8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
1/33
TEACHING AND LEARNING FOR THE21ST CENTURY
Mrs. Ambika Ravindran
Principal
M.A.Chidambaram College of Nursing
V.H.S., Chennai - 113
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
2/33
,1752'8&7,21
Education is the watchword of the new millennium;
and when it comes to good learning experiences students
deserve the best. Expertise, quality and affordability should
be the key focus of a good educational systems. The
electronic age has brought about a revolutionarytechnological approach for better life to the masses of our
country and as nursing professionals we must march to serve
national interests by doing our best for the betterment of
nursing education.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
3/33
What is teaching?
Teaching is transforming.Teachers have the responsibility of transforming
concepts and ideas into representations that will be
comprehended by students.
In the educational context, the process involveschanging curriculum content to meaningful representations
for students, thus facilitating learning.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
4/33
Major components of the Teaching Process
&RPSUHKHQVLRQRISXUSRVHVLGHDVDQGVXEMHFW
PDWWHU7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ
3UHSDUDWLRQE\FULWLFDODQDO\VLVRIVXEMHFWDQG
GHYHORSPHQWRIFXUULFXOXP
5HSUHVHQWDWLRQRIFRQFHSWVZLWKDQDORJLHV
PHWDSKRUVH[DPSOHVGHPRQVWUDWLRQV
6HOHFWLRQRIPRGHVRIWHDFKLQJ
$GDSWDWLRQWRVWXGHQWFKDUDFWHULVWLFVVXFKDV
WKHLUFRQFHSWLRQVODQJXDJHVFXOWXUH
PRWLYDWLRQVVHOIFRQFHSWDQGDSWLWXGH
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
5/33
,QVWUXFWLRQZLWKSUHVHQWDWLRQVLQWHUDFWLRQV
DFWLYLWLHVDQGRWKHUDVSHFWVRIDFWLYHWHDFKLQJ
(YDOXDWLRQRIVWXGHQWXQGHUVWDQGLQJDQGSHUIRUPDQFH
E\VWXGHQWDQGWHDFKHU
5HIOHFWLRQWKURXJKFULWLFDOO\DQDO\]LQJDQG
UHFRQVWUXFWLQJVWXGHQWDQGWHDFKHUSHUIRUPDQFH
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
6/33
What is learning ?
A process of growth and development whereby a
learner acquires a body of knowledge developes ideal ,
developes ability to use this knowledge in pursuit of her
ideals.
Learning brings modification in behaviour.
Each student will have his / her own learning style.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
7/33
Models of Learning
Traditional mode: Pedagogy (art & science of teaching children
New approach: Andragogy (By Malcom S.Knowles) art and science
of teaching adults.
The different assumptions about the learner for pedagogy and
Andragogy are explained under 5 dimensions.- The concept of the learner
- The role of the learners experience
- The learners readiness to learn
- The learners orientation to learning
- Motivation to learning
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
8/33
According to Shulmans words
A teacher transforms the content knowledge he or she
possesses into forms that are powerful and yet adapt to the
variations in ability and background presented by the students.Thus, teacher transforms knowing into telling and
students will change telling into doing and caring.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
9/33
The twenty first century has witnessed phenomenal
explosion of knowledge and application of communication-
cum-information technologies, accelerating the access to
knowledge.The information revolution of the past 65 years has
forced educators in almost every discipline to evaluate the
appropriateness of traditional teaching methodologies and
redefining competencies of the modern teacher to suit the
needs of the contemporary society.
Why is teaching and learning in the 21st
given such emphasis?
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
10/33
In recent years rapid developments in information and
communication technologies have resulted in significant
changes in the way the world operates and communicates.
These developments, in ;turn have had an impact on
educational needs, both in terms of content and delivery ofeducational services.
Traditional classrooms have undergone massive
changes. Information technology has entered the classroom in
a big way to aid the teaching-learning process. Computers are
no longer stand-alone subjects, but in fact used to empower
teachers to reach other subjects with greater ease.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
11/33
Knowledge explosion
+Application of communication-cum-
information technologies
+
Introduction of computer education
in Schools and Colleges
Accelerated
access to
knowledge
Need for
High tech
Nursing
professionals
Warrants changes in traditional methods of teaching
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
12/33
5HYLHZRIWUDGLWLRQDOPRGHOVRI
(GXFDWLRQ
Behavioral modelby Ralph Tyler
Content driven, teacher centered curriculum.
Teacher - the information giver and primarily responsible for
evaluation Behavioural objectives were considered as the ultimate measure
of teaching effectiveness
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
13/33
Advantages of Tylerian model:
Positive impact on the quality of nursing education
Strict insistence on measurable objectives and accreditation
forces support organized, evaluation oriented system that
provides services of reliable quality.Nursing educators are able to monitor and police themselves
with a sense of responsibility and accountability not found in
other profession models of education.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
14/33
Need for re-evaluating the restrictive practices imposed
by Behaviourist / Tylerian model
The many changes in the demographics of nursing students and
the large influx of nursing students of B.Sc. Nursing programmes.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
15/33
Barriers to Nursing Education:
Lack of flexibility
Inconvenient scheduling
Geographic inaccessibility.
Duplication of Nursing knowledge and experience.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
16/33
What are the issues and changes necessary to
launch nursing into the twenty-first century.
The curriculum revolution which is now all about teacher-
student partnerships. Process driven curriculum.
