10/28/2006
Supporting Triple Play Services Through EPONSupporting Triple Play Services Through EPON
Advanced Technologies for Optical/Advanced Technologies for Optical/Wireless Access/Metro NetworksWireless Access/Metro Networks
IEEE Globecom Access 2006IEEE Globecom Access 2006
Dr. Rex NadenDr. Rex Naden
President and CEOPresident and CEO
November 29, 2006November 29, 2006
Nov 29, 2006 2
EPON Is Supporting Triple PlayEPON Is Supporting Triple Play
• Agenda– Teknovus – EPON Overview– Service providers moving to Triple Play with IPTV;
examples from Japan– Success factors
• Industry ecosystem• Clear benefits versus alternatives
– Carrier grade– Versatility– Cost– Management– Support for legacy services - TDM
• It must have a future
Nov 29, 2006 3
TeknovusTeknovus’’ StatusStatus• 3.0 million+ IPTV PON ports sold
• 14 OEMs shipping products
• 24 Service Providers in 5 continents, including 7 PTTs
• 5 issued patents and 49 patent applications– Fundamental patents on VLAN, Multi-Service, Multicast,
TDM, GBIC
Background• Expansion revenue stage
• Fabless semi company
• FTTx market
• Key application is video
• 65 people
• Offices in Petaluma, San Jose, Tokyo, Seoul, Shanghai
Nov 29, 2006 4
Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON)Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON)
OLT
ONU
ONU
ONU
ONU
ONUONUIEEE 802.3ah
1 Gbps
Optical Line Terminal in
Central Office
Optical Network Unit
in Home
• Up to 64 ONUs• 20KM reach• Full IPTV support• Cost similar to or lower than DSL but 100x the speed
Passive Splitters
Nov 29, 2006 5
EPONEPON Network Network -- GEPONGEPON
Teknovus ONU ChipExisting
Dark Fiber/Splitter
Teknovus OLT Chip in Central Office
Home Gate Way
Tepco
Nov 29, 2006 6
IPTV: The Killer App for PONIPTV: The Killer App for PON
• Digital TV over IP technology= “IPTV”– The fourth TV platform: Free to Air, Cable, Satellite,
IPTV– Five Million users today, 27M by 2008 – A revolution in entertainment delivery– Seen by Telcos as critical for long term success– Flexible, two-way, narrowcasting, time shifting– 2x or more increase in ARPU– Ecosystem appearing, led by Microsoft, Yahoo, Google
• The future of IPTV is fiber PON– Full spectrum of entertainment capabilities: streaming
HDTV, broadcast TV, narrowcast TV, VOD
Nov 29, 2006 7
FTTH in Japan FTTH in Japan –– Some ExamplesSome Examples
• NTT East (Includes Tokyo)
• NTT West (Includes Osaka)
• KDDI & TEPCO (Tokyo)
• K-Opticom (Osaka)
• Chukoku Engergia (Hiroshima)
• Chubu Commufa (Nagoya)
• ST Net Pikara (Shikoku)
• Kintetsu Cable Network (Osaka)
• …
• Tiered Data Services
• “Copper-Grade” Telephony– Emergency Services
• Broadcast TV– “DVD Quality” IPTV– Off-Air IPTV Coming Soon
• Video-on-Demand
• Karaoke-on-Demand
• On-Line Gaming
• Remote Back-Up
• …
Nov 29, 2006 8
Kintetsu Cable TV Starts FTTH ServiceKintetsu Cable TV Starts FTTH Service
Service started Feb 06100 Mbps 4,725/month; 1Gbps 5,775/month
Cable Market – Japan- 06 50K, 07 200K, 08 400K
Nov 29, 2006 9
Energia Communications ChukokuEnergia Communications Chukoku
• Energia Communications is the communications division of Chukoku Power (chukoku denryoku)• The Engergia service is called MegaEgg, which offers triple-play (data, VoIP, television) services• Hiroshima is major city served by Energia
Nov 29, 2006 10
Telephony & Web Access Are (Almost) FreeTelephony & Web Access Are (Almost) Free
No relaxation of QoS for traditional services even though $ value is decliningService-based competition is replacing connectivity-based competitionIPTV is the killer app IPTV must be low-cost, high-performance, & secure
SSkype and similar services
are driving the price of voice calls close to zero
US$ / kb/s Source: Ministry of Public Information and Communications in Japan
Raw speed & price drive data services
Nov 29, 2006 12
EPON EPON -- Many Large Carrier DeploymentsMany Large Carrier Deployments
• Carriers commercially deploying EPON:– Announced
• NTT• KDDI• K-Opticom• Korea Telecom• China Netcom• Hanaro
– Additional 20+ Carriers on 5 continents
