Supply-side Economics
Mass Production
Assembly Line
Model T
Evolution
Creationism
Speakeasy
Mass Media
Jazz
Blues
Name for the Economic boom that started after WWI and continued until 1929
Time of rapid change in many aspects of American Life
Many believe that this period was the beginnings of the modern American culture
1. Increase in the use of new transportation (automobile & airplane)
2. Women more involved in politics and the workforce3. Increase in Rural to Urban migration4. Women’s Fashion5. New Forms of Entertainment (Jazz, Radio, and
Movies)6. Beginnings of Mass Media (New York and
Hollywood)7. Birth of Modern-day Celebrities
(Babe Ruth, Charlie Chaplin, Charles Lindbergh)
Return to a more conservative politics after WWIElection of pro-business Republicans to office
(laissez faire policies)President Warren G. Harding’s administration
known for several large scandalsTea Pot Dome- Secretary of Interior took bribes
in exchange for leasing federal land to oil companies
Pres. Harding died of heart attack and replaced by his vice-president Calvin Coolidge
Continued Harding’s polices without the scandals but with the booming economy
America became a consumer economy during the 1920’s
Increase in consumer creditStock market also exploded during this times
because of all of the new businesses that made these products
People even brought stock on credit (margin)Buying on margin worked as long as price of
stocks went up
Henry Ford used assembly line production to make cars faster and cheaper than before
Ford’s Model T made car ownership affordable to more Americans (by 1927 56% of American Families owned a car)
Assembly lines allowed one worker to specialize in a particular area of manufacturing a product instead of each worker making the whole product
Assembly line production was soon used by all industries
The car allowed people to travel greater distances faster
Individuals now no longer had to live in walking distance of their job (Growth of Suburbs)
The government also started to build better roads to connect suburbs to cities and cities to other cities
Car also gave Americans more freedom as they could go anywhere they wanted when they wanted to go
1. Name three changes of the 1920’s.2. What type of economic policy did the
government return to in the 1920’s?3. Buying stock on margin only worked if what
happened?4. How did Henry Ford reduce the price of
automobiles?5. What are two ways the automobile changed
America?
Embracement of the traditional views of religion, science, and culture
Believe things should stay the same
Rural Americans
Embracement of of science and secular values over the tradition and religion
Believed that the new ideas and changes were an improvement over the past
Urban American
1925- Tennessee passes a law that banned the teaching of evolution in public schools
ACLU promised to defend anyone accused of breaking law
Rhea County PE teacher John Scopes accused of breaking law
Defended by famous Chicago lawyer Clarence DarrowProsecution headed by William Jennings BryanScopes found guilty but charges were later dropped
due to technicality Dayton became known as “Monkey Town” all around
the country
The temperance movement had tried to pass laws to prohibit sale and use of alcohol since colonial days for several reasons
1.Religious convictions2.Many believed that alcohol was the cause of
most crime3.Most wife beaters were also alcoholics4.Alcohol hurt the productivity of workers5.WWI helped the prohibition movement
because beer was associated with Germany
WWI helped the prohibition movement because beer was associated with Germany
1920- The eighteenth amendment outlawed the sale, manufacturing, and transportation of all alcohol in the United States
Volstead Act passed to enforce the amendment
Prohibition was a complete failure1.Government loss the tax revenue
from alcohol taxes2.People ignored the law and still
consumed alcohol3.Speakeasies- places that illegally
sold alcohol
4. Organized crime (the mob) became involved in the illegal distribution and production of alcohol (bootlegging)
5. Chicago became a haven for organized crime
6. Citizens had less respect for the law and law enforcement
Prohibition was finally repealed by the 21st amendment
The most powerful mobster in Chicago during the 20’s
Owned most of the cops in Chicago
Federal government could never prove his involvement in organize crime
Sentenced to 11 years in federal prison in 1931 for income tax evasion
Create a multiflow map over Prohibition that includes at least five causes of prohibition and five effects of prohibition
18
Do the youth seen in this photo seem “reckless” or “rebellious” by today’s standards?
How would these individuals be viewed today?
Symbolic “new woman” of the 1920s
Called “flappers” after their unbuckled galoshes
Bobbed hair, makeup, short skirts
Smoked and drank in publicResisted the traditional
roles of women Wanted more control
over their lives
Many of the most famous writers in American history wrote the majority of their works in the 1920’s
These writers often question traditional American values and discussed what they thought was wrong with American society (Lost Generation)
1.F. Scott Fitzgerald2.Ernest Hemingway3.William Faulkner4.Gertrude Stein 5.T S Eliot
Greatest work was The Great Gatsby
Explored the realities of the American dream, wealth, and the upper class
The main characters all meet their doom when they discover the truth of the American dream and consumerism
1920’s African American cultural movement that started in the Harlem section of New York City
The leader of the movement was author Langston Hughes
Celebrated African American culture and tradition both ancestral and modern day
Lasting legacy to this day is the Apollo Theater in Harlem
Pittsburgh’s KDKA began broadcasting in 1920
More than 500 stations operating nationwide by 1922
News, music, sports, and live comedies and dramas
Radio brought these things to the masses as they occurred
Broadcasting from the KDKA studios, 1920
Jazz Emerged in the South
and Midwest (especially New Orleans)
Mixed traditional African call and response music with European harmony
First famous jazz musicians were Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington
F. Scott Fitzgerald called the 20’s “the jazz age”
Blues Emerged in the Deep
South (especially Memphis)
Emerged from the traditional work songs of African American slaves
First famous blues musicians were W. C. Handy and Bessie Smith
Several areas of the country had it own unique type of blues
Nashville Saturday Night Radio Show that began in 1920’s on the AM radio station WSM
WSM’s signal reached over half the USA and into Canada
Helped to popularize country music around the nation
Made Nashville the capitol of country music
First person to fly solo across the Atlantic
Flew from New York to Paris
Became an American hero
Popularity of movies explode in the 20’s Still only had silent pictures1927- first move with sound (talkies) is made
(The Jazz Singer)In a few years talkies would replace all silent
pictures in movie theaters
First true movie star was the comedian Charlie Chaplin
Usually played a character known as “The Little Tramp”
Known for his physical comedy
Many comedians still use techniques pioneered by Chaplin today
1920’s saw sports stars go from local to national heroes because radio made it easier to follow players and teams
1920’s are known as the golden age of sportsSports writers for newspapers and radio
broadcast of events greatly increase the popularity of sports
Most famous and perhaps best baseball player ever to play the game
Started out as a pitcher
First true homerun slugger
Made the New York Yankees the most famous sports team in the world
1922-1924 Norte Dame backfield
Coached by Knute Rockne Quarterback Harry
StuhldreherLeft halfback Jim CrowleyRight halfback Don MillerFullback Elmer LaydenHad 30-2 record at Norte
Dame
Known as the "The Manassa Mauler“
Held the World Heavyweight Title from 1919-1926