SYMBIOSE
A Modeling & Simulation Platform for Environmental PPPPollutant Risk Assessment
CHEN Victor Tao, GARCIA-SANCHEZ Laurent, GONZE Marc-André,LE DIZES Séverine, METIVIER Jean-Michel, MOURLON Christophe
IRSN Cadarache
Sponsored by EDF (Electricité de France)
Goldsim User Conference Las Vegas (Nevada), October 10-13, 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
I. Environmental Pollutant Risk Assessment (ERA)
II. Modeling Approach
III. Implementation in Goldsim
IV. Application
V. Conclusion
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Plan
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Some scenarios of interest
Nuclear accident (crisis)• Acute release from a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP)• Fate & transport of radionuclides in the neighboring continental environment
(30 km, 3 years) • Dose to man • Efficiency of protection actions
ERA 1
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Normal releases • Long-term, low-level discharge of pollutants from a Waste Disposal Facility• Fate & transport of pollutants in semi-natural ecosystems & geosphere• Dose to fauna & flora• Effects on biota populations (mortality & reproduction rates, etc.)
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Trends in ERA modeling
1. Integration• Human Health &Biota Protection • Radiological & chemical risk • Multiple interacting media, spatially-distributed & dynamic systems• Parametric vs structural uncertainties
ERA 2
2. Modularity• Easy building of specific simulators • Library of reusable modules• Alternative modules (varying levels of complexity)
3. Transparency (& Traceability)• Modules content (structure, data & methods) • Down to an appropriate level• Reinforce confidence & credibility
… Collaborative development, User-friendliness
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Pollutant dynamics : Mass Transfer Matrix
Modeling Approach 1
RIVER SYSTEM
RAW WATER
WATER
SUSPENDED MATTER
ABIOTIC
PHYTO-PLANKTON
BOTTOM SEDIMENT
ANIMAL FOOD CHAIN
REST Of RIVER
SYSTEM
REST Of BIOSPHE
RE
RIVER SYSTEM
RAW WATER
WATER Advection Dispersion
Sorption Sorption Sorption Accumulation OutwardMig ration
SUSPENDED MATTER
Desorption ABIOTIC Advection Dispersion
Deposition Ingestion OutwardMig ration
Desorption PHYTO-PLANKTON
Advection Dispersion
Deposition Ingestion OutwardMig ration
Desorption BedErosion BOTTOM SEDIMENT
ingestion
ANIMAL FOOD CHAIN
Excretion
InwardMig ration
InwardMig ration
InwardMig ration
REST Of RIVER
SYSTEM
RunOff Deposition
Erosion REST Of BIOSPHE
RE
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Pollutant dynamics : Mass balance
,
,, ][ )( iijp
pji
pijiii SMRMTMTMMχ
t++−+−
∂∂ ∑= FM....∇∇∇∇
Modeling Approach 2
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Spatial migrationMass exchange p(i↔ j)
Physico-chemicaltransformations
Source term
Concentration of MIn phytoplankton (mol/kg)In soil solution (mol/cm3)
Population densityPhytoplankton biomass (kg/m)Moisture content in soil (cm3/cm3)
Stock of MIn phytoplankton (mol/m)In soil solution (mol/cm3)
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Input(flux, conc.,…)
Mediating system or pathway p Output ?
(flux, conc.,…)
Pollutant dynamics : Transfer function
Modeling Approach 3
Migration & transfer processes
∫ −−−=t
dtftfInputtOutput Mp
0 )( ,...) ,( )( ),( 00 ττττ xx,xx
physico-chemical transformations
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Ingestion fluxMediating system
or pathway p Milk conc. ?
CowAtmospheric
deposition fluxOutlet
stream conc. ?
Watershed run-off & erosion
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
A Feasibility Prototype
Modeling & Simulation
• Module library (GoldSim)• Customized simulators (Goldsim)• Complex calculations (DLL)
Information Management
• Data Bank (Excel)• Documentation system (Word)• Bank of simulation results (GoldSim)
System Analysis & Decision-support
• Uncertainty analysis (GoldSim)• Sensitivity analysis • Mass pathways analysis• Spatial analysis (ArcInfo)• Remediation action testing, etc.
*Not implemented
Implementation in Goldsim 1
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Module features
Implementation in Goldsim 2
!m_Modulem_Modulem_Modulem_Modulem_Module1. Computational
• Autonomous, reusable, plugable software component • Encapsulates all relevant data, information & calculation • Provides users/rest of the system with a specific service
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
2. Scientific
• TASK
• Pollutant dynamics, fluid/ecological dynamics, …• Dose, effect calculation, …• Information processing, system analysis, …
• DOMAIN
• Material system : (a)biotic compartments, migration & exchange processes• Chemical system : species, physico-chemical forms & processes• Time frame : window, continous/discrete…type, step size, …• Space frame : coverage, network/grid...type, dimension, mesh size, …
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
!m_Modulem_Riverm_Riverm_Riverm_River
Implementation in Goldsim 3
Compute :• Water dynamics (hydraulics)• Sediment dynamics• Radionuclide dynamics
TASK
MaterialRIVER
SYSTEM
RAW WATER
WATER Advection Dispersion
Sorption-Desorption
Sorption-Desorption
Sorption-Desorption
Accumulation OutwardMig ration
SUSPENDED MATTER
ABIOTIC Advection Dispersion
Deposition Ingestion OutwardMig ration
PHYTO-PLANKTON
Advection Dispersion
Deposition Ingestion OutwardMig ration
BedErosion BOTTOM SEDIMENT
ingestion
ANIMAL TROPHIC
CHAIN
Excretion
InwardMig ration
InwardMig ration
InwardMig ration
REST Of RIVER
SYSTEM
RunOff Deposition
Erosion REST Of BIOSPHE
RE
12
345
6
789
10
111213
141516
1720
1918
1
45
3 2
678
910
12
345
6
789
10
111213
141516
1720
1918
1
45
3 2
678
910
Space1D Network Smallest resolved scale ~ 103m
Window = Hydrological season Continuous solutionSmallest resolved scale ~ 0.25hour
Time
137Cs, 106Ru, …Radioactive decay
Chemical
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
!m_Modulem_Riverm_Riverm_Riverm_River
Implementation in Goldsim 4
RIVER SYSTEMRIVER SYSTEM
!Calculator
!In Viewer
Listener
!Out
i HelpHelp
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Coupling ModulesImplementation in Goldsim 5
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Module 2Module 2
Viewer
Listener
!Out!
