Global Horizonal Irradiation - long-term average © 2019 Solargis
© 2019 SolargisReport number: SG-01-2016
Solargis® Report
Solar Resource Overview
Site name:
Plataforma Solar de Almeria, Spain
Type of Data:
Hourly time series (01/01/1994 - 31/12/2018)TMY P50 (01/01/1994 - 31/12/2018)
Customer:
Solargis s.r.o.
Date of Issue:
22 January 2019
Issued by:
Solargis s.r.o.Tel: +421 2 43 191 708
http://solargis.com
SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
1. Site Info
Site name: Plataforma Solar de Almeria, Spain
Latitude: 37.094416°
Longitude: -2.35985°
Elevation: 497 m a.s.l.
Location on the map: http://solargis.info/imaps/#tl=Google:satellite&loc=37.094416,-2.359850&z=14
Google Maps © 2019 Google
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
2. Executive Summary
Long-term average yearly values calculated from time series (TS) representing 25 complete calendar years (1994-2018):
TS TMY P50
Global Horizontal Irradiation 1881 1881 kWh/m²
Diffuse Horizontal Irradiation 611 611 kWh/m²
Global Tilted Irradiation (fixed inclination: 33° azimuth: 180°, rel. rowspacing: 2.6)
2179 -- kWh/m²
Air Temperature at 2 m 16.6 16.6 °C
3. Solargis Database Description
This report and data is based on Solargis high-resolution database operated by Solargis s.r.o. company. Solar resource data(GHI, DIF, DNI and GTI) is calculated by a suit of solar models, and the data inputs are derived from geostationarymeteorological satellites and global meteorological models. Meteorological data (TEMP, RH, WS, WD, AP and PWAT) areprocessed from the outputs of global meteorological models. All Solargis parameters are validated by quality-controlledground measurements acquired by high-accuracy meteorological equipment worldwide. The spatial and time resolution ofthe original input data are harmonized during the model processing to achieve the best possible.
Output from the database Solargis v2.1.25
Solar Resource
Description: Data calculated from Meteosat MSG and MFG satellite data (© 2019 EUMETSAT) and fromatmospheric data (© 2019 ECMWF, NOAA and NASA) by Solargis method
Spatial resolution: 250 m
Meteorological Data
Description: Spatially disaggregated from CFSR, CFSv2 and GFS (© 2019 NOAA) and MERRA2 (© 2019 NASA) bySolargis method
Spatial resolution: Temperature 1 km, other meteorological parameters 33 km to 55 km
Terrain shading is not considered in this delivery. Occasional deviations in calculations may occur as a result ofmathematical rounding and cannot be considered as a defect of algorithms. Acronyms used later in this report: TS - timeseries, TMY - typical meteorological year, LTA - long-term average, STDEV - standard deviation.
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
4. Time Series (TS) Overview
Type of data: Hourly time series (time reference UTC+0)
Period: 01/01/1994 - 31/12/2018 (219144 records)
Parameters:
Code Description CSV file PDF report
GHI Global horizontal irradiation [Wh/m²]
DIF Diffuse horizontal irradiation [Wh/m²]
GTI Global tilted irradiation [Wh/m²] (fixed inclination: 33 deg. azimuth: 180 deg., rel.row spacing: 2.6)
flagR Cloud identification quality flag: 0: sun below horizon, 1: model value, 2:interpolated 1hour, 5: long term monthly median or persistence, 6: synthetic data,11:NWP forecast
SE Sun altitude (elevation) angle [deg.]
SA Sun azimuth angle [deg.]
TEMP Air temperature at 2 m [deg. C]
WS Wind speed at 10 m [m/s]
WD Wind direction at 10 m [deg.]
Regarding data tables on the next pages, background color of cells in the 'Year' column means: grey color - yearly value iswithin the standard deviation band - a normal year, red or blue color is reserved for exceptional years above or belowstandard deviation band respectively.
