8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
1/15
1
BONE, JOINT AND
MUSCLES INJURIES
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTT
SARAWAK GENERAL HOSPITAL
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
2/15
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
3/15
3
Functions of the skeletal system
It gives a shape or form to the body
It supports the body, allowing it to standerect.
It provides the basis for locomotion, ormovement, by giving muscles a place toattached, and it contain joints that allowmovement (where bones are joined together
by ligaments)
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
4/15
4
Functions of the skeletal system
It formsprotection for
major body
organs, such as
the brain (skull),
the heart and
lungs (rib cage),
pelvic organs,
and the spinal
cord (vertebrae).
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
5/15
5
The Skeletal system
The upper extremity- Shoulder girdle.
- The upper extremities are
attached to the shoulder
girdle which is formed
largely by shoulder blade
(scapula) & the collar bone
(clavicle)
- Arm.
-The arm (shoulder toelbow) has one bone
known as humerus.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
6/15
6
The Skeletal system
Forearm (elbow to wrist) has two bone: the
radius on the thumb side and the ulna on the
little finger side.
Hand.
The hand has many bones including those of the
wrist & finger- Carpus, metacarpals & phalanges.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
7/15
7
The Skeletal system
Pelvis and the lower
extremity
Pelvis.
The pelvis bone is a bonyring formed by the scarum
and two pelvic bones.
- Hip joint.
- The lower extremity is
attached to the pelvis at thehip joint.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
8/15
8
The Skeletal system
Upper leg (thigh). The upper leg contains one bone known
as femur. It is the longest, heaviest andstrongest bone of the body.
Kneecap. The leg also has a bone at the kneecap known
as patella.
Lower leg.
The lower leg has two bones; the tibia in frontand fibula in back.
Foot. The foot has many bones- Tarsus, metatarsals
& phalanges
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
9/15
9
MUSCLE
Muscle is a special type of tissue thatcontracts or shortens, when stimulated.
The three major types of muscles are:
Involuntary (smooth) muscles, which are not
under conscious control. They handle the workof the internal organs with the exceptional of
the heart.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
10/15
10
MUSCLE
Voluntary (skeletal) muscles, which areunder conscious control. Skeletal musclesare attached to the bones either directly orby tendons. When the voluntary muscle
contracts through stimulation, it shortens& pulls on a part of the skeletal system,causing movement
Cardiac or heart muscle also known as
myocardium.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
11/15
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
12/15
12
Tendons
Form a shiny, white band that attaches
to the muscle and , through a network
of tiny fibers, connects with a bone. If
sharp, sudden force is applied, the
tendon nay pull loose from the bone
and may even pull a small piece of
bone away from it.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
13/15
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
14/15
14
Ligaments
Connect bone to bone. When a ligament is
injured, the individual parts give away at
different places along the entire ligament
length.Most joints of the body haveligaments at the side located farthest from
the center plane of movement.
8/6/2019 struktur tubuh
15/15
15
Ligaments