Mange: Sarcoptes scabei var suis Greasy pig disease: Staphylococcus hyicus:
Gram-positive coccus Swine pox: Swine pox virus Erysipelas: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae:
Gram-positive, aerobic, slightly bent, thin bacillus
Sarcoptes scabei var suis (not zoonotic) represents the most important
ectoparasitic disease of swine nursery or grower pigs
Clinical signsintense pruritus, lichenification, papules, crustspoor productionsusceptible to other diseases
Diagnosis - clinical signs, skin scrapeTreatment and control, acaricide (amitraz) topically, ivermectin injection
0.5 mm in length, gray to white, and just visible to the naked eye when on a black background
ova, larvae, nymphs, adults develop in the epidermis
Place the scraping on a piece of black paper for a few minutes. Then carefully blow off the superficial debris and examine the site on the paper for the small, light colored mites.
Exudative dermatitis Staphylococcus hyicus: Gram-positive coccus Affects late preweaning pigs: few days to
about eight weeks of age
Clinical signsexfoliation of skin, excess sebaceous secretionpruritis not a feature unless complicated my mange
Diagnosis - clinical signs and culture or histopathology
Sebaceous glands secrete excessively and there is accumulation of greasy exudate over lesions
Treatment: frustrating Injectible penicllin, oxytetracyline Tetracyclines in feed Topicals: 10% bleach, chlorhexidine, Virkon®
(Durvet) or dilute tamed iodine Control
Sanitation: sanitation for pregnant sows, especially in housing, and washing of sows may be of value
Control external parasites Good nutrition
Clinical signspapules 1-6 mm in diameterpustules, crustsclear spontaenously
“round to oval cutaneous lesions that heal in three to four weeks”
Diagnosis - clinical signs, biopsyintracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
Treatment - not necessary: herd immunity
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae◦ Gram-positive, aerobic, slightly bent, thin
bacillus Diamond skin disease: zoonotic pigs 3months - 3years old
Diagnosis Diamond skin lesions pathognomonic Culture of blood, joints, lung, liver
Treatment Penicillin is the drug of choice
Control General sanitation Bacterins or attenuated live vaccines
Haematopinus suis: zoonotic, 6 mm long (largest louse)
Lifecycle◦ sucking louse (anemia)◦ entire LC on host
Indicator of poor management
Clinical signs pruritis (mild), anemia, poor growing
Diagnosis visible to naked eye
Treatment - same as for mange
Iron deficiency Piglets iron demand is greater than the
sows milk (15-50%) Pigs raised in the outdoors may not need
iron Vit E/ selenium deficiency : Fe toxicity !!
Clinical signs anemia within 2-3 days of birth dyspnea, edema, pale skin, lethargy
Diagnosis - clinical signs, CBC Treatment - 200mg iron dextran at 1-3 days
of age
Africa Swine FeverFoot and mouth diseaseHog cholera / classical swine feverSwine vesicular diseaseMalignant catarrhal fever
Virus family Flaviviridae, genus Pestivirus Highly contagious viral dz 1978: ‘hog free’ Swine and boars Direct/ uncooked meat CS: High Fever: 106-108oF
(>41oC)DepressionConjunctivitisConstipation, then DiarrheaSkin hemorrhages/CyanosisStillbirths, deformities, mummiesneurologic
Renal petechiation
African swine fever genus asfivirus in the family Asfarviridae Only DNA virus ~ arbovirus
hemorrhage in multiple areas: hot sick red pigs
is a tick-borne (ornithodorus), contagious, febrile, systemic viral disease of swine
100% mortality No vaccine
1. Greatly enlarged dark red to black friable spleen
2. Enlarged hemorrhagic gastrohepatic lymph nodes
3. Enlarged hemorrhagic renal lymph nodes
◦ African Swine Fever pigs do not develop conjunctivitis or encephalitis
◦ Despite high fever, ASF infected pigs stay in good condition, whereas hog cholera infected pigs drastically lose weight
Foot and mouth disease - apthavirus* Swine vesicular disease - enterovirus Vesicular exanthema - calicivirus Vesicular stomatitis - rhabdovirus
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_dis_spec/swine/
http://www.ncsu.edu/project/swine_extension/ncporkconf/2002/roberts.htm
http://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/pbs/zoonoses/Erysipelas/erysipelasindex.html
http://vetmed.iastate.edu/vdpam/new-vdpam-employees/food-supply-veterinary-medicine/swine/swine-diseases/haemophilus-parasuis-
http://vetpath.wordpress.com/category/necropsy-cases/