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Technology in Early ChildhoodDefault Question Block
This survey is a collaboration between Northwestern University, NAEYC, and the Fred Rogers Center, and will help us better understand technology usein early childhood. The Principal Investigator for this research is Dr. Ellen Wartella at Northwestern University. The survey should take approximately20-30 minutes. Participation is voluntary and responses will be kept anonymous. You have the option to not respond to any questions that you chooseand/or exit the survey at any time. Participation or non-participation will not impact your relationship with Northwestern University, NAEYC, or theFred Rogers Center. Submission of the completed survey will be interpreted as your informed consent to participate and that you affirm that you are atleast 18 years of age. If you have any questions about this research, please contact Courtney Blackwell [email protected] you for your participation.
First, we are going to ask you about your access and use of technology in your early childhood classroom/program.
Please indicate how often you use the following technologies in your early childhood classroom/program for instructional purposes. (“Instructionalpurposes” is defined by the teacher using technology with students to reinforce a curricular goal. Examples include using the Internet to view a YouTubevideo related to an in-class discussion, taking and sharing digital pictures, or using an iPad to create art.)
N/A (you donot haveaccess)
Never (youhave access
but don'tuse it)
Less thanonce amonth
Once amonth
2-3 times amonth Once a week
3-4 times aweek Daily
TV/DVD player
Laptop or desktop computer
Internet
Video game player (eg. GameBoy,PSP, Nintendo DS, Xbox,PlayStation, Wii)
Digital camera or video recorder
SmartBoard or interactivewhiteboard
Light table or overhead projectorand screen
Non-touchscreen iPod or MP3player
iPod Touch
Touchscreen smartphone (eg.iPhone or Android)
Kindle, Nook, or other e-reader
Tablet computer, such as an iPador Kindle Fire
Assistive technology devices(technologies to assist childrenwith special needs)
Each time you use the following technologies, how many minutes do you spend using them with the children in your early childhoodclassroom/program?
» TV/DVD player
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
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» Laptop ordesktop computer
» Internet
» Video gameplayer (eg.
GameBoy, PSP,Nintendo DS, Xbox,
PlayStation, Wii)
» Digital camera orvideo recorder
» SmartBoard orinteractive
whiteboard
» Light table oroverhead projector
and screen
» Non-touchscreeniPod or MP3 player
» iPod Touch
» Touchscreensmartphone (eg.
iPhone or Android)
» Kindle, Nook, orother e-reader
» Tablet computer,such as an iPad or
Kindle Fire
» Assistivetechnology devices
(technologies toassist children with
special needs)
For the devices you use in your early childhood classroom/program, please differentiate between your personal technology devices (i.e. devices you own)and school- or center-owned devices.
Personal device School deviceN/A (do not use or do not have
access)
» TV/DVD player
» Laptop or desktop computer
» Internet
» Video game player (eg.GameBoy, PSP, Nintendo DS,Xbox, PlayStation, Wii)
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» Digital camera or videorecorder
» SmartBoard or interactivewhiteboard
» Light table or overheadprojector and screen
» Non-touchscreen iPod or MP3player
» iPod Touch
» Touchscreen smartphone (eg.iPhone or Android)
» Kindle, Nook, or other e-reader
» Tablet computer, such as aniPad or Kindle Fire
» Assistive technology devices(technologies to assist childrenwith special needs)
How confident are you at using the following technologies with children in a developmentally appropriate way? By “developmentally appropriate,” wemean using technology that takes into account the age, interests, and abilities of each child as well as his/her developmental stage.
Not confident at all Not very confident Neutral Somewhat confident Very confident
» TV/DVD player
» Laptop or desktop computer
» Internet
» Video game player (eg.GameBoy, PSP, Nintendo DS,Xbox, PlayStation, Wii)
» Digital camera or videorecorder
» SmartBoard or interactivewhiteboard
» Light table or overheadprojector and screen
» Non-touchscreen iPod or MP3player
» iPod Touch
» Touchscreen smartphone (eg.
iPhone or Android)
» Kindle, Nook, or other e-reader
» Tablet computer, such as aniPad or Kindle Fire
» Assistive technology devices(technologies to assist childrenwith special needs)
Please indicate the learning areas where you are integrating the technology into your practice (choose all that apply):
N/A (donot use)
Languageand
literacy
Mathematicalthinking and
numeracyScientificthinking
Socialstudies Arts
Healthand well-
being
Social andemotional
development Other
» TV/DVD player
» Laptop or desktop computer
» Internet
» Video game player (eg.GameBoy, PSP, Nintendo DS,Xbox, PlayStation, Wii)
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All teacher directed/guided learning activities
Mostly teacher directed/guided, with some time for child initiated learning activities
About half teacher directed/guided and half child initiated learning activities
Mostly child initiated, with some time for teacher directed/guided learning activities
All child initiated learning activities
Xbox, PlayStation, Wii)
» Digital camera or videorecorder
» SmartBoard or interactivewhiteboard
» Light table or overheadprojector and screen
» Non-touchscreen iPod orMP3 player
» iPod Touch
» Touchscreen smartphone(eg. iPhone or Android)
» Kindle, Nook, or other e-reader
» Tablet computer, such as aniPad or Kindle Fire
» Assistive technology devices(technologies to assist childrenwith special needs)
If you answered "Other" to any of the following technologies in the previous question, please explain your use.
