1
Folie 1
Sustainable Electricity and Water for Europe, Middle East and North Africa
Franz Trieb und Hans Müller-Steinhagen
TRANS-CSPTRANS-CSPMED-CSPMED-CSP AQUA-CSPAQUA-CSP
Folie 2
German Aerospace Center (Germany)Dr. Franz Trieb, Dipl. Geo. Julia Gehrung, Dr. Peter Viebahn, Dr. Christoph Schillings, Dipl. Phys. Carsten HoyerNational Energy Research Center (Jordan)Eng. Malek Kabariti, Waled Shahin, Ammar Al-Taher University of Aden, (Yemen)Prof. Dr. Hussein AltowaieUniversity of Sana’a, (Yemen) Prof. Dr. Towfik SufianUniversity of Bahrain, (Bahrain)Prof. Dr. Waheeb AlnaserProf. Dr. Abdelaziz Bennouna, formerly at CNR (Morocco)Intern. Forschungszentrum für Erneuerbare Energien e.V. (Germany)Dr. Nasir El-BassamKernenergien – The Solar Power Company (Germany)Dipl.-Ing. Jürgen KernNokraschy Engineering GmbH (Germany)Dr.-Ing. Hani El-NokraschyDeutsche Gesellschaft Club of Rome (Germany)Dr. Gerhard Knies, Dr. Uwe MöllerHouse of Water and Environment (Palestine)Dr. Amjad Aliewi, Hafez ShaheenCenter for Solar Energy Studies (Libya)Dr. Ibrahim ElhasairiCentre de Developpement des Energies Renouvelables (Morocco)Mme. Amal Haddouche (Director General)University of Bremen (Germany)Dr. Heike GladeNew Energy Algeria (Algeria)Tewfik Hasni (Director)New and Renewable Energy Authority (Egypt)Samir Hassan (Director)Hamburg Institute of International Economics (Germany)Honorat Satoguina
IFEED
2
Folie 3
Task
Assessment of the renewable energypotential for the sustainable supply of electricity and water in 50 countries of Europe, the Middle East and North Africataking into consideration the option of Concentrating Solar Power.
Folie 4
50 Countries in EUMENA analysed
ScandinaviaWestern EuropeEastern EuropeSouth-Eastern EuropeWestern AsiaNorth AfricaArabian Peninsula
Europe (EU)
Middle East & North Africa (MENA)
3
Folie 5
Criteria for Sustainable Electricity Supply:
Inexpensivelow electricity cost no long term subsidies
Secure diversified and redundant supply power on demandbased on inexhaustible resourcesavailable or at least visible technologycapacities can be expanded in time
Compatible low pollution climate protectionlow risks for health and environmentfair access
Folie 6
Portfolio of Energy Sources for Electricity:
Coal, LigniteOil, Gas Nuclear Fission, FusionConcentrating Solar Power (CSP)Geothermal Power (Hot Dry Rock)BiomassHydropowerWind PowerPhotovoltaicWave / Tidal
ideally storedprimary energy
fluctuatingprimaryenergy
storable primaryenergy
4
Folie 7
• firm capacity,power on demand
• combined generation of process heat for cooling,industry, desalination, etc.
Fuel
Thermal Power Cycle (e.g. Steam
Turbine)
Process Heat
Electricity
Principle of a Conventional Thermal Power Plant
Concentrating Solar Collector Field (Mirrors)
Solar Heat
Thermal Energy Storage
• concentrated, easily storable solar thermalenergy as fuel saver
Principle of a Concentrating Solar Thermal Power Plant
Folie 8
Planta Solar 10 MW, Sevilla, 2007SEGS 350 MW, California, since 1985
NovatecMurcia, 2007
Andasol 2 x 50 MW, Guadix, 2007
Achievements
Nevada Solar I, 64 MW, 2007
MAN/SPGAlmeria
2007
5
Folie 9
Biomass (0-1)
Wind Energy (5-50)
Geothermal (0-1)
Hydropower (0-50)
Solar (10-250)
Max
Min
Electricity Yield in GWh/km²
Renewable Electricity Potential in Europe, Middle East & North Africa
1350 TWh/y
1350 TWh/y
630000 TWh/y1100 TWh/y
1950 TWh/y
Potential
Folie 10
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Potentials Demand 2000 Demand 2050
Elec
trici
ty in
TW
h/y
SolarGeothermalHydroWindBiomassWave/TideDesalinationMENAEurope
Economic Renewable Electricity Potentials vs. Demand in EUMENA
> 630000
How Does a Sustainable Mix Look Like?
6
Folie 11
Installed Capacity vs. Peak Load in EUMENA
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050Year
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity [G
W]
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400 PhotovoltaicWind PowerGeothermalHydropowerBiomassTidal/WaveCSPOil & GasCoalNuclearFirm CapacityPeak Load
100 % availability plus 25 % reserve capacity
5000 h/a 2000 h/a
Import/ExportDesalination
Folie 12
Carbon emissions of EUMENA power sector are reduced to 38 % until 2050 in spite of a quickly growing demand
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Year
CO
2-Em
issi
ons
in M
t/y
AvoidedImport SolarPhotovoltaicsWindGeothermalHydropowerWave / TidalBiomassCSP PlantsOil / GasCoalNuclear
7
Folie 13
Electricity Cost (Example Spain)
4.04.55.05.56.06.57.07.58.0
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Year
Elec
trici
ty C
ost [
c/kW
h]
TRANS-CSP Mix Mix 2000 CSP Import CSP Spain
Folie 14
One Square Kilometre of Desert Land usingConcentrating Solar Thermal Power is enoughto harvest up to:
250 Million kWh/year of Electricity
60 Million m³/year of Desalted Seawater
8
Folie 15
Trans-Mediterranean High Voltage Direct Current Electricity Grid:Interstate Highways for Renewable Electricity
www.trec-eumena.net
Folie 16
Strategic Focal Points
Efficiency Focus
Renewable Energy Focus
EU-MENA Cooperation Focus
EU-MENA Interconnection Focus
Balancing Power Focus
CSP is the Key
9
Folie 17
Concentrating Solar Power for the Mediterranean Region
Trans-Mediterranean Interconnection for Concentrating Solar Power
Concentrating Solar Power for Sea Water Desalination
MENAREC 2Amman, JordanMay 2005
MENAREC 3Cairo, EgyptJune 2006
MENAREC 4Damascus, Syria June 2007
Concentrating Solar Power for the Mediterranean Region
Trans-Mediterranean Interconnection for Concentrating Solar Power
Concentrating Solar Power for Sea Water Desalination
MENAREC 2Amman, JordanMay 2005
MENAREC 3Cairo, EgyptJune 2006
MENAREC 4Damascus, Syria June 2007
www.menarec.org