• Subscriber volume – 5 million by end 2006
• Installed CO capacity - 10 million ports
• EPON is a mass-deployed technology
Nov 29, 2006 13
Vibrant & Growing EPON EcosystemVibrant & Growing EPON Ecosystem
• Optics/Transceivers/PHY Vendors– Delta Electronics– ETRI– Fiberxon– Hitachi/Lightron– NEC– Sumitomo– Vitesse– YOFC– Zenko
• ASIC Vendors– ETRI– Centillium– Conexant– Immenstar– PMC/Passave– Teknovus
• Test Equipment Vendors– Agilent– Fujitsu
Since IEEE Std 802.3ah approval, equipment cost has decreased by 50% and optics cost has decreased by 70%
• System Vendors– Allied Telesyn– Alloptic– Corecess– Dasan/ Siemens– Entrisphere– Fiberhome– Fujitsu– Furukawa– Hitachi– Huawei– Hyundai– Mitsubishi Electric– Nayna– NEC– Ocean Broadband– OKI-Fujikura– Salira– Samsung– Sumitomo Electric– UTStarcom– ZTE
Nov 29, 2006 14
EPONEPON’’ss ManyMany ApplicationsApplications
ApplicationsType of Carrier
# of Carriers
Internet Television VoIP Cell-Site Back-Haul Other
Telco 12 12 5 9 1 -Power Line
8 8 4 6 - -
CATV MSO
4 4 4 4 - -
Mobile Operator
1 - - - 1 -
Other 1 - - - - 1Total 26 22 11 17 2 1
For Many Different Types of Service Providers
10/28/2006
Supporting Triple Play ServicesSupporting Triple Play Services
Network Architecture Requirements
Nov 29, 2006 16
Supporting Triple Play ServicesSupporting Triple Play Services
• Bandwidth– Available now– “Simple” evolution to higher speeds, no forklifts
• Advanced end-to-end service architecture – Flexible/Versatile– Easy to change and manage
• Low-cost solution
• TDM – Support legacy services– Enable all services over EPON network
Nov 29, 2006 17
Why 10Gb/s EPON?Why 10Gb/s EPON?
• 1 Gb/s EPON opened floodgates for advanced services– Video-on-Demand– High-definition IP TV streaming video– Time-shifted broadcast– Online video games
• Users began to accept, like, and demand more bandwidth-intensive services– File sharing, picture uploading, video conferencing– More simultaneous IP TV channels– More on-demand, less broadcast (“information pull” instead of
“information push”)
• Supports higher split ratios – leading to lower costs
• Carriers are looking for a next generation solution– Compatible with existing outside plant– Compatible with existing NMS and OAM
Nov 29, 2006 19
Bandwidth Bandwidth –– IEEE 10G EPON SupportersIEEE 10G EPON Supporters
Victor Blake,Lars Thon,
Dean Jackson,Guy Trotter,Hai Vodinh,
David Walsh,Ketan Gadkari,Vikrama Ditya,
Sanjay Sharma,Petre Popescu,
Howard Frazier,Wael Diab,
Bill McDonald, Joe Decarolis,
Zhong Deqiang,Shen Cheng Bin,
Wang Bo,Ching-Sheu Wang,
Russ Gyurek,Paul Voois,
William Keasler,David Hare,
Seuk-Jin Kang,Steven Swanson,
Ming Wu,Dong Soo Lee,
Hark Yoo,Bin Yeong Yoon,Douglas Cheng,
Hu Baomin,Liu Wu,
Advance/Newhouse CommunicationsAelurosAgilentAgilentAllied TelesynAllopticAllopticAllopticAmple CommunicationsAstar-ODSMBroadcomBroadcomCentillium CommunicationsCentillium CommunicationsChina NetcomChina TelecomChina TelecomChunghwa TelecomCisco SystemsClariPhy CommunicationsConexant SystemsConexant SystemsCorecessCorningDelta ElectronicsETRIETRIETRI FiberxonFOTEK OptoelectronicsFOTEK Optoelectronics
Charles Chen,Eugene Lee,
Niel Ransom,Drew Perkins,
Chou Yun Lung,DarZu Hsu,
Yun-Lung Chou,Keiji Tanaka,H. Kitagawa,
Dae Kyung Kang,Hirotaka Wada,
Naoto Saeki,Ed Cornejo,
Mike Dudek,Brad Booth,
Rick Li,Byeong Hoon Kim,
Eric Hyunsurk Ryu,Geoffrey Garner,Jung Won Park,
Yosuke Komiyama,Ed Boyd,
Glen Kramer, Ryan Hirth,
Sanjay Kasturia,Denis Beaudion,
Jaafar Haji Mohamad Abu Bakar,Sahrul Hilmi Ibrahim,
Eric Lynskey,Henry Tzeng, Frank Chang,
ImmenStar ImmenStarIndependentInfineraITRIITRIITRIKDDI R&D LabsK-Opticom Korea TelecomNECNECOpNextPicolightQuake TechnologiesSalira SystemsSamsung ElectronicsSamsung ElectronicsSamsung ElectronicsSamsung ElectronicsSoftbank BBTeknovus Teknovus TeknovusTeraneticsTexas InstrumentsTelecom MalaysiaTelecom MalaysiaUNH IOLUTStarcomVitesse
Carriers Formally Supporting NG-EPON
Nov 29, 2006 20
Forecast of US Households Using HDTV
Reproduced with permission from Technology Futures, Inc.