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
Global horizontal irradiation: monthly and yearly sums GHIYe
ar
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
1994 92 109 159 197 218 243 235 212 175 105 93 86 1924 1994
1995 95 111 154 193 223 219 244 213 167 123 82 68 1892 1995
1996 76 109 149 174 214 239 240 220 147 132 92 62 1853 1996
1997 65 117 174 161 216 238 243 204 152 124 83 71 1849 1997
1998 81 97 167 195 181 236 255 210 154 140 92 84 1891 1998
1999 84 110 161 210 219 240 248 224 168 104 88 74 1930 1999
2000 89 124 157 188 197 250 250 214 172 124 86 73 1925 2000
2001 88 110 154 196 202 248 240 215 159 122 76 65 1874 2001
2002 84 118 149 174 219 228 249 216 160 123 87 76 1882 2002
2003 92 89 139 178 221 232 250 223 173 101 78 77 1851 2003
2004 96 107 133 186 187 236 237 214 153 125 92 68 1835 2004
2005 101 100 146 203 227 245 248 213 170 127 92 79 1950 2005
2006 73 98 167 171 190 219 243 220 166 122 79 76 1825 2006
2007 84 98 162 139 223 242 254 206 160 115 91 77 1853 2007
2008 89 88 167 193 195 233 238 221 142 104 93 73 1837 2008
2009 76 106 152 185 224 240 245 219 139 131 97 70 1882 2009
2010 80 83 128 163 236 229 240 208 161 124 84 78 1814 2010
2011 77 115 137 169 193 224 235 222 176 127 82 82 1839 2011
2012 93 119 165 190 232 238 248 211 157 122 72 80 1927 2012
2013 88 109 139 173 206 249 244 207 159 130 93 78 1874 2013
2014 85 102 161 195 235 231 247 220 159 132 86 86 1939 2014
2015 96 99 148 172 214 241 247 201 163 116 102 86 1882 2015
2016 86 99 163 177 221 237 231 217 173 126 85 73 1889 2016
2017 84 99 164 189 230 242 245 197 177 138 96 84 1944 2017
2018 90 103 146 179 211 229 247 215 154 109 84 87 1854 2018
LTA 86 105 154 182 213 236 244 214 161 122 87 76 1881
Unit: kWh/m² Long-term statistics is calculated from complete years Yearly STDEV: 40 kWh/m²
Monthly long-term average, minimum and maximum Interannual variability of yearly values with average line andSTDEV band
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
Diffuse horizontal irradiation: monthly and yearly sums DIFYe
ar
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
1994 29 35 56 51 68 70 88 73 46 48 29 25 619 1994
1995 25 31 46 58 74 77 73 67 48 53 38 28 618 1995
1996 32 32 48 66 64 76 74 62 54 39 29 27 603 1996
1997 34 30 45 58 74 62 66 63 55 44 31 25 586 1997
1998 31 32 48 53 79 72 66 73 52 37 26 22 591 1998
1999 26 26 47 49 75 69 70 63 51 47 27 26 576 1999
2000 25 27 60 56 68 68 72 74 51 42 29 28 600 2000
2001 30 35 55 56 68 70 74 70 60 45 35 27 625 2001
2002 29 28 49 60 69 86 73 71 60 45 30 27 626 2002
2003 25 34 53 62 71 81 75 64 53 49 32 26 623 2003
2004 24 36 49 52 82 71 75 66 59 46 28 26 615 2004
2005 21 28 58 59 72 72 73 68 54 43 30 23 603 2005
2006 29 35 44 75 84 80 80 63 58 51 31 28 659 2006
2007 28 34 45 69 68 67 67 76 62 46 30 24 616 2007
2008 26 38 44 58 83 71 76 64 59 50 29 24 622 2008
2009 29 33 49 58 73 67 69 65 58 41 30 25 599 2009
2010 29 36 50 74 66 71 73 69 53 41 26 29 617 2010
2011 30 30 54 67 77 70 77 71 51 45 33 24 628 2011
2012 26 29 51 59 67 77 74 77 56 42 34 26 617 2012
2013 28 31 52 60 75 69 71 69 55 46 29 27 612 2013
2014 28 34 47 58 62 76 73 64 52 45 31 21 591 2014
2015 26 33 46 63 74 64 72 74 54 47 24 26 603 2015
2016 30 42 45 59 70 73 76 66 54 48 31 23 616 2016
2017 26 39 46 58 75 67 72 68 51 40 26 23 590 2017
2018 27 34 47 59 77 75 74 66 57 44 29 21 610 2018
LTA 28 33 49 60 73 72 73 68 55 45 30 25 611
Unit: kWh/m² Long-term statistics is calculated from complete years Yearly STDEV: 17 kWh/m²
Monthly long-term average, minimum and maximum Interannual variability of yearly values with average line andSTDEV band
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