How is technology used in your early childhood classroom/program?
How confident are you:
Not confident at all not very confident Neutral Somewhat confident Very confident
Using email
Sending/receiving text messages
Using digital calendars
Taking digital pictures and/orvideos and sharing themelectronically
Downloading apps
Creating a blog
Creating a class website or wiki
Participating in online discussions(eg. blogs, forums, chat rooms)
Finding quality and credibledigital material (eg. music, videos,handouts, games) to use with yourstudents
Creating classroom/curriculum
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Yes
No
Yes
No
A lot less technology use in school
Less technology use in school
About the same technology use in school as at home
More technology use in school
A lot more technology use in school
Don't know
At home
In an early childhood classroom/program
It depends on the technology (please explain)
materials using technology
How often do you engage in the following activities?
NeverLess than
Once a Month Once a Month2-3 times a
month Once a Week3-4 times a
week Daily
Have face-to-face meetings withparents or other caregivers
Call parents or other caregiverson the phone
Text parents or other caregivers
Email parents or other caregivers
Email/text pictures to parents orother caregivers
Communicate with parents orother caregivers throughFacebook or other social networks
Skype or video chat with parentsor other caregivers
Update your class website or wiki
Allow children to take handheldtechnology devices (eg. e-reader,iPod, iTouch, MP3 player, iPad,laptop) home with them
Do you use technology to support dual language learners? (Y/N). If yes, please provide a brief description:
Does your school/program have a specific curriculum to teach digital literacy or digital media literacy? If so, please indicate the name/type of curriculumbelow:
In general, how would you characterize your school's/program’s use of technology compared to that of your students’ home environments?
Where do you think the primary place should be for children to learn how to use technology?
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0-2 years old
3-4 years old
5-6 years old
7-8 years old
Not appropriate for early childhood classrooms/programs
Depends on the technology (please explain)
What is the earliest age you think is appropriate to introduce children to technology in an early childhood classroom/program?
The following questions regard technology integration into your early childhood classroom/program.
Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with the statements with regard to your early childhood classroom/program:
Stronglydisagree Disagree
NeitherAgree
norDisagree Agree
StronglyAgree
Technology can help to develop children's critical thinking skills.
Technology can improve individualized learning.
Technology is useful for assisting children with disabilities.
Technology is useful for social interactions among children.
Technology is useful for online Professional Development.
Technology can help to develop children's content knowledge.
Technology can help to develop children's higher-order skills.
Technology can improve documentation of children's learning.
Technology can improve my ability to communicate with parents and other caregivers.
Other (please indicate):
Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with each statement:
Stronglydisagree Disagree
NeitherAgree
norDisagree Agree
StronglyAgree
Technology use is limited by insufficient or lack of training.
Technology use is limited by insufficient or inadequate hardware.
Technology use is limited by technology changing too fast.
Technology use is limited by my lack of time to use technology in my early childhoodclassroom/program.
Technology use is limited by my school/program's policy that prohibits technology use.
Technology use is limited by insufficient or lack of technical support.
Technology use is limited because I am unsure of how to make technology relevant to subjectareas.
Technology use is limited by the unreliability of technology.
Technology use is limited by insufficient or inadequate software.
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Yes
No
Never
Less than once a year
Once a year
Several times a year
Once a month
Two to three times a Month
Weekly
Attended in-person workshops/trainings
Engaged in online workshops/trainings
Used computer-based self-paced tutorials
Received help from a mentor or colleague
Found help from online blogs or forums
Engaged in educational technology coursework
Other (please explain):
» Attended in-person workshops/trainings
» Engaged in online workshops/trainings
Technology use is limited by my lack of time to learn technology.
Technology use is limited by my lack of comfort with technology.
Technology use is limited by children's inability to appropriately use technology.
Technology use is limited by the lack of parent approval of technology in my early childhoodclassroom/program.
Technology use is limited by a lack of appropriate digital content for my students.
Other (please indicate):
In this section, we ask questions about the pre-service and in-service professional development you receive(d), as well as current support for integratingeducational technology into your early childhood classroom/program.
Have you ever received pre- or in-service professional development training specifically in educational technology?
If you have had pre- or in-service professional development in educational technology, please indicate how many hours of training you have received.(please answer with a numerical value)
How often does your early childhood classroom/program offer any in-service professional development on technology?
What types of professional development/support have you received specifically in educational technology?
Which of the above professional development/support activities did you find most helpful to integrating educational technology into your earlychildhood classroom/program?
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» Engaged in online workshops/trainings
» Used computer-based self-paced tutorials
» Received help from a mentor or colleague
» Found help from online blogs or forums
» Engaged in educational technology coursework
» Other (please explain):
Yes
No
Places time restrictions on children’s technology use
Encourages the use of pre-approved content/software/etc
Listed below are characteristics of professional development for educational technology. Please indicate how would you characterize the support youreceive from your school/program for each statement.
