan. 18, 1871
France
• With the defeat of Emperor Napoleon his Second French Empire Collapsed and over its ruin the Third French Republic arose, with Adolph Thiers as first President.
The times of Rizal saw the
flowering of Western Imperialism.
En
gla
nd Emerged as the
world’s leading imperialist power
People asserted that “Britannia Rules the Waves”
Co
n’t Won in the First
Opium war (1840-1842) against Chinese Empire under the Manchu dynasty,
Acquired the island of Hong Kong
Co
n’t Won again in
the Second Opium War (1856-1860) and forced the Manchu Dynasty to cede Kowloon Peninsula.
• Other British colonies:
• India, Pakistan, Bangladesh,
Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Burma,
Maldives, Aden, Malaya,
Singapore and Egypt.
• In South Pacific they were
able to get Australia and
New Zealand.
Other Imperialist countries that
followed Britain’s example:France
• Vietnam, annexed Cambodia and Laos, federated the colony under the name French Indochina.
Netherlands
• Colonized the East Indies and named it the Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia)
Czarist Russia
• Conquered Siberia, Kamchatka, Kuriles, and Alaska (sold in 1867 to the U.S. for $7,200,000) as well as Muslim Khanates of Bokhara, Khiva, and Kokand in Central Asia.
Czarist Russia
• Also acquired Manchuria and as a “sphere of influence”
• Built the 5,800-mile Trans-Siberian Railway, reputed to be “the world’s longest railroad” linking Vladivostok and Moscow.
Japan
• July 8, 1853 Japan
re-openedto the world. (214-year isolation)
• Fought against
the weak China
in the Sino-
Japanese war,
grabbed Formosa,
Pescadores and
later annexed
Korea
Germany
• scramble for colonies in Asia and Africa, turned to the Islands in the Mid-Pacific world including the Yap island which contested by Spain, Pope Leo XII gave only Germany the right to trade and establish coaling station
European Imperialism
Spain
Spain who was once
upon a time the “Mistress of the World”,
was stagnating as
a world power.
Lost her rich colonies in
Latin America
(Paraguay, Argentina,
Chile, Colombia
and Ecuador.
Costa Rica, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador,
and Nicaragua, Venezuela,
Peru, Bolivia and Uruguay
Colonies that remained under her rule was
Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Spain’s former colonies
The Philippines of Rizal’s Times
• During the times of Rizal, the
sinister shadows of Spain’s
decadence darkened the
Philippine Skies.
Evils of Spain in the Philippines
Instability of adminis-
tration Corrupt Officialdom
Human rights
denied to Filipinos
No Phil. Repre-
sentation in the
Spanish Cortes
No equalityMaladmi-nistration of justice
Frailocracy
Guardia civil
Haciendas owned by the friars
Racial Discrimi-
nation
Thank You!