Global tilted irradiation: monthly and yearly sums GTIfixed inclination: 33° azimuth: 180°, rel. row spacing: 2.6Ye
ar
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
1994 155 159 196 212 211 223 224 219 205 138 149 154 2246 1994
1995 164 164 191 208 215 203 231 218 198 162 123 114 2189 1995
1996 119 160 182 186 203 219 227 227 173 182 148 101 2127 1996
1997 99 173 221 171 209 217 228 209 175 168 131 121 2121 1997
1998 131 138 210 210 172 217 239 215 178 197 151 153 2212 1998
1999 142 166 201 228 212 220 234 230 198 134 141 129 2235 1999
2000 152 188 193 201 190 229 236 221 203 169 137 124 2243 2000
2001 145 161 188 212 192 227 225 222 184 165 115 108 2145 2001
2002 137 177 183 183 210 211 234 223 184 168 139 132 2181 2002
2003 156 126 170 191 213 214 235 230 202 129 119 134 2119 2003
2004 168 155 164 199 179 217 224 220 179 169 150 116 2140 2004
2005 179 147 176 218 219 226 234 220 200 173 147 141 2280 2005
2006 118 141 210 181 184 201 229 228 194 162 124 129 2102 2006
2007 142 140 205 145 214 222 239 212 185 152 145 135 2138 2007
2008 150 123 209 207 188 213 225 229 163 135 151 127 2121 2008
2009 122 154 188 197 215 220 230 226 157 181 156 120 2165 2009
2010 131 114 155 171 227 211 227 215 188 169 135 133 2076 2010
2011 125 172 166 181 185 205 221 229 207 170 127 148 2136 2011
2012 160 178 207 204 224 219 234 219 182 166 108 140 2239 2012
2013 148 162 169 186 197 229 230 212 186 176 151 136 2182 2013
2014 142 148 201 208 227 212 232 226 184 182 134 157 2254 2014
2015 164 143 185 182 207 220 232 207 190 155 171 152 2208 2015
2016 144 137 204 189 211 217 219 224 204 170 133 129 2181 2016
2017 143 140 204 205 222 222 230 202 210 193 157 151 2279 2017
2018 153 149 179 192 202 211 232 222 180 146 132 160 2158 2018
LTA 144 153 190 195 205 217 230 220 188 164 139 134 2179
Unit: kWh/m² Long-term statistics is calculated from complete years Yearly STDEV: 57 kWh/m²
Monthly long-term average, minimum and maximum Interannual variability of yearly values with average line andSTDEV band
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
Average diurnal (24 hour) air temperature at 2 m TEMPYe
ar
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
1994 8.2 9.9 13.2 13.8 19.8 22.2 27.9 27.3 20.3 15.8 13.8 9.7 16.9 1994
1995 8.9 12.4 12.3 14.3 19.4 20.9 25.1 24.7 19.4 17.8 14.0 10.5 16.7 1995
1996 9.9 8.6 11.1 14.7 16.8 21.4 23.6 23.6 18.4 15.6 12.2 8.9 15.4 1996
1997 8.8 12.1 13.7 15.7 18.3 21.9 21.7 23.2 21.0 17.5 12.6 9.7 16.4 1997
1998 9.1 10.8 13.9 14.0 16.7 22.7 25.6 24.5 21.7 15.6 12.5 8.3 16.3 1998
1999 8.2 9.3 12.2 16.0 20.6 23.1 25.7 26.3 21.4 16.4 10.2 8.5 16.5 1999
2000 7.3 12.5 13.3 13.4 19.0 22.4 25.0 24.9 21.6 15.4 10.7 9.6 16.3 2000
2001 9.0 10.2 14.6 16.0 17.9 24.7 24.5 25.7 21.0 18.0 10.5 8.2 16.7 2001
2002 9.2 11.4 12.7 14.5 17.6 23.2 24.1 23.7 21.2 16.5 12.9 10.3 16.5 2002
2003 7.8 8.7 12.2 14.6 19.1 25.4 26.9 26.4 21.6 15.8 12.4 8.6 16.7 2003
2004 10.3 10.5 11.8 13.5 15.5 24.0 24.9 25.8 23.4 18.2 11.6 8.2 16.5 2004
2005 7.3 7.2 11.5 15.2 20.4 24.3 26.5 24.4 20.5 17.0 11.0 8.1 16.2 2005
2006 7.0 9.0 13.2 16.5 20.1 21.8 26.4 24.3 21.5 18.2 13.6 8.1 16.7 2006
2007 9.3 11.6 11.9 13.4 19.4 22.5 25.2 24.6 20.7 15.8 11.9 8.8 16.3 2007
2008 9.8 10.7 13.1 15.5 17.4 22.0 25.4 25.2 20.8 15.9 9.8 7.2 16.1 2008
2009 7.6 9.2 12.1 13.8 19.5 24.9 27.7 25.2 20.0 18.7 14.3 10.0 17.0 2009
2010 8.3 9.5 10.7 14.4 16.9 21.3 26.0 25.1 21.4 16.0 10.9 8.6 15.8 2010
2011 8.8 10.4 11.5 16.6 19.1 23.2 25.7 26.2 22.6 17.5 13.2 10.2 17.1 2011
2012 8.7 6.9 11.4 14.5 20.0 25.5 25.6 27.9 21.4 17.1 12.2 10.2 16.8 2012
2013 10.0 9.1 12.0 14.8 17.4 21.3 24.5 24.5 21.6 19.5 11.9 8.3 16.3 2013
2014 9.9 10.7 12.1 17.6 18.6 22.9 24.9 25.4 22.9 19.2 13.0 8.9 17.2 2014