It is about flexibility and individual differences
in how and what one learns.Identifying and measuring student outcomes in the
cognitive psychomotor and affect domains has been a
significant problems for nurse educators.
The affective domain needs main attention.and includes
students professional attitudes, motives and values
The student evaluation tool needs to be examined in
light of desired outcomes, identify in the self and theory
evaluation of learning.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
17/33
It is about instructors spending
their time with students doing what no text,
no programme of learning, no computerand no other learning resource can accomplish.
Developing the mind of the individual student through
intimate given and take based on sound knowledge and
understanding of theoretical base, clinical inquiry process.
It is about using appropriate teaching strategies for
helping students to identify professional values such as
altruism, equality and human dignity.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
18/33
Ten ways to get todays educational
institution ready for 21st centurys nursing
education
1) Bridge the gap between the syllabus and students
learning needs
Education may be conceptualized as a bridge between thescience and practice of nursing
The visionary nurse educator has a responsibility to facilitate to
students transition to the role of professional nurse whose practice of
nursing is based on theoretical perspective.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
19/33
2) Cater to various learning styles
3) Get the world to visit the classroom
Nursing education and health care agencies
use technology to increase learning and improve
health care
The use of technology in nursing education include basics of word processing papers to using multimedia, audio
visual aids.
Learning by satellite transmission of a class and
interaction of students and teacher at off campus sites.
Video tape lessons, Email and Faxes, Software providinginstructions and testing tools (Computer adaptive tests).,
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
20/33
The use of technology in health care
Include sending orders and requestsDiagnosis reports
Physician orders
Standardized nursing care planComputerized printed medication sheets
Nursing documentations
Staff updates
Onsite continue educations.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
21/33
4) Demystify technology, make teachers tech sarvy
5) Equip students for the world of technology.
How can nurse educators help students to
pro actively incorporate technology now
and in the future? Expand knowledge and skills about information technology,
learning about the capabilities of computers and about
differentiating what humans and machines do best.
Integrate technology into a nursing model
Humanize technology with the fundamental nursing arts of
active listening, teaching and caring interventions adapting to a
comprehensive holistic nursing framework.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
22/33
Collect data to discover what technology means to users andexamine relationships between nursing care, technology and
patient outcome.
Network with the virtual nursing community by participating in
local, national and global sharing among professionals.
Ensure that technology compliments nursing care
without replacing it.
Computers can do some tasks well, but can neverreplace human reflection and critical thinking.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
23/33
6) Enhance soft skills and build effective habits.
7) Make education fun and relevant.
9) Make room for learning differences.
8) Build language skills.
10) Add new life to class room interaction.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
24/33
Qualities required of a modern teacher
Flexibility
Perspective
Sense of humor
Collegiality
Faith
Commitment
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
25/33
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
26/33
Should be Learner centered
Trained to handle learner centered pedagogy.
Different assumptions of pedagogy and andragogy
1. Concept of
Learner
Dependency Self Direction
2. Role of
Learnersexperience
- Of little use as a basis of
learning
- Relies on transmission mode of
teaching
Of greater quantity and
quality
3. Readiness
to learn
Age related Needs related
To know and do things
4. Orientation
to learn
Subject centered content based
curriculum
- Life centered, task
centered and problem with
curriculum
5. Motivation
to learn
From external p-----
parent / teacher
Internal: need for self
esteem and self confidence
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
27/33
Maintains Professionalism
Trained to be innovative in their attitudes,flexible in their approach and
reflective in their minds
Professionalism is a prime mover to lead us to
global society
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
28/33
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
29/33
Should be -
accountable for the teaching services rendered.
A sound faculty evaluation that is viewed as
less threatening and punitive, and that nurtures
professional development and forces professionalaccountability would be off good use.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
30/33
efficient and effective communicator of knowledge,skills and attitudes
talented and well versed to integrate technology in
designing curriculum content for effective teaching
trained to enable students identify their roots, build
references and gain strength to manage identity
crisis in the fast changing information society.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
31/33
Should be -
trained to be net savvy and visit different websites foracademic content updates.
trained to develop knowledge management qualities,
thus pooling the skills and knowledge of theworkforce.
trained to develop dynamic leadership skills.
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
32/33
Eight assessment areas of quality
educationAskyourself the following questions so that teachers become
confident educators and students enjoy quality instruction.
1) Do I see the unfolding of a synthesized educational plan?
2) Is the teacher comfortable with the content?
3) Has the teacher chosen a variety of teaching methods?
4) Does the teacher use audiovisual aids competently?
5) Does the teacher involve learners?
6) Do I see evidence that the teacher has considered the self?
7) Does the teacher make me laugh occasionally?
8) Is there any evidence that the teacher is training
students how to put it all together for the long term?
8/7/2019 Teaching Learning Final
33/33
The Twenty-first century Nurse teacher should be trained to use
computer facilitated teaching together with conventional teaching
methods that include the teachers wisdom, teachers voice, chalkand black board, so that she discharge her duties effectively as
an assimilator , generator and facilitator of knowledge
in the information era.
The Nurse educator has to innovate, develop, design,
produce and deliver high quality reliable, aesthetic, energy
saving and ecologically sound professionals who have to
work and compete in high tech areas with rapidly growingnumber highly qualified people in the global market,
guided by the old adage
Tell me, and Ill listen. Show me and Ill understand.
Involve me and Ill learn.
CONCLUSION: