© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Technological Challenges in an
Ageing Europe
Luis Pinto Coelho, Universidade de Vigo, 2014-11-28 1
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe
The European population structure is changing as a consequence of a double demographic trend: on one hand fewer babies are born and on the other hand
people are living longer. The result is "population" ageing" which is unprecedented in recent history and brings significant socio-economic challenges. This situation
can also be seen from a perspective where, by the use of innovative technological approaches, we can see this demographic change as a positive opportunity for the European economy. In this talk several development areas will be covered giving a special attention to the roles of ICT and electronics and their innovation potential
under the contexts of enhanced activity, enhanced mobility, improved quality of life, health and well-being support.
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Abstract
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
About the speaker…
• PhD in Signal Theory and Communications, by U. Vigo
• Position
• Teacher in Polytechnic Institute of Porto
• Head of the Biomedical Engineering Degree
• Head of the Healthcare Management Post. Grad. Degree
• Interests
• R&D: Signal Processing, Mobile Computing, Artificial Intelligence
• Enterprise: Entrepreneurship, Spin-offs, Patents
• Academic: MOOC, Biomedical Engineering
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Luis Pinto Coelho ([email protected])
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Technological Challenges in a Ageing Europe
A. Introduction
B. Challenges and Opportunities
C. On-going Projects
Overview
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Introduction Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe
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Facts
• Population ageing is unprecedented, without parallel in human history—and in the 21st century it will be happen very fast.
• Population ageing is pervasive, a global phenomenon - but countries are at very different stages of the process, and the pace of change differs greatly. Europe is ageing faster!!
• Population ageing is enduring, we will not return to the young populations that our ancestors knew.
• Population ageing has profound implications for many facets of human life.
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Introduction
Source: United Nations, World Population ageing
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Facts
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Introduction
Source: U.N., Center for Strategic and International Studies
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Facts
• Spain
• Economist Mukesh Chawla of the World Bank predicted in July 2007 that half of Spain's population will be older than 55 by 2050, giving Spain the highest median age of any nation in the world.
• Portugal
• Population with more than 65 years old will represent 43% by 2050
• In 2050 population will shrink to 7.5 million (-25%)
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The Iberian Scenario
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Research and Development in na ageing Europe
• A reality: ageing is a fact and countries must adapt
• A growing market: There is a growing age group with full capabilities that wants to have a role in society.
• A developing environment: New trends in healthcare management strategies:
• Active ageing
• Preventive medicine
• Personalized healthcare
• A world of opportunities: Many new and unexplored technologies
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Motivations
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Research and Development in an Ageing Europe
• Governments are supporting these challenges
• Several Horizon 2020 project calls
• An example: ‘eldercare social robots’ can help perform daily tasks such as lifting or cooking, or set off an alarm if an in-built camera registers that a person has fallen.
• New business opportunities
• Huge savings in the cost of social and health care. For example, telecare solutions can cut the costs of care services by up to 30%.
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Motivations
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Investimento Conjunto Galiza-Norte de Portugal
• 1.1. Consolidacion e Potenciacion de polos de investigación RIS3 • 1.1.5. Potenciacion de um polo en torno ao cluster da saúde, orientado envelhecimento
activo
• 1.1.7. Programas de Titulaciones conxuntas
• 1.2. Potenciación de Transferência ao Sector Productivo • 1.2.1. Promoción de spin-offs
• 1.2.4. Patentes
• 2.1. Conversion num Territorio Atractivo para Investimento • 2.1.1. Promoción de viveiros de empresas
• 2.1.2. Clusters de I&D transfronteirizos
• (…)
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Plano 2014-2020: Eixos e Prioridades Estratéxicas
http://www.gnpaect.eu/pt/eurorregiao/PIC.pdf/view
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Challenges and Opportunities Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe
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Technologies for
Healthcare
Electronics
IT
Biology Pharmacy
Clinics
• Technological development has evolved in may important areas
• Inter-area projects are still underexplored
• IT and Electronics present the best impact/effort relation!