10G EPON for Digital Television10G EPON for Digital TelevisionService Offerings
Today Near Future (2010)
• Broadcast• Video-on-Demand
• Time-shifted / narrowcast• All-channel personal video
recorder• Picture-in-picture / split screen• Digital cinema distribution• Personal multimedia
publishing• Residential and business
digital video surveillance
• High-Definition TV (HDTV)• ~10 Mbps per channel
• Large Screen Digital Imagery (LSDI)
• Standardized by ITU-T J.601• 40 to 160 Mbps per channel
• Standard Definition TV (SDTV)
• 2 Mbps per channel
Near Future (2010)TodayBandwidth per Channel
• 1000 or more channels• Mix of SDTV, HDTV, LSDI
• 30 ~ 100 channelsNear Future (2010)Today
Number of Channels
For now, AT&T will offer 200 channels, though it expects to offer 1,000 or more channels when it expands the service to other markets in about six months. Its channel lineup already includes major networks as well as ESPN, HBO, the Discovery Channel, the Disney Channel, MTV, the History Channel, USA, CNN, National Geographic and others.
The Wall Street JournalJanuary 5, 2006
For now, AT&T will offer 200 channels, though it expects to offer 1,000 or more channels when it expands the service to other markets in about six months. Its channel lineup already includes major networks as well as ESPN, HBO, the Discovery Channel, the Disney Channel, MTV, the History Channel, USA, CNN, National Geographic and others.
The Wall Street JournalJanuary 5, 2006
Nov 29, 2006 21
10G EPON For Wireless Back10G EPON For Wireless Back--HaulHaul
• 4th Gen mobile communication will be ubiquitous– Bandwidth: ~30Mbps/user, 100M~1Gbps/access point– Access point coverage will decrease– Number of access points will increase– EPON is a natural back-haul solution for the 4th Gen access
points
• Next generation wirelessback-haul– 802.11n: up to 100 Mbps
per device– 802.16e: up to 70 Mbps
per access point
• Access bandwidth mustgrow beyond 1 Gbps
Nov 29, 2006 22
Carrier Grade QoS at Low CostCarrier Grade QoS at Low Cost
• Ethernet PON standard provides strict Quality of Service support
– EPON maintains multiple traffic flows using Logical Link IDs(similar to Port ID in GPON or Service ID in DOCSIS)
• Ethernet PON provides guaranteed QoS/SLA on each flow– Guaranteed minimum bandwidth– Controlled maximum bandwidth– Guaranteed Latency– Fair dynamic distribution of excess bandwidth allows full utilization
of the PON for maximum carrier ARPU
• Ethernet PON provides advanced services:– IGMP and single-copy multicast for IP video – VoIP with emergency call handling– TDM support with jitter and wander within ITU-T specs– Multiple VLAN modes to accommodate various telco architectures
and diverse regulatory environments– IPv6– SNMP, Statistics, a host of other features
Nov 29, 2006 23
EndEnd--ToTo--End Service ArchitectureEnd Service Architecture
Video / IPSTB
C I S C O S Y S T E M S
VoD Server
Soft Switch
PSTN
PON System: A L2/L3/L4 Ethernet Switch• Connects the Core & Home Networks• Multi-service • Independent service contracts• Bi-directional QoS (especially latency)• Designed to reduce end-to-end cost
CoreNetwork
HomeNetwork
Triple-Play
FTTH ONT OLT
Nov 29, 2006 24
PerPer--Flow QoS is Required for TripleFlow QoS is Required for Triple--PlayPlay
Video / IPSTB
C I S C O S Y S T E M S
VoD Server
Soft Switch
PSTN
SLA per Service Independent Flow per Service LLID per Service
CoreNetwork
HomeNetwork
Triple-Play
FTTH ONT OLT
ISP
Nov 29, 2006 25
• Shapes bursty traffic without dropping packets highest quality IPTV• Individual buffering & shaping for up to 256 simultaneous channels• Field-proven in multiple deployments• Lowest cost OLT• Lowest cost ONU
Optimum Solution for IPTV
BuiltBuilt--in Downstream Buffering for IPTVin Downstream Buffering for IPTV
OLT990 Mb/sline rate
VoD Server
1 Gb/sline rate
5 Mb/s
Layer-2 Core
350+ Mb/s, 90kByte Blocks5 Mb/s
ONU 1
ONU 2
ONU 3
Per-ChannelBuffering& Shaping
Nov 29, 2006 26
EPON vs. GPON:EPON vs. GPON:EPON has Less Expensive OpticsEPON has Less Expensive Optics
GPON EPON
Downstream rate (Mbps) 1244 or 2488 1250
Upstream rate (Mbps) 155, 622, 1244, or 2488 1250
Laser on/off ≈ 13 ns 512 nsAGC ≤ 400 ns
44 ns *CDR ≤ 400 ns
• Short AGC intervals in GPON require optical power leveling– Additional protocol to negotiate power level– Digital interface to transceiver to set the values
• Short laser on/off times in GPON require high-speed laser drivers• Relaxed specification in EPON allows less expensive devices to be
built
For more information see• J. Redd and C. Lyon, “Challenges Mark GPON FEC Receiver Designs,” Lightwave,
PennWell, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 11 – 14, May 2006.• M. Fuller, “GPON Burst-Mode Receiver Electronics Prove Challenging,” Lightwave,
PennWell, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 11 – 17, May 2006.