2015 9.0 8.8 13.1 15.4 21.0 23.0 28.0 26.0 21.7 17.9 13.5 11.0 17.4 2015
2016 11.0 11.5 12.2 15.5 18.4 23.7 25.9 25.2 22.7 18.8 12.9 9.9 17.3 2016
2017 8.0 11.3 13.2 15.5 19.9 25.2 26.0 25.2 22.0 18.5 13.0 9.1 17.3 2017
2018 9.9 9.2 12.1 15.3 17.8 22.6 26.2 25.9 22.8 16.6 12.4 11.3 16.9 2018
LTA 8.9 10.1 12.4 15.0 18.7 23.0 25.6 25.2 21.3 17.2 12.3 9.2 16.6
Unit: °C Long-term statistics is calculated from complete years Yearly STDEV: 0.5 °C
Monthly long-term average, minimum and maximum Interannual variability of yearly values with average line andSTDEV band
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
5. Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) Overview
TMY data is delivered, together with the time series data and this report. TMY contains hourly values derived from the timeseries covering complete calendar years. The data history is compressed into one year, following two criteria. The first isminimum difference between statistical characteristics (annual average, monthly averages) of TMY and time series. Thiscriterion is given 80% weighting. The second criterion is maximum similarity of monthly Cumulative Distribution Functions ofTMY and full-time series, so that the occurrence of typical hourly values is well represented for each month. This criterion isgiven 20% weighting.
TMY P50 data set represents, for each month, the average climate conditions and the most representative cumulativedistribution function, therefore extreme situations (e.g. extremely cloudy weather) are not represented in this dataset.
Type of data: Hourly TMY, 8760 records (time reference UTC+0)
Time representation: 01/01/1994 - 31/12/2018
TMY method: SolarGIS_2
Parameters:
Code Description CSV file PDF report
GHI Global horizontal irradiation [Wh/m²]
DIF Diffuse horizontal irradiation [Wh/m²]
SE Sun altitude (elevation) angle [deg.]
SA Sun azimuth angle [deg.]
TEMP Air temperature at 2 m [deg. C]
WS Wind speed at 10 m [m/s]
WD Wind direction at 10 m [deg.]
Important note:Data reduction in TMY is not possible without loss of information contained in the original multiyear time series. Therefore timeseries data can only be considered as the reference for the statistical analysis of solar resource and meteorological conditions ofthe site. Only time series data are used for the statistical analysis in this report.
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Monthly and Yearly Averages
Long-term averages of GHI
GHI [kWh/m²] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year
Time series 86 105 154 182 213 236 244 214 161 122 87 76 1881
TMY P50 86 102 153 180 216 237 245 214 162 122 88 77 1881
Long-term averages of TEMP
TEMP [°C] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year
Time series 8.9 10.1 12.4 15.0 18.7 23.0 25.6 25.2 21.3 17.2 12.3 9.2 16.6
TMY P50 9.9 10.6 12.1 15.3 18.3 22.7 25.1 24.4 21.4 18.0 12.9 8.6 16.6
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Seasonal Hourly Profiles
Hourly profiles for TMY P50.
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Data Snapshot
Snapshot of TMY P50. Days of year are on the x-axis, hours are on the y-axis.
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
6. Data Uncertainty
Solar Resource
Quality of Solargis data is determined by underlying models, spatial and temporal resolution of atmospheric andmeteorological inputs, and their accuracy. Solargis data has been validated at 220+ locations, where high qualitymeasurements were available. Statistics such as bias and RMSD are used for estimation of user‘s uncertainty. Solargismodel demonstrates stable performance globally, and uncertainty lies within the margins described below.