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Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe
Research Areas
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Electronics and IT for an Ageing Population
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Research oportunities and trends
Electronics and IT for an Ageing Population
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Patient –
Practitioner
Interaction
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Monitoring
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Neurosciences
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Robotics
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Tissue
Engineering
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
eHealth
eDoctor eRadiology
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mHealth
• Remote diagnosis
• Assisted diagnosis
• Alert
• Spectrogram
• Fonocardiogram
Assisted and Remote Stethoscopy
http://www.thinklabsmedical.com/
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© Luis Pinto-Coelho
mHealth
Occular Deseases Ecography
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mHealth
Skin deseases Microscopy
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mHealth
ECG Monitoring Biosignal
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mHealth
• Using a set of electrodes we can easily acquire EEG signal
• After some training it is possible to identify brain wave patterns
• Allows early detection of crisis
• Applications: • Command & Control
• Alzheimer detection
• Epilepsy seizure detection
• Sleep analysis
• Etc.
EEG and Pattern Recognition
www.gtec.at
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Brain Stimulation
Transcranial stimulation Deep brain stimulation
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mHealth
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Robotics
http://images.businessweek.com http://www.intouchhealth.com
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3D Modeling and Printing
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3D Printing and Tissue Engineering
• Using industrial technology in healthcare.
• Fast and precise
• Some visions of the future: • The Economist: The ideas economy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoqCMJ6lQpA
• Organovo: 3D Simulation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTwv9jMMcOY
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3D Tissue Printing
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
3D Bioprinting
• Industrial engineering used to print human organs. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GH9l
AJxfU2o
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Tissue Printer (2013)
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
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2010-2014 2015-2020 2021-2030
Driver Barrier
Products Services
Technology Capability
Aging in developed countries/Lack of medical
professionals
People are familiar with IT/ Quality of life gain more
importance
Aging in developing countries/Co-exist of robots &
human
Monitoring Individual
Monitoring + Therapy Interactive
Diagnosis + Care plan Proactive
• Aging society • Lack of doctors/nurses • Increased expense for healthcare
• More people live alone • Depopulation of rural area • People care quality of life more • Get used to IT
• WW Aging society • Acceptance for robotics increase • Limited landscape
• Cost/Regulation • Reliability/acceptance
• Advanced technology • Usability
• Quality • Resistance
Market needs
Challenges
• Security cameras for nursing • Wearable monitoring
• Therapy robots (pets, partners) • Tele-medicine • Tele-diagnosis
• Proactive Diagnosis robots (doctors, nurses)
• Autonomous devices
• Wearable Sensors • Actuators • Monitoring camera • Signal Processing • Pattern recognition
• Sensor feedback • Soft Actuators • Intention recognition • Advanced Human machine
interface
• Natural language processing • Autonomous navigation system • Machine learning & statistical
analysis
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
On going projects Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe
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© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Non Invasive Glicose Estimation
• There are well know relations between ECG and Glicose levels
• This is especially obvious in hipoglicymia conditions (which is very dangerous)
• It is possible to continuosly monitor patients and raise alerts before and/or critical events
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Diabetis
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3D Modeling
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Foot modeling and rapid show sock prototyping
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Activity Monitoring
• Daily activities can be tracked using the mobile phone’s 3D acceleration sensor
• Tempo-spatial gait parameters and acceleration patterns at the head and pelvis are measured in three orthogonal planes
• Pattern recognition systems are in development
• Many possibilities: Fall detection, activity monitoring, posture, etc.
• Phone or bracelet data sources.
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With mobile phone
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Medication Reminder
• Medication reminder is programed by the doctor or in the phamarcy
• Patient receives alert on the phone or bracelet
• Care provider receives alert if medication is not taken
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(starting)
Source: Medisafe Android Client
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EEG Analysis for Command and Control
• Objective: To provide simple manouvrability using brain machine interface
• Actions: Forward, turn left, turn right, stop
• Simple EEG pattern analysis
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Wheelchair
(Many thanks to Invacare, Portugal who kindly provided the wheelchair)
© Luis Pinto-Coelho
References
• http://horizon2020projects.com/
• Plano de Investimento Conjunto Galicia-Norte de Portugal http://cpapx.xunta.es/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=345857&name=DLFE-21307.pdf
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© Luis Pinto-Coelho
Thank you for your time!
• Luis Coelho
• Instituto Politécnico do Porto
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