Calculator!In
Module 1Module 1
!Calculator
Listener
!Out
!In Viewer
!m_Modulea_Adapter
Adapter Adapter
Calculator
In
Out
If domain1 <> Domain2If Domain1 <> Domain2
through Adapters
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RIVER SYSTEMRIVER SYSTEM
!Calculator
!In Viewer
Listener
!Out
i HelpHelp
Implementation in Goldsim 6
Nesting Modules
BIOTABIOTA
!Calculator
!In Viewer
Listener
!Out_
i HelpHelpANIMAL FOOD CHAIN
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Radionuclide concentrations in water, sediment, etc.
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Application 1
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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Application 2
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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Application 3
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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Application 4
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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Soil contamination (t=2 years)137CsSurface layer
Rooting layer 137Cs
Application 5
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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A few words to conclude …
1. Prospective developments
• Module library enrichment• Spatial pre/post-processing• Information Management System
• Relational-Object Data Base• Web technologies
… Thank you for your attention
Conclusion
2. Interactions with other projects10
• ERICA (EC Program, ~15 organizations)
• Development of an integrated framework & tool for Ecological Risk Assessment
• ECOLEGO (Facilia, Sweden)
• Development of an integrated assessment tool under Matlab/Simulink/Java • Sponsored by SSI (Sweden), NRPA (Norway), POSIVA (Finland)
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
ANNEXE
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Institute for Radiological Protection & Nuclear Safety
1. Who are we ?• Public establishment of an industrial & commercial nature • Joint authority of the Ministers of Defense, Environment, Industry,
Research & Health • 1500 experts & researchers• Budget : 250 MEuros
2. Missions• Technical support to the public authority• Research & Expertise within the fields of
• Nuclear safety• Protection against ionizing rays • Control & protection of nuclear materials • Protection against acts of malevolence
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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3. Locations
ParisParisParisParis
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
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Risk Assessment
ERA
& Management process
Action• Controling release • Reinforcing protection • Rehabilitating media • Analyzing cost/benefit
Risk• Dosimetric impact• Health & ecological effect• Economic impact• Risk
Source• Pollutant forms • Toxicity• Release characteristics
Exposure• Targets• Ecosystems, pathways• Space & time scales • Mass (& energy) cycling
Uncertainty• Sources• Quantification method
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Hierarchical Mass Transfer Matrix
Modeling Approach
RIVER SYSTEM
RAW WATER
WATER
SUSPENDED MATTER
ABIOTIC
PHYTO-PLANKTON
BOTTOM SEDIMENT
ANIMAL FOOD CHAIN
REST Of RIVER
SYSTEM
REST Of BIOSPHE
RE
RIVER SYSTEM
RAW WATER
WATER Advection Dispersion
Sorption-Desorption
Sorption-Desorption
Sorption-Desorption
Accumulation OutwardMig ration
SUSPENDED MATTER
ABIOTIC Advection Dispersion
Deposition Ingestion OutwardMig ration
PHYTO-PLANKTON
Advection Dispersion
Deposition Ingestion OutwardMig ration
BedErosion BOTTOM SEDIMENT
ingestion
ANIMAL FOOD CHAIN
Excretion
InwardMig ration
InwardMig ration
InwardMig ration
REST Of RIVER
SYSTEM
RunOff Deposition
Erosion REST Of BIOSPHE
RE
PHYTO-PLANKTONAttributes• Definition• Unit • BiomassDensity • Concentration, Stock • ExternalDose, InternalDose • BiomassGrowthRate
Methods• ComputeBiomassDensity()• ComputeStock()• ComputeDose()
Bibliography[1] Smith et al., …
Sorption-Desorption
Attributes• Definition• Unit • Flux• KdCoefficient, DesorptionKin eticRate
Methods• ComputeFlux()
Bibliography[1] Johnson et al., …
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Ecological/Fluid dynamics : Mass balance
Ecoi
jp
pji
pijii t
χTTχt
∂∂
+−+−=∂∂ ∑
,,, )(F....∇∇∇∇
Population density (Ui/Uri)
Modeling Approach 2
i
jSpatial migration processes
Mass exchange processes p(i↔ j)
tt
Population growth/decay processes
Animal population density (individual/m2)Phyto-plankton biomass (kg/m3)Water content in soil (m3/m3)Water section in a river reach (m3/m) etc.
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004
Rappel titre - date- N°X/Y
Pollutant dynamics : Mass balance
,
,, ][ )( iijp
pji
pijiii SMRMTMTMMχ
t++−+−
∂∂ ∑= FM....∇∇∇∇
Stock (mol/Uri)Concentration (mol/Ui)
Modeling Approach 3
Spatial migration processes
Pollutant exchange processes p(i↔ j)
Physico-chemicaltransformations
Source term
Stock in an animal population (mol/m2)Stock in a phyto-plankton population (mol/m3)Stock in soil water (mol/m3)Stock in river water (mol/m)etc.
SYMBIOSE – Goldsim User Conference 2004