Symbiosis
I can describe symbiosisI can explain the different kinds of
symbiosisI can name some examples of
symbiosis
I can statements:
What is symbiosis?
the act of living together
What it means: Two organisms that live togetherTemporarily or for a longer timeAt least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship
Symbiosis
What are the different kinds of symbiosis?
Parasitism
Mutualism Commensalism
PredationCompetition
Mutualism
Organism One Organism Two
Both organisms benefit
Mutualism Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm2qdxVVRm4
Commensalism
Organism One Organism Two
One organism benefits and one organism is unaffected
Commensalism Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5Kr-1k8RBg
Parasitism
Organism One Organism Two
One organism benefits and one organism is harmed
Parasitism Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGSUU3E9ZoM
Predation
Predator Prey
One organism kills and consumes another organism for food
CompetitionTwo or more organisms sharing the limited resource
Predation/Competition Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsfJL-IIVz4
Acacia Plant & AntsThe ants lay eggs on
acacia tree so they get a nice safe place for
their eggs. The acacia covers the infected
area with brown flesh (called a gall.) The
plant has to use valuable resources to
create the gall.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
parasitism
Anemone & Anemone Fish
mutualism
This fish lives its entire adult life among the
tentacles of a sea anemone. Anemone fish do not get stung by the anemone as would most
other fish so they get protection from
predators. The fish often drop food scraps which the anemones can eat.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
Boxer Crab & Anemones
This Boxer Crab carries a pair of stinging
anemones in its claws, which it uses to defend itself from predators. The anemones get to move around which increases their food
supply.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
Elk
A battle or contest between individuals, groups, animals, etc. for territory, a niche, or a location of resources. It arises whenever two or more parties strive for a goal which cannot be shared.
Images from Wikimedia
Competition
This tiny emperor shrimp is riding along on the back of a sea cucumber (a long worm-like starfish relative) while it
crawls along a sandy bottom. The shrimp gets to
travel around under the protection of its much larger
partner, and the sea cucumber doesn't seem to
mind.
Emperor Shrimp & Sea Cucumber
commensalism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
Moray Eel & Cleaner Fish
This moray eel has a small fish cleaning between its teeth. The eel gets a clean mouth while the
cleaner fish gets a nice meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
Cattle & Cattle Egrets
As these cattle walk around eating grass they stir up lots of
insects. The egrets hang around and get a
yummy meal of insects.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
commensalism
Southern Elephant Seals
Male on male combat occurs in many species including serious battles between male southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) which use their teeth to gash competitors.
Images from Wikimedia
Competition
Clown Fish & Anemone
This clown fish swims in the anemone and gets protection, since its
predators will get stung. The anemone is
unaffected.
What symbiotic relationship is this?commensalism
Antelope & Ox Bird
This ox bird hangs out on the
antelope and gets a delicious
meal of bugs living on the antelope. The
antelope gets rid of parasites.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
Tapeworms
Tapeworms are flatwormsthat attach themselves tothe insides of an animal’sintestines. They eat theirhost's partly digested
food,leaving the host with a
lackof nutrients.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
Goby and Alpheid Shrimp
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
This alpheid shrimp (onthe right) uses its strong claws like a bulldozer to create a burrow in the
sand. The shrimp is nearly blind. It relies upon its partner, the sharp-eyed goby, to
warn of danger. When a potential predator approaches, both animals disappear
quickly into the burrow
Hawk and Mouse
Birds of prey hunt for small rodents, fish and reptiles high above ground. They have very keen eye sight which allows them to see the small prey scampering through the grass or water.
Predation