For objective evaluation, the model has to be evaluated with quality-controlled data measured using high standard andprofessionally maintained instruments. If validation at a particular site shows higher deviations, there is high probability thatthere are issues with local measurements.
Uncertainty of Solargis GHI and DNI yearly summaries for 80% of observations is within the range of ±4% and ±8% (±5%and ±10% for 90% of observations), respectively. In complex geographies and extreme cases, uncertainty of GHI and DNIyearly summaries can be as high as ±8% and ±15%, respectively.
Regions where lower uncertainty (below or equal to ±4% for yearly GHI and ±8% for DNI) can be typically expected: Mostof Europe and North America below latitude approx. 50° (see exceptions below), South Africa, Chile, Brazil, Australia, Japan,Morocco, Mediterranean region and Arabian Peninsula (except the Gulf region). Lower uncertainty is expected in regionswith good availability of high-quality ground measurements.
Regions where higher uncertainty can be expected (above ±4% for yearly GHI and above ±8% for DNI): high latitudes(approx. above 50°), high mountains, regions with regular snow and ice coverage, high-reflectance deserts, urbanized andindustrialized areas, regions with high and dynamically changing concentrations of atmospheric aerosols (Northern India,West Africa, Gulf region, some regions in China), coastal zone (approx. up to 15 km from water) and humid tropical climate.Higher uncertainty is also assumed in regions with limited or no availability of high-quality ground measurements.
Meteorological Data
Meteorological parameters are derived from the numerical weather models CFSR, CFSv2 and GFSprod. Compared to solarresource data, they have lower spatial and temporal resolution, and lower accuracy. They characterize wider geographicregion rather than a specific site. Especially relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction values have higher uncertainty,they may not accurately characterize the local microclimate and should be used with caution. The validation procedure wascarried out to compare the modelled data with ground-measured data from the meteorological stations available throughNOAA Integrated Surface Database network. In the validation of air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity, thehourly measurements at more than 11000 stations were used. Uncertainty of yearly estimates for selected meteorologicalparameters (considering 80% occurrence): air temperature ±1.3 °C, relative humidity: ±11%, wind speed ±1.7 m/s.
More about Solargis models, the underlying algorithms, input data and uncertainty can be consulted at:http://solargis.com/support/knowledge-base/methodology/solar-radiation-modeling/
7. Disclaimer and Legal Information
Considering the uncertainty of data and calculations, Solargis s.r.o. does not guarantee the accuracy of estimates. Themaximum possible has been done for the assessment of weather parameters based on the best available data, software andknowledge. Solargis s.r.o. shall not be liable for any direct, incidental, consequential, indirect or punitive damages arising oralleged to have arisen out of use of the provided report.
This report is copyright to © 2019 Solargis. All rights reserved.
8. Service Provider
Solargis s.r.o., M. Marecka 3, 84107 Bratislava, SlovakiaCompany ID: 45 354 766, VAT Number: SK2022962766Registration: Business register, District Court Bratislava I, Section Sro, File 62765/BTel: +421 2 43 191 708http://solargis.com, [email protected]
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SITE: 37.094416°, -2.35985° | TYPE OF DATA: Hourly time series | CUSTOMER: Solargis s.r.o.
Report number: SG-01-2016 © 2019 Solargis
9. Delivered Items and Data Files Originality
The complete delivery SG-01-2016 consists of the following items (5):
CSV data files:
item format file checksum sum of all values
1 Hourly time series Solargis 7ab3108d1afa7cdef5bf9b09ab6117e7 161114871
2 Hourly TMY P50 Solargis dd987f05159c5412b47d4d6ab53a1b13 4250748
3 Hourly TMY P50 for SAM SAM CSV 4e98c05cfd76d599708257b897ed837d --
The originality of CSV data files can be verified by the 'file checksum' (e.g. on this web page http://onlinemd5.com/). MD5algorithm is used for the checksum. Using the 'sum of all values' is another way how to check the data originality in casethe 'file checksum' is not longer valid (e.g. the file was edited and saved in Excel). The indicative sum of all data values inSolargis CSV files is rounded to an integer.
PDF files:
item format description
4 Solargis climData LicenseAgreement
PDF Signed/accepted license is supplied as a separate document sentvia e-mail.
5 Solargis Report PDF This PDF report is electronically signed by Solargis s.r.o.. Theauthenticity of this PDF report can be verified here:http://solargis.info/embedded/pdfverify.html.
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