No supportoffered
Veryunsupportive
Somewhatunsupportive
Neitherunsupportive or
supportiveSomewhatsupportive Very supportive
Integrating technology intospecific subject areas
Learning basic user skills (eg.how to turn device on/off, how touse word processing software,
how to use email account, how toupload/download pictures and/orvideos)
Technical support
Financial support
Providing sufficient time to learnhow to use technology
Providing developmentallyappropriate models for usingtechnology with children
Documentation of children'slearning using technology
Children's individualized learningwith technology
Using technology to communicatewith parents and other caregivers
Providing adequate software
Providing adequate hardware
Helping you find and navigateavailable digital media resourcesand content (e.g., online videos,interactives, games, apps)
Some early childhood classrooms/programs have policies regarding the use of technology. Some encourage the use of technology while some limit itsuse, including prohibiting any technology. We are interested whether your early childhood/program has some type of technology policy and the extent towhich it encourages or prohibits the use of technology.
Does your early childhood classroom/program have a technology policy?
If your school does have a policy, please indicate how it affects technology use (check all that apply):
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Encourages integration of technology across disciplines
Allows teachers to use technology at their discretion
Allows all forms of technology
Allows all forms of technology except for TV
Allows children to take portable technology home
Allows children to use technology on their own, without teacher monitoring
Encourages responsible handling of technology equipment
Encourages technology etiquette, such as being respectful to others online, using appropriate language, and respecting others' privacy
Limits access to preselected websites
Other (Please explain):
Yes
No
Female
Male
White, non-Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic/Latino
African-American
Asian
Native American or Alaskan Native
In March, 2012, the National Association for the Education of Young Children and the Fred Rogers Center for Early Learning and Children’s Media atSaint Vincent College released a policy statement on the use of technology in early childhood education. Have you reviewed this statement?
If yes, please briefly describe if and how the position statement will affect your practice:
Next, we are interested in gathering some demographic information.
Are you...
What is your age?
Age
What is your racial/ethnic background?
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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Native American or Alaskan Native
Hawaiian Native or Other Pacific Islander
2 or more races
Less than $10,000
$10,000 to $20,000
$21,000 to $30,000
$31,000 to $40,000
$41,000 to $50,000
$51,000 to $60,000
$61,000 to $70,000
$71,000 to $80,000
$81,000 to $90,000
$91,000 to $100,000
$101,000 to $ 110,000
$111,000 to $120,000
$121,000 to $130,000
$131,000 to $140,000
$141,000 to $150,000
More than $150,000
Some high school or less
High school graduate (diploma or GED certificate)
Some college, no degree
Associate's degree
Bachelor's degree
Some graduate schoolwork, no degree
Master's degree
PhD or EdD
No formal early childhood education preparation
Some early childhood education coursework, but no degree
Associate's degree in early childhood education
Bachelor's degree in early childhood education
Graduate work in early childhood education, but no degree
Graduate degree in early childhood education
What is your annual family income level?
What is your highest level of education?
What type of Early Childhood professional preparation do you have?
How many years have you been in the teaching profession?
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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0-2 year olds
3-4 year olds
5-6 year olds
7-8 year olds
Older than 8 year olds
Low-income
Lower-middle income
Middle income
Upper-middle income
Upper income
Yes
No
Family Child Care (eg. care for children in your home)
Preschool or childcare managed by a for-profit or non-profit organization (e.g., organizations such as the local YMCA, Bright Horizons, United
Way, a local child advocacy center, standalone Montessori preschool programs, etc.)
Preschool or pre-kindergarten program within a public school
Preschool or pre-kindergarten program within a private school
Do not work in a Child Care program
For-profit
Non-profit
Yes
No
Years
What age children do you currently teach? (check all that apply)
How would you best describe the economic level of the children you serve?
The next set of questions ask about the type of early childhood setting in which your work.
Do you work in an Early Head Start or Head Start program?
Which best describes the type of program in which you work?
Is the organization that runs your center
Is your program run by a religious school? (Note: answer ‘no’ if your program uses space within a religious institution but is not considered part of theinstitution’s religious programming.)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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Half-day
Full-day
Home-based Child Care provider
Classroom teacher
Classroom assistant teacher
Classroom aide
Center-based director
School principal
Other (Please explain)
Urban
Rural
Suburban
Is your program a half-day or full-day program?
Which best describes your job title?
On a typical day, how many children are in your early childhood classroom/program?
Number of Children
On a typical day, how many children are in your entire early childhood school/program?
Number of Children
In what type of community is your program located?
What is the zipcode of your school?
Finally, we are interested in your opinion on technology in early childhood.
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
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Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neutral
Agree
Strongly Agree
How much do you agree or disagree with the following:Technology and interactive media are tools that can promote effective learning and development when they are used intentionally by early childhoodeducators, within the framework of developmentally appropriate practice, to support learning goals established for individual children.
Please explain why you agreed or disagreed to the statement above.
Additional Comments
Thank you for taking the time to complete this survey.