*
Nov 29, 2006 27
EPON Protocol is NOT ConstrainedEPON Protocol is NOT Constrained
GPON EPONMax Logical Reach (km) 60 unlimitedMax Logical Range (km) 20 unlimitedMax Logical Split 128 32767
• Current PON constraints are from optical components
• Optical components are continuously improving
• Protocol should be future-proof and should not limit PON performance
Nov 29, 2006 28
EPON has Flexible EncryptionEPON has Flexible Encryption
EPON• IEEE 802.1AE (MacSec)
– Approved in June 2004 – Based on AES-128/GCM mode– Requires Frame Extension IEEE
802.3as (not approved yet)
• Existing EPON chips have flexible design– Have multiple encryption
schemes built-in– Up to four schemes
GPON• Encryption is specified in
G.984.3– Based on AES-128/CTR mode
• Adding security specification to standard is not always an advantage.
• GPON’s adoption in China remains problematic because the AES cipher suite does not have regulatory approval in China.
• China Telecom has specified a China-specific encryption.
Nov 29, 2006 29
Connecting Two Ethernet NetworksConnecting Two Ethernet Networks
Printer
L2 Switch
AV Bridge
Print Server
Link/Rx LPT1 LPT2 COMPower/TX
Core Network:IEEE 802.3 Ethernet
Home Network:IEEE 802.3 Ethernet
Ethernet-over-GEM-over-SONET or Ethernet?ITU-T GPON or IEEE EPON?
ONU 1
ONU 3
ONU 3
OLT
Nov 29, 2006 30
TDM TDM –– Supporting All Services & Meeting Supporting All Services & Meeting ITU SpecificationsITU Specifications
TDM / EPON is capable of transporting Stratum-traceable timing.
TDM Jitter Performance
• Jitter Amplitude: p-p HP1: 0.132 UI / p-p HP2: 0.128 UI• Jitter Transfer: < -40 dB across the ITU band• Jitter Tolerance: per diagram• Bit Error Rate: 0 in 24 hr. test.• Frequency Tracking: locks to at least +/- 100 ppm• All testing done in the presence of full PON traffic load.
0.1
1
10
100
10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000F (Hz)
Tol
eran
ce (U
I)
TK3515 (E1)
G.823 Mask
TDM Jitter Performance
• Jitter Amplitude: p-p HP1: 0.132 UI / p-p HP2: 0.128 UI• Jitter Transfer: < -40 dB across the ITU band• Jitter Tolerance: per diagram• Bit Error Rate: 0 in 24 hr. test.• Frequency Tracking: locks to at least +/- 100 ppm• All testing done in the presence of full PON traffic load.
0.1
1
10
100
10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000F (Hz)
Tol
eran
ce (U
I)
TK3515 (E1)
G.823 Mask
0.1
1
10
100
10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000F (Hz)
Tol
eran
ce (U
I)
TK3525 (E1)
G.823 Mask
Nov 29, 2006 31
Lessons from HistoryLessons from History
• Ethernet has won every time it has competed with “higher speed” and “higher efficiency” technologies– Ethernet vs. Token Ring– Ethernet vs. FDDI– Ethernet vs. ATM– Ethernet vs. SONET– Ethernet vs. ATM in the DSLAM – Ethernet vs. Multi-service in the Metro
• Ethernet is cheap, simple, easy to install & manage
PredictionEthernet all the way will win a large fraction of the market.
Nov 29, 2006 32
EPON the Preferred Choice for Carriers WorldwideEPON the Preferred Choice for Carriers Worldwide
EPON is successful in the market
EPON has clear benefits vs. PON alternatives
